EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

glycyrrhizic acid
glycyrrhetinic acid glycoside

Supplier Sponsors

Name:(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-2-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,11S,12aR,14aR,14bS)-11-carboxy-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,14b-heptamethyl-14-oxo-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14
CAS Number: 1405-86-3Picture of molecule3D/inchi
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:215-785-7
FDA UNII: 6FO62043WK
Nikkaji Web:J1.238F
Beilstein Number:0077922
CoE Number:2221
XlogP3-AA:3.70 (est)
Molecular Weight:822.94334000
Formula:C42 H62 O16
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:cosmetic and flavor agents
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Perfumer and Flavorist:Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
 FDA/DG SANTE Petitions, Reviews, Notices:
184.1408 Licorice, Glycyrrhiza, and Ammoniated Glycyrrhizin View - review
DG SANTE Food Flavourings:16.012 glycyrrhizic acid
 
Physical Properties:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 200.00 to 214.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 970.00 to 972.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Flash Point: 550.00 °F. TCC ( 287.78 °C. )
logP (o/w): 2.800
Soluble in:
 alcohol
 water, 0.05298 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Insoluble in:
 water
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor Type: spicy
Odor Strength:low
Odor Description:at 100.00 %. mild spicy
Flavor Type: sweet
sweet
Taste Description: sweet
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
CosIng:cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses: humectants
skin conditioning
 
Suppliers:
Alfa Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
Glycyrrhizic acid 98%
Anhui Haibei
Glycyrrhizin
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Glycyrrhizic Acid
Changsha Organic Herb
Licorice Root Extract
Coompo
For experimental / research use only.
Glycyrrhizic Acid from Plants ≥98%
Odor: characteristic
Use: Glycyrrhizie acid is active against viruses. It inhibits growth and cytopathology of several unrelated DNA and RNA viruses, while not affecting cell activity and ability to replicate. In addition, glycyrrhizic acid inactivates herpes simplex virus particles irreversibly. Glycyrrhizie acid was shown to inhibit SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) replication in vitro. Amides of GL and conjugates of GL with two amino acid residues and a free 30-COOH function presented up to 70-fold increased activity against SARS-CoV but also increased cytotoxicity resulting in decreased selectivity index.
Jiangyin Healthway
Glycyrrhizic Acid
New functional food ingredients
Nacalai USA
For experimental / research use only.
Glycyrrhizin
Penta International
GLYCYRRHIZIC ACID NATURAL
Penta International
GLYCYRRHIZIC ACID
Santa Cruz Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
Glycyrrhizic Acid ≥93%
Sigma-Aldrich
For experimental / research use only.
Glycyrrhizic Acid Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
TCI AMERICA
For experimental / research use only.
Glycyrrhizin >93.0%(T)
Universal Preserv-A-Chem Inc.
GLYCYRRHIZIC ACID
Odor: characteristic
Use: Has the function of andti-bacterial and anti-tumor properties. Plays a part in the adrenal cortical hormone, which is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, allergic dermatitis inflammation of ENT and ulceration. Is a food sweetener, flavoring agent, also used in cosmetics and medicine.
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-human TDLo 5571 ug/kg/3D-
KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: OTHER CHANGES IN URINE COMPOSITION
Toxicologist. Vol. 54, Pg. 109, 2000.

oral-human TDLo 280 mg/kg/4W
BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
British Medical Journal. Vol. 1, Pg. 488, 1977.

oral-man TDLo 662 mg/kg/1Y-I
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS
Internal Medicine. Vol. 31, Pg. 708, 1992.

intravenous-mouse LD50 589 mg/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
Zhongguo Yaoxue Zazhi. Chinese Pharmacuetical Journal. Vol. 28, Pg. 215, 1993.

oral-mouse LD50 4320 mg/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
Zhongguo Yaoxue Zazhi. Chinese Pharmacuetical Journal. Vol. 28, Pg. 215, 1993.

intraperitoneal-mouse LDLo 1000 mg/kg
Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 5, Pg. 2041, 1977.

intravenous-rat LD > 300 mg/kg
Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 5, Pg. 2041, 1977.

intraperitoneal-rat LDLo 2000 mg/kg
Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 5, Pg. 2041, 1977.

oral-rat LDLo 3000 mg/kg
Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 5, Pg. 2041, 1977.

Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
cosmetic and flavor agents
Recommendation for glycyrrhizic acid usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 240.00 (μg/capita/day)
Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): 210000 (μg/person/day)
Threshold of Concern:90 (μg/person/day)
Structure Class: III
 
Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i).
Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm.
 average usage mg/kgmaximum usage mg/kg
Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): 375.00000-
Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): --
Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): 375.00000-
Processed fruit (04.1): --
Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): --
Confectionery (05.0): 5000.00000-
Chewing gum (05.3): --
Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): --
Bakery wares (07.0): 200.00000-
Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): 25.00000-
Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): 20.00000-
Eggs and egg products (10.0): --
Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): --
Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): --
Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): --
Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): 50.00000-
Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): 550.00000-
Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): --
Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): 10.00000-
 
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Flavouring Group Evaluation 29 (FGE29)[1] - Substance from the priority list: Vinylbenzene from chemical group 31 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC)
View page or View pdf

Flavouring Group Evaluation 36, (FGE.36) - Two triterpene glycosides from the priority list - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC)
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 49, Revision 1 (FGE.49Rev1): xanthine alkaloids from the priority list
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
ClinicalTrials.gov:search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):1405-86-3
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :14982
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:2
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-2-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,11S,12aR,14aR,14bS)-11-carboxy-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,14b-heptamethyl-14-oxo-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14
Chemidplus:0001405863
RTECS:MD2025000 for cas# 1405-86-3
 
References:
 (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-2-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,11S,12aR,14aR,14bS)-11-carboxy-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,14b-heptamethyl-14-oxo-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:1405-86-3
Pubchem (cid):14982
Pubchem (sid):134981322
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):C02284
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB29843
FooDB:FDB001060
Export Tariff Code:2938.90.0000
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
Formulations/Preparations:
•for improved water solubility, an ammoniated salt is commonly used. either ammonium glycyrrhizinate or monoammonium glycyrrhizinate. •...main constituent of licorice is glycyrrhizin (the potassium-calcium-magnesium salt of glycyrrhizic acid); commercial glycyrrhizin is ammonium salt of the acid.
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
For Odor
alcoholic
fusel oil
FL/FR
animal
methyl (E)-2-octenoate
FL/FR
anise
star
anise seed oil terpeneless
FL/FR
anisic
para-
acetanisole
FL/FR
ethyl para-anisate
FL/FR
balsamic
benzyl salicylate
FL/FR
ethyl cinnamate
FL/FR
dextro-
fenchone
FL/FR
guaiacyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
hexyl benzoate
FL/FR
bready
furfural
FL/FR
buttery
acetoin
FL/FR
caramellic
caramel furanone solution
FL/FR
caramel pentadione
FL/FR
coffee dione
FL/FR
cyclotene
FL/FR
cyclotene hydrate
FL/FR
ethyl cyclopentenolone
FL/FR
ethyl furaneol
FL/FR
ethyl maltol
FL/FR
levulinic acid
FL/FR
maltol
FL/FR
maltyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
maltyl propionate
FL/FR
maple furanone
FL/FR
5-
methyl furfural
FL/FR
shoyu furanone
FL/FR
strawberry furanone
FL/FR
strawberry furanone acetate
FL/FR
strawberry furanone solution
FL/FR
cheesy
iso
valeric acid
FL/FR
chemical
iso
butyl formate
FL/FR
propyl propionate
FL/FR
chocolate
iso
amyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
cocoa pentenal
FL/FR
citrus
2-
ethyl-1-hexanol
FL/FR
lime essence oil
FL/FR
dextro-
limonene
FL/FR
alpha-
terpinyl methyl ether
FL/FR
coconut
delta-
octalactone
FL/FR
creamy
3-
heptyl dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone
FL/FR
para-
vanillic acid
FL/FR
para-
vanillyl alcohol
FL/FR
veratraldehyde
FL/FR
dry
3,4-
xylenol
FL/FR
earthy
methyl 3-hexenoate
FL/FR
ethereal
ethyl acetate
FL/FR
ethyl formate
FL/FR
ethyl pyruvate
FL/FR
iso
propyl formate
FL/FR
fatty
(E)-2-
octenal
FL/FR
(E,Z,Z)-2,4,7-
tridecatrienal
FL/FR
floral
acetophenone
FL/FR
benzyl acetate
FL/FR
benzyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
citronellyl anthranilate
FL/FR
citronellyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
ethyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
geranyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
heliotropyl acetone
FL/FR
(Z)-3-
hexen-1-yl salicylate
FL/FR
alpha-
hexyl cinnamaldehyde
FL/FR
hexyl lactate
FL/FR
hydroxycitronellal
FL/FR
hydroxycitronellol
FL/FR
alpha-
ionol
FL/FR
para-
methyl acetophenone
FL/FR
beta-
naphthyl methyl ketone
FL/FR
nonanol
FL/FR
phenethyl alcohol
FL/FR
phenethyl propionate
FL/FR
4-
phenyl-3-buten-2-ol
FL/FR
iso
propyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
rhodinyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
rose butanoate
FL/FR
rose oil (rosa damascena) russia
FL/FR
rose oil (rosa damascena) turkey
FL/FR
terpinyl valerate
FL/FR
tuberose absolute (from pommade)
FL/FR
fruity
allyl hexanoate
FL/FR
iso
butyl 2-butenoate
FL/FR
iso
butyl acetoacetate
FL/FR
iso
butyl anthranilate
FL/FR
iso
butyl butyrate
FL/FR
butyl butyrate
FL/FR
iso
butyl isovalerate
FL/FR
butyl isovalerate
FL/FR
ethyl 3-(2-furyl) propanoate
FL/FR
ethyl 3-hexenoate
FL/FR
ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate
FL/FR
ethyl benzoyl acetate
FL/FR
ethyl butyrate
FL/FR
ethyl isovalerate
FL/FR
ethyl lactate
FL/FR
ethyl methyl-para-tolyl glycidate
FL/FR
ethyl propionate
FL/FR
(E,E)-
ethyl sorbate
FL/FR
ethyl valerate
FL/FR
2-
hexen-1-ol
FL/FR
hexyl acetate
FL/FR
linalyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
menthyl isovalerate
FL/FR
methyl 3-nonenoate
FL/FR
methyl anthranilate
FL/FR
2-
methyl butyl acetate
FL/FR
methyl heptanoate
FL/FR
methyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
methyl valerate
FL/FR
neryl isobutyrate
FL/FR
octyl butyrate
FL/FR
octyl propionate
FL/FR
2-
pentanone
FL/FR
pineapple hydroxyhexanoate
FL/FR
prenyl acetate
FL/FR
iso
propyl 2-methyl butyrate
FL/FR
propyl butyrate
FL/FR
iso
propyl butyrate
FL/FR
propyl heptanoate
FL/FR
propyl hexanoate
FL/FR
propyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
iso
propyl octanoate
FL/FR
strawberry glycidate 1 (aldehyde C-16 (so-called))
FL/FR
strawberry glycidate 2
FL/FR
tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate
FL/FR
para-
tolualdehyde
FL/FR
tolualdehydes (mixed o,m,p)
FL/FR
tropical ionone
FL/FR
vanilla carboxylate
FL/FR
green
cucumber essence
FL/FR
(Z)-4-
hepten-1-ol
FL/FR
hexyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
hexyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
(E,Z)-3,6-
nonadien-1-yl acetate
FL/FR
2-
octen-1-ol
FL/FR
(E)-2-
octen-1-ol
FL/FR
phenethyl tiglate
FL/FR
terpinyl propionate
FL/FR
herbal
anethum graveolens herb tincture
FL/FR
clary sage absolute
FL/FR
linalyl isovalerate
FL/FR
linalyl octanoate
FL/FR
lovage tincture
FL/FR
perillaldehyde
FL/FR
3-
propylidene phthalide
FL/FR
honey
methyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
propyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
licorice
(E)-
anethol
FL/FR
medicinal
2,6-
xylenol
FL/FR
minty
ethyl benzoate
FL/FR
ethyl salicylate
FL/FR
methyl salicylate
FL/FR
peppermint oil america
FL/FR
peppermint oil idaho
FL/FR
musk
ethylene brassylate
FL/FR
musty
ketoiso
phorone
FL/FR
spicy
iso
butyl angelate
FL/FR
4-
ethyl guaiacol
FL/FR
iso
eugenol
FL/FR
eugenol
FL/FR
iso
eugenyl acetate
FL/FR
iso
eugenyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
para-
methoxycinnamaldehyde
FL/FR
alpha-
methyl cinnamaldehyde
FL/FR
methyl heptadienone
FL/FR
alpha-
methyl-(E)-cinnamaldehyde
FL/FR
(E)-
propyl 2-furan acrylate
FL/FR
(E)-
tiglic acid
FL/FR
sweet
vanilla bean absolute (vanilla spp.)
FL/FR
vanilla oleoresin bali
FL/FR
vanilla resinoid
FL/FR
vanilla tahitensis fruit extract
FL/FR
tonka
mint lactone
FL/FR
octahydrocoumarin
FL/FR
tropical
genet absolute
FL/FR
vanilla
ethyl vanillin
FL/FR
ethyl vanillin propylene glycol acetal
FL/FR
propenyl guaethol
FL/FR
vanilla aromatica fruit extract
FL/FR
vanilla bean absolute (vanilla planifolia)
FL/FR
vanilla oleoresin bourbon
FL/FR
vanillin
FL/FR
vanillin propylene glycol acetal
FL/FR
vanillyl acetate
FL/FR
vanillyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
vanillylidene acetone
FL/FR
waxy
ethyl decanoate
FL/FR
ethyl myristate
FL/FR
ethyl octanoate
FL/FR
nonanoic acid
FL/FR
1-
undecanol
FL/FR
woody
2-
methoxy-4-vinyl phenol
FL/FR
For Flavor
acidic
(E)-2-
hexenoic acid
FL
levulinic acid
FL/FR
aldehydic
1-
undecanol
FL/FR
anise
(E)-
anethol
FL/FR
star
anise seed oil terpeneless
FL/FR
ethyl para-anisate
FL/FR
anisic
para-
acetanisole
FL/FR
balsamic
benzyl salicylate
FL/FR
ethyl cinnamate
FL/FR
vanillylidene acetone
FL/FR
berry
heliotropyl acetone
FL/FR
bitter
(E,Z,Z)-2,4,7-
tridecatrienal
FL/FR
brown
furfural
FL/FR
5-
methyl furfural
FL/FR
tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate
FL/FR
(E)-
tiglic acid
FL/FR
burnt
furfuryl alcohol
FL
2,6-
xylenol
FL/FR
caramellic
caramel dione
FL
caramel furanone
FL
caramel furanone solution
FL/FR
caramel pentadione
FL/FR
cyclotene
FL/FR
cyclotene hydrate
FL/FR
ethyl furaneol
FL/FR
ethyl maltol
FL/FR
lucuma flavor
FL
maltol
FL/FR
maltyl propionate
FL/FR
maple distillates
FL
maple furanone
FL/FR
3-
methyl butyl 2-furyl butyrate
FL
pyruvaldehyde
FL
shoyu furanone
FL/FR
strawberry furanone
FL/FR
strawberry furanone acetate
FL/FR
strawberry furanone solution
FL/FR
cheesy
ammonium isovalerate 30% in pg
FL
iso
valeric acid
FL/FR
cherry
para-
methoxycinnamaldehyde
FL/FR
chocolate
bittersweet
chocolate flavor
FL
citrus
lime essence oil
FL/FR
dextro-
limonene
FL/FR
ketoiso
phorone
FL/FR
coconut
massoia bark oil CO2 extract
FL
octahydrocoumarin
FL/FR
delta-
octalactone
FL/FR
coffee
coffee dione
FL/FR
cooling
dextro-
fenchone
FL/FR
peppermint oil america
FL/FR
creamy
acetoin
FL/FR
divanillin
FL
para-
methyl acetophenone
FL/FR
mint lactone
FL/FR
para-
vanillic acid
FL/FR
para-
vanillyl alcohol
FL/FR
veratraldehyde
FL/FR
estery
octyl propionate
FL/FR
ethereal
ethyl acetate
FL/FR
ethyl formate
FL/FR
methyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
fatty
2-
ethyl-1-hexanol
FL/FR
nonanoic acid
FL/FR
2-
octen-1-ol
FL/FR
(E)-2-
octen-1-ol
FL/FR
(E)-2-
octenal
FL/FR
floral
2-
acetyl-5-methyl thiophene
FL
iso
amyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
citronellyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
cocoa pentenal
FL/FR
geranyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
linalyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
methyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
beta-
naphthyl methyl ketone
FL/FR
phenethyl alcohol
FL/FR
phenethyl propionate
FL/FR
rose oil (rosa damascena) russia
FL/FR
rose oil (rosa damascena) turkey
FL/FR
tropical ionone
FL/FR
tuberose absolute (from pommade)
FL/FR
fruity
allyl hexanoate
FL/FR
benzyl acetate
FL/FR
benzyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
iso
butyl acetoacetate
FL/FR
iso
butyl anthranilate
FL/FR
butyl butyrate
FL/FR
iso
butyl butyrate
FL/FR
butyl isovalerate
FL/FR
citronellyl anthranilate
FL/FR
(E)-2-
decenoic acid
FL
ethyl 3-(2-furyl) propanoate
FL/FR
ethyl 3-hexenoate
FL/FR
ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate
FL/FR
ethyl 3-oxohexanoate
FL
ethyl benzoyl acetate
FL/FR
ethyl butyrate
FL/FR
ethyl isovalerate
FL/FR
ethyl lactate
FL/FR
ethyl methyl-para-tolyl glycidate
FL/FR
ethyl propionate
FL/FR
(E,E)-
ethyl sorbate
FL/FR
ethyl valerate
FL/FR
furfuryl valerate
FL
2-
furyl pentyl ketone
FL
fusel oil
FL/FR
3-
heptyl dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone
FL/FR
2-
hexen-1-ol
FL/FR
hexyl acetate
FL/FR
hexyl lactate
FL/FR
hexyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
linalyl isovalerate
FL/FR
linalyl octanoate
FL/FR
menthyl isovalerate
FL/FR
methyl (E)-2-octenoate
FL/FR
methyl (E)-3-nonenoate
FL
methyl 3-hexenoate
FL/FR
methyl 3-nonenoate
FL/FR
methyl anthranilate
FL/FR
2-
methyl butyl acetate
FL/FR
methyl heptanoate
FL/FR
(E,E)-
methyl sorbate
FL
methyl valerate
FL/FR
neryl isobutyrate
FL/FR
2-
pentanone
FL/FR
pineapple hydroxyhexanoate
FL/FR
prenyl acetate
FL/FR
(E)-
propyl 2-furan acrylate
FL/FR
iso
propyl 2-methyl butyrate
FL/FR
iso
propyl butyrate
FL/FR
propyl butyrate
FL/FR
iso
propyl formate
FL/FR
propyl hexanoate
FL/FR
propyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
iso
propyl octanoate
FL/FR
rose butanoate
FL/FR
strawberry glycidate 1 (aldehyde C-16 (so-called))
FL/FR
strawberry glycidate 2
FL/FR
terpinyl valerate
FL/FR
tolualdehydes (mixed o,m,p)
FL/FR
vanilla carboxylate
FL/FR
green
anethum graveolens herb tincture
FL/FR
iso
butyl 2-butenoate
FL/FR
iso
butyl angelate
FL/FR
iso
butyl isovalerate
FL/FR
cucumber essence
FL/FR
2-
ethyl butyraldehyde
FL
(Z)-4-
hepten-1-ol
FL/FR
(E)-2-
heptenal
FL
(Z)-3-
hexen-1-yl salicylate
FL/FR
hexyl benzoate
FL/FR
hexyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
methyl heptadienone
FL/FR
(E,Z)-3,6-
nonadien-1-yl acetate
FL/FR
phenethyl tiglate
FL/FR
3-
propylidene phthalide
FL/FR
terpinyl propionate
FL/FR
hay
genet absolute
FL/FR
herbal
clary sage absolute
FL/FR
lovage tincture
FL/FR
honey
ethyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
dehydrated and ground
honey
FL
honey flavor
FL
propyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
iso
propyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
jammy
ethyl cyclopentenolone
FL/FR
maltyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
medicinal
ethyl benzoate
FL/FR
minty
ethyl salicylate
FL/FR
methyl salicylate
FL/FR
peppermint oil idaho
FL/FR
molasses
molasses blackstrap
FL
mushroom
methional diethyl acetal
FL
musk
ethylene brassylate
FL/FR
phenolic
guaiacyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
potato
sweet
potato flavor
FL
powdery
acetophenone
FL/FR
hydroxycitronellol
FL/FR
praline
praline flavor
FL
rummy
iso
butyl formate
FL/FR
ethyl pyruvate
FL/FR
salty
1-(2-
hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)propan-1-one
FL
smoky
2-
methoxy-4-vinyl phenol
FL/FR
3,4-
xylenol
FL/FR
spicy
iso
eugenol
FL/FR
eugenol
FL/FR
iso
eugenyl acetate
FL/FR
iso
eugenyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
alpha-
methyl cinnamaldehyde
FL/FR
alpha-
methyl-(E)-cinnamaldehyde
FL/FR
perillaldehyde
FL/FR
para-
tolualdehyde
FL/FR
sulfurous
S-
ethyl thioacetate
FL
sweet
acesulfame potassium
FL
acetone alcohol
FL
advantame
FL
agave flavor
FL
alitame anhydrous
FL
aspartame
FL
aspartame-acesulfame salt
FL
corn syrup high fructose
FL
corn syrups
FL
dextrose monohydrate
FL
3',7-
dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavan
FL
ethyl 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl) propionate
FL
glucosyl steviol glycosides
FL
honey enhancer
FL
levulose
FL
luo han fruit concentrate
FL
maltitol
FL
maltose
FL
iso
maltulose
FL
molasses
FL
molasses concentrate
FL
molasses distillates
FL
molasses flavor
FL
laevo-
ornithine hydrochloride
FL
rebaudioside C
FL
rebaudioside C 30%
FL
glucosylated
rubus suavissimus extract, 60% glucosylated rubusoside glycosides
FL
sodium 2-(4-methoxyphenoxy) propionate
FL
dextro-
sorbitol
FL
stevia rebaudiana extract, rebaudioside A 22%
FL
stevia rebaudiana extract, rebaudioside A 60%
FL
stevia rebaudiana extract, rebaudioside A 80%
FL
steviol
FL
steviol glycoside extract, rebaudioside C 22%
FL
enzyme modified
steviol glycosides
FL
stevioside
FL
sucralose
FL
maple
sugar
FL
sugar
FL
sugar cane distillate
FL
sugar extenders
FL
sugar flavor
FL
brown
sugar flavor
FL
burnt
sugar flavor
FL
sugar replacers
FL
sweet & sour candy flavor
FL
sweet flavor
FL
thaumatin b-recombinant
FL
vanilla bean absolute (vanilla spp.)
FL/FR
vanilla concentrate
FL
vanilla oleoresin bali
FL/FR
vanilla resinoid
FL/FR
vanilla tahitensis fruit extract
FL/FR
dextro,laevo-
xylose
FL
tropical
propyl propionate
FL/FR
vanilla
ethyl vanillin
FL/FR
ethyl vanillin propylene glycol acetal
FL/FR
propenyl guaethol
FL/FR
vanilla aromatica fruit extract
FL/FR
vanilla bean absolute (vanilla planifolia)
FL/FR
vanilla oleoresin bourbon
FL/FR
vanillin
FL/FR
vanillin propylene glycol acetal
FL/FR
vanillyl acetate
FL/FR
vanillyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
vegetable
tyramine
FL
waxy
ethyl decanoate
FL/FR
ethyl myristate
FL/FR
ethyl octanoate
FL/FR
alpha-
hexyl cinnamaldehyde
FL/FR
hydroxycitronellal
FL/FR
nonanol
FL/FR
octyl butyrate
FL/FR
4-
phenyl-3-buten-2-ol
FL/FR
propyl heptanoate
FL/FR
rhodinyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
woody
4-
ethyl guaiacol
FL/FR
alpha-
ionol
FL/FR
alpha-
terpinyl methyl ether
FL/FR
 
Potential Uses:
 humectants
FLlicorice
 skin conditioning
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 licorice root
Search Trop Picture
 
Synonyms:
(3b,20b)-20-carboxy-11-oxo-30-norolean-12-en-3-yl 2-O-b-D-glucopyranuronosyl-a-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid
20b-carboxy-11-oxo-30-norolean-12-en-3b-yl-2-O-b-D-glucopyranuronosyl-a-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid
 glycyram
 glycyron
 glycyrrhetinic acid glycoside
 glycyrrhetinic acid, 18 alpha
 glycyrrhetinic acid, 18 beta
18-beta-glycyrrhizic acid
 glycyrrhizin
 glycyrrizin
 potenlini
 

Articles:

PubMed:Liquorice, a unique "guide drug" of traditional Chinese medicine: a review of its role in drug interactions.
PubMed:Exploring the possible metabolism mediated interaction of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract with CYP3A4 and CYP2D6.
PubMed:Toxicologic evaluation of licorice extract as a cigarette ingredient.
PubMed:Mutual interactions among ingredients of betel quid in inducing genotoxicity on Chinese hamster ovary cells.
PubMed:A Review on the Role of Nutraceuticals as Simple as Se(2+) to Complex Organic Molecules Such as Glycyrrhizin That Prevent as Well as Cure Diseases.
PubMed:Glycyrrhizic acid attenuated glycative stress in kidney of diabetic mice through enhancing glyoxalase pathway.
PubMed:Antidepressant-like effects of Xiaochaihutang in a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress.
PubMed:Formulating blackberry leaf mixtures for preparation of infusions with plant derived sources of sweeteners.
PubMed:Ameliorative effect of Pracparatum mungo extract on high cholesterol diets in hamsters.
PubMed:Rikkunshito ameliorates bleomycin-induced acute lung injury in a ghrelin-independent manner.
PubMed:[Simultaneous determination of twelve sweeteners and nine preservatives in foods by solid-phase extraction and LC-MS/MS].
PubMed:[About flavouring substances and flavouring preparations regulation in the field of manufacturing of flavourings and foodstuffs].
PubMed:CDK2 and mTOR are direct molecular targets of isoangustone A in the suppression of human prostate cancer cell growth.
PubMed:Water extract of licorice had anti-viral activity against human respiratory syncytial virus in human respiratory tract cell lines.
PubMed:Subacute toxicity and stability of Soshiho-tang, a traditional herbal formula, in Sprague-Dawley rats.
PubMed:Development of sample preparation method for isoliquiritigenin, liquiritin, and glycyrrhizic acid analysis in licorice by ionic liquids-ultrasound based extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography detection.
PubMed:Anti-inflammatory effect of Sosihotang via inhibition of nuclear factor-kB and mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathways in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.
PubMed:Glycyrrhizic acid and 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid recover glucocorticoid resistance via PI3K-induced AP1, CRE and NFAT activation.
PubMed:Licorice abuse: time to send a warning message.
PubMed:Liquorice reduced cyclosporine bioavailability by activating P-glycoprotein and CYP 3A.
PubMed:Gamma-cyclodextrin production using cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from Bacillus clarkii 7364.
PubMed:Influence of fungal elicitation on glycyrrhizin production in transformed cell cultures of Abrus precatorius Linn.
PubMed:Glycyrrhizic acid and 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid modulate lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response by suppression of NF-κB through PI3K p110δ and p110γ inhibitions.
PubMed:Hexane/ethanol extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and its active compound isoangustone A induce G1 cycle arrest in DU145 human prostate and 4T1 murine mammary cancer cells.
PubMed:Genotoxicity assessment of Pyungwi-san (PWS), a traditional herbal prescription.
PubMed:Is glycyrrhizin sensitivity increased in anorexia nervosa and should licorice be avoided? Case report and review of the literature.
PubMed:Glycyrrhizic acid and 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid inhibit inflammation via PI3K/Akt/GSK3beta signaling and glucocorticoid receptor activation.
PubMed:Hexane-ethanol extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis containing licoricidin inhibits the metastatic capacity of DU145 human prostate cancer cells.
PubMed:Quantification of glycyrrhizin in Glycyrrhiza glabra extract by validated HPTLC densitometry.
PubMed:Inhibition of human renin activity by saponins.
PubMed:EST analysis reveals putative genes involved in glycyrrhizin biosynthesis.
PubMed:Roasted licorice extracts dampen high glucose-induced mesangial hyperplasia and matrix deposition through blocking Akt activation and TGF-beta signaling.
PubMed:Isoangustone A present in hexane/ethanol extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis induces apoptosis in DU145 human prostate cancer cells via the activation of DR4 and intrinsic apoptosis pathway.
PubMed:Dietary exposure to flavouring substances: from screening methods to detailed assessments using food consumption data collected with EPIC-Soft software.
PubMed:Determination of glycyrrhetic acid after consumption of liquorice and application to a fatality.
PubMed:Liquorice alert.
PubMed:[Culture of transgenic Glycyrrhiza uralensis hairy root with licorice squalene synthase (SQS) gene].
PubMed:Rapid in vivo screening system for anti-oxidant activity using bacterial redox sensor strains.
PubMed:Glycyrrhizin and licorice significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of methotrexate in rats.
PubMed:Licorice flavonoids inhibit eotaxin-1 secretion by human fetal lung fibroblasts in vitro.
PubMed:Neuroprotective effects of glycyrrhizic acid and 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid in PC12 cells via modulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.
PubMed:Glycyrrhizic acid modulates t-BHP induced apoptosis in primary rat hepatocytes.
PubMed:Effect of the extracts from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch on the growth characteristics of human cell lines: Anti-tumor and immune activation activities.
PubMed:Bimodal effect of glycyrrhizin on macrophage nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 production.
PubMed:Hexane/ethanol extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis licorice suppresses doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in H9c2 rat cardiac myoblasts.
PubMed:Biotransformation of ginsenoside Rb1, crocin, amygdalin, geniposide, puerarin, ginsenoside Re, hesperidin, poncirin, glycyrrhizin, and baicalin by human fecal microflora and its relation to cytotoxicity against tumor cells.
PubMed:[Hypertension due to liquorice and liquorice tea consumption].
PubMed:[Properties of commercial licorice extracts used as a food additive].
PubMed:Determination of glycyrrhizin in liqueurs by on-line coupled capillary isotachophoresis with capillary zone electrophoresis.
PubMed:Activation of rapid signaling pathways and the subsequent transcriptional regulation for the proliferation of breast cancer MCF-7 cells by the treatment with an extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root.
PubMed:Blockade of cytokine-induced endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression by licorice isoliquiritigenin through NF-kappaB signal disruption.
PubMed:Simultaneous quantification of flavonoids and triterpenoids in licorice using HPLC.
PubMed:Glycyrrhizin.
PubMed:Risk and safety assessment on the consumption of Licorice root (Glycyrrhiza sp.), its extract and powder as a food ingredient, with emphasis on the pharmacology and toxicology of glycyrrhizin.
PubMed:Simultaneous HPLC analysis, with isocratic elution, of glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetic acid in liquorice roots and confectionery products.
PubMed:Rapid detection of glycyrrhizin by immunochromatographic assay.
PubMed:Evaluation of certain food additives.
PubMed:[Analysis of nine kinds of sweeteners in foods by LC/MS].
PubMed:Ultrasound-assisted extraction methodology as a tool to improve the antioxidant properties of herbal drug Xiao-chia-hu-tang.
PubMed:Toxicologic evaluation of licorice extract as a cigarette ingredient.
PubMed:[Simultaneous determination of stevioside, rebaudioside A and glycyrrhizic acid in foods by HPLC].
PubMed:Effects of Sho-saiko-to extract and its components, Baicalin, baicalein, glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetic acid, on pharmacokinetic behavior of salicylamide in carbon tetrachloride intoxicated rats.
PubMed:Cytoprotective effects of Glycyrrhizae radix extract and its active component liquiritigenin against cadmium-induced toxicity (effects on bad translocation and cytochrome c-mediated PARP cleavage).
PubMed:Anti-allergic activity of 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid-3-O-beta-D-glucuronide.
PubMed:Simultaneous identification of soyasaponins and isoflavones and quantification of soyasaponin Bb in soy products, using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Several culinary and medicinal herbs are important sources of dietary antioxidants.
PubMed:Source of arsenic in licorice confectionery products.
PubMed:[Prospect of the development of new bactericidal drugs against Helicobacter pylori for eradication therapy].
PubMed:Efficient method for determining the glycyrrhizin content of fresh and dried roots, and root extracts, of Glycyrrhiza species.
PubMed:Licorice and cancer.
PubMed:Sweetener preference of C57BL/6ByJ and 129P3/J mice.
PubMed:The pharmacokinetics of glycyrrhizic acid evaluated by physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling.
PubMed:Antidiabetic effect of glycyrrhizin in genetically diabetic KK-Ay mice.
PubMed:Isolation and identification of main constituents in an enzymatically hydrolysed licorice extract sweetener.
PubMed:Constituents and their sweetness of food additive enzymatically modified licorice extract.
PubMed:Development of anorexia in concanavalin A-induced hepatitis in mice.
PubMed:A population physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for the inhibition of 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity by glycyrrhetic acid.
PubMed:Inhibition of N-acetyltransferase activity and DNA-2-aminofluorene adducts by glycyrrhizic acid in human colon tumour cells.
PubMed:Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of glycyrrhizic acid, a compound subject to presystemic metabolism and enterohepatic cycling.
PubMed:Effects of Sho-saiko-to extract on liver fibrosis in relation to the changes in hydroxyproline and retinoid levels of the liver in rats.
PubMed:Cytotoxic and non-genotoxic effects of arecoline on human buccal fibroblasts in vitro.
PubMed:Localization of enzymes involved in metabolism of glycyrrhizin in contents of rat gastrointestinal tract.
PubMed:Glycyrrhizic acid in liquorice--evaluation of health hazard.
PubMed:Inhibition of mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium and skin tumor initiating and tumor promoting activities in SENCAR mice by glycyrrhetinic acid: comparison of 18 alpha- and 18 beta-stereoisomers.
PubMed:The determination of glycyrrhizin in selected UK liquorice products.
PubMed:Effects of some purified saponins on transmural potential difference in mammalian small intestine.
PubMed:Teratogenicity study of ammonium glycyrrhizinate in the Sprague-Dawley rat.
PubMed:[Estimation of daily intake of glycyrrhizic acid according to the market basket studies in Japan (I)].
PubMed:[Glycyrrhizin levels in various food stuffs].
PubMed:Tests for mutagenic effects of ammoniated glycyrrhizin, butylated hydroxytoluene, and gum Arabic in rodent germ cells.
PubMed:Tumorigenicity study of disodium glycyrrhizinate administered orally to mice.
 
Notes:
a widely used anti-inflammatory agent isolated from the licorice root. it is metabolized to glycyrrhetinic acid, which inhibits 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and other enzymes involved in the metabolism of corticosteroids. therefore, glycyrrhizic acid, which is the main and sweet component of licorice, has been investigated for its ability to cause hypermineralocorticoidism with sodium retention and potassium loss, edema, increased blood pressure, as well as depression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Isol. from Glycyrrhiza glabra (liquorice). Nutriceutical with anticancer props. Glycyrrhizic acid is a triterpenoid saponin glycoside of glycyrrhetinic acid. It is the main sweet-tasting compound from liquorice root. It is 30–50 times as sweet as sucrose. (Wikipedia)
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