EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

ethyl maltol
3-hydroxy-2-ethyl-4H-pyran-4-one

Supplier Sponsors

Fragrance Demo Formulas
Flavor Demo Formulas
Name:2-ethyl-3-hydroxypyran-4-one
CAS Number: 4940-11-8Picture of molecule3D/inchi
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:225-582-5
FDA UNII: L6Q8K29L05
Nikkaji Web:J35.389B
Beilstein Number:1618110
MDL:MFCD00059795
CoE Number:692
XlogP3-AA:0.80 (est)
Molecular Weight:140.13836000
Formula:C7 H8 O3
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category: flavor enhancers, flavoring agents
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Perfumer and Flavorist:Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
JECFA Food Flavoring:1481 ethyl maltol
JECFA Food Additive: Ethyl Maltol
GSFA Codex: Ethyl maltol (637)
DG SANTE Food Flavourings:07.047 ethyl maltol
FEMA Number:3487 ethyl maltol
FDA:No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF):4940-11-8 ; ETHYL MALTOL
FDA Regulation:
FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION
Subpart F--Flavoring Agents and Related Substances
Sec. 172.515 Synthetic flavoring substances and adjuvants.
 
Physical Properties:
Appearance:white crystalline powder (est)
Assay: 99.00 to 100.00
Heavey Metals:0.002% MAX
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: Yes
Melting Point: 89.00 to 93.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 289.00 to 290.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure:0.000220 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point:> 200.00 °F. TCC ( > 93.33 °C. )
logP (o/w): 0.630
Shelf Life: 24.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly.
Storage:store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light.
Soluble in:
 alcohol, 12%
 benzyl alcohol, 10%
 phenethyl alcohol 5%
 propylene glycol, 5.5%
 water, 2.423e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor Type: caramellic
Odor Strength:high ,
recommend smelling in a 5.00 % solution or less
Substantivity:360 hour(s) at 20.00 % in benzyl alcohol
sweet caramellic jammy strawberry cotton candy berry
Odor Description:at 5.00 % in benzyl alcohol. sweet caramel jam strawberry cotton candy
Luebke, William tgsc, (1996)
Odor sample from: Ungerer & Company, Inc.
sweet sugar caramellic jammy strawberry
Odor Description:Sweet sugary, caramellic, jammy, strawberry-like
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 16, No. 1, 31, (1991)
Flavor Type: caramellic
sweet sugar burnt sugar cotton candy jammy strawberry
Taste Description: at 70.00 ppm. Sweet, burnt cotton sugar candy like, with jammy, strawberry notes
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 16, No. 1, 31, (1991)
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
Moellhausen
ETHYL MALTOL
Odor Description:sweet, fruity
Taste Description:strawberry, caramel
PerfumersWorld
Ethyl Maltol
Odor Description:sweet aromatic burnt cotton sugar candy jamy strawberry note
Pell Wall Perfumes
Ethyl Maltol
Odor Description:sweet, candy-floss / cotton candy, warm, intense
It has a sweet sugary, caramelised, jammy, strawberry-like odour reminiscent of candyfloss. It is a very powerful ingredient normally used at high dilution for sweetening blends or in conjunction with vanilla notes to create a rich, edible scent.
 
Cosmetic Information:
CosIng:cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses: fragrance
perfuming agents
 
Suppliers:
ACS International
Ethyl Maltol
Odor: sweet caramelic jammy strawberry
Operational Capabilities
Advanced Biotech
ETHYL MALTOL SYNTHETIC
99% min.
Odor: Caramel
Anhui Haibei
Ethyl Maltol
Odor: Burning sugar, fruit like, sweet
Anhui Jinghe
ETHYL MALTOL
Aromiens International
Ethyl Maltol
Associate Allied Chemicals
Ethyl Maltol
About
Astral Extracts
Ethyl Maltol
Atlantic Chemicals
Ethyl Maltol
Augustus Oils
Ethyl Maltol
Services
Beijing Lys Chemicals
Ethyl maltol
Berjé
Ethyl Maltol
Media
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Ethyl Maltol
Charkit Chemical
ETHYL MALTOL
Citrus and Allied Essences
Ethyl Maltol FCC
Market Report
De Monchy Aromatics
Ethyl Maltol
Diffusions Aromatiques
ETHYL MALTOL
ECSA Chemicals
ETHYL MALTOL
ECSA TRADE THE MOST UPDATED FINANCIAL PUBLICATION ON THE WORLD OF CHEMISTRY
Ernesto Ventós
ETHYL MALTOL
Odor: SWEET, CARAMEL-LIKE
Excellentia International
Ethyl Maltol FCC
Foodchem International
Ethyl Maltol
Frey + Lau
Ethylmaltol FCC
Odor: Sugary, sweet, association with candy floss
Glentham Life Sciences
Ethyl maltol
Global Essence
Ethyl Maltol
Graham Chemical
Ethyl Maltol
Indenta Group
Ethyl Maltol
Indukern F&F
ETHYL MALTOL
Odor: SWEET, CARAMEL
John Kellys (London)
Ethyl Maltol FCC
K.L. Koh Enterprise
ETHYL MALTOL
Lluch Essence
ETHYL MALTOL
M&U International
NAT. ETHYL MALTOL
M&U International
Ethyl Maltol, Kosher
Moellhausen
ETHYL MALTOL 10%DPG
Moellhausen
ETHYL MALTOL
Odor: sweet, fruity
Flavor: strawberry, caramel
OQEMA
Ethyl Maltol
PCW France
Ethyl Maltol
Steps to a fragranced product
Pearlchem Corporation
Ethyl Maltol
Pell Wall Perfumes
Ethyl Maltol
Odor: sweet, candy-floss / cotton candy, warm, intense
Use: It has a sweet sugary, caramelised, jammy, strawberry-like odour reminiscent of candyfloss. It is a very powerful ingredient normally used at high dilution for sweetening blends or in conjunction with vanilla notes to create a rich, edible scent.
Penta International
ETHYL MALTOL FCC
Penta International
ETHYL MALTOL USP/NF
Penta International
ETHYL MALTOL
Perfumer Supply House
Ethyl Maltol
Odor: Sweet, cotton candy, caramel, raspberry jam, strawberry jam
PerfumersWorld
Ethyl maltol 1% in DPG
PerfumersWorld
Ethyl maltol 5% in DPG
PerfumersWorld
Ethyl Maltol
Odor: sweet aromatic burnt cotton sugar candy jamy strawberry note
Perfumery Laboratory
ETHYLMALTOLE (Ethyl Maltol)
Odor: Sweet, sugar candy, caramel, raspberry jam, strawberry jam
Phoenix Aromas & Essential Oils
Ethyl Maltol
Primechem
Ethyl Maltol
Prinova
Ethyl Maltol
Prodasynth
ETHYL MALTOL
(> 99%)
Odor: SWEET, CARAMEL-LIKE
Flavor: SWEET, FRUITY
Quimdis
Ethyl Maltol
R C Treatt & Co Ltd
Ethyl Maltol
Reincke & Fichtner
Ethyl Maltol
Sigma-Aldrich
Ethyl maltol, ≥99%, FCC, FG
Certified Food Grade Products
Sinofi Food Ingredients
Ethyl Maltol
Flavor: characteristic
Flavoring Agent, Flavor Enhancer, Vape, Cigarette, Fragrance, Processing Aid, Food Antioxidant, Beverages, Ice Cream, Confectionery, Baked Food, Canned Food. Cookies, Chocolate, Dried Fruits, Puddings, Chewing Gum, Fruit Juices, Sauce, Meats, Sausage, Soups, Hard Candy, Alcoholic Beverages, Cosmetic, Pharmaceutical.
SRS Aromatics
ETHYL MALTOL (FG)
SRS Aromatics
ETHYL MALTOL
Sunaux International
Ethyl Maltol
Synerzine
Ethyl Maltol
Taytonn ASCC
Ethyl Maltol
Odor: Caramellic/ Caramel, Sweet
TCI AMERICA
For experimental / research use only.
2-Ethyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyrone
Tengzhou Xiang Yuan Aroma Chemicals
Ethyl Maltol
The Good Scents Company
ethyl maltol
The John D. Walsh Company
Ethyl Maltol
The Lermond Company
ETHYL MALTOL
The Perfumers Apprentice
Ethyl Maltol crystals
Odor: sugar caramel cotton candy
Tianjin Danjun International
Ethyl maltol
Tianjin Talent Chemical
Ethyl Maltol
Ungerer & Company
Ethyl Maltol
United International
Ethyl Maltol
Universal Preserv-A-Chem Inc.
ETHYL MALTOL FCC
Vigon International
Ethyl Maltol
Vistachem
Ethyl Maltol
WEN International
ETHYL MALTOL
Synthetic
WholeChem
Ethyl Maltol
Zanos
Ethyl Maltol
Odor: Sweet and caramel like
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xn - Harmful.
R 22 - Harmful if swallowed.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 22 - Do not breath dust.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection.
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
Acute toxicity, Oral (Category 4), H302
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogramexclamation-mark.jpg
 
Signal word Warning
Hazard statement(s)
H302 - Harmful if swallowed
Precautionary statement(s)
P264 - Wash skin thouroughly after handling.
P270 - Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P301 + P312 - IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.
P330 - Rinse mouth.
P501 - Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant.
Human Experience:
10 % solution: no irritation or sensitization.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 1150 mg/kg
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 15, Pg. 604, 1969.

oral-mouse LD50 780 mg/kg
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 15, Pg. 604, 1969.

oral-chicken LD50 1270 mg/kg
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 15, Pg. 604, 1969.

Dermal Toxicity:
skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg
Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 13, Pg. 805, 1975.

subcutaneous-mouse LD50 910 mg/kg
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin. Vol. 22, Pg. 1008, 1974.

Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
flavor enhancers, flavoring agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
Recommendation for ethyl maltol usage levels up to:
  4.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
 
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 1580.00 (μg/capita/day)
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): 6692.00 (μg/capita/day)
Structure Class: II
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 10
Click here to view publication 10
 average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: -152.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic): -12.40000
beverages(alcoholic): -18.60000
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: -83.00000
condiments / relishes: -15.00000
confectionery froastings: -139.00000
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: -144.00000
fruit ices: -144.00000
gelatins / puddings: -119.00000
granulated sugar: --
gravies: -19.60000
hard candy: -27.90000
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: -15.00000
meat products: -19.60000
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: -19.60000
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --
 
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Flavouring Group Evaluation 213: alpha,beta-Unsaturated alicyclic ketones and precursors from chemical subgroup 2.7 of FGE.19
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 83, Revision 1 (FGE.83Rev1): Consideration of ethyl maltol and two 6-keto-1,4-dioxane derivatives substances evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting)
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 213, Revision 2 (FGE.213Rev2): Consideration of genotoxic potential for a,ß-unsaturated alicyclic ketones and precursors from chemical subgroup 2.7 of FGE.19
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):4940-11-8
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :21059
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:3
2-ethyl-3-hydroxypyran-4-one
Chemidplus:0004940118
RTECS:UQ0840000 for cas# 4940-11-8
 
References:
 2-ethyl-3-hydroxypyran-4-one
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:4940-11-8
Pubchem (cid):21059
Pubchem (sid):134985580
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
CHEMBL:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):C20362
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB31735
FooDB:FDB008403
Export Tariff Code:2932.99.9090
FDA Listing of Food Additive Status:View
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
For Odor
acidic
cyclohexyl acetic acid
FL/FR
2-
methyl-2-pentenoic acid
FL/FR
aldehydic
citrus carbaldehyde
FR
nonanal (aldehyde C-9)
FL/FR
amber
ambroxan
FL/FR
cistus ladaniferus resinoid
FL/FR
anise
anise seed oil colombia
FL/FR
anisic
para-
anisaldehyde
FL/FR
dihydroanethol
FL/FR
balsamic
2-
acetyl furan
FL/FR
iso
amyl benzoate
FL/FR
amyris wood oil
FL/FR
siam
benzoin resinoid
FL/FR
benzyl cinnamate
FL/FR
iso
butyl cinnamate
FL/FR
cinnamyl alcohol
FL/FR
clover nitrile
FR
ethyl cinnamate
FL/FR
fir balsam absolute
FR
methyl cinnamate
FL/FR
3-
phenyl propyl alcohol
FL/FR
berry
raspberry ketone
FL/FR
raspberry ketone acetate
FL/FR
raspberry ketone methyl ether
FL/FR
bready
coffee furanone
FL/FR
buttery
acetoin
FL/FR
acetyl propionyl
FL/FR
3,4-
hexane dione
FL/FR
caramellic
2-iso
butyl-3-methyl pyrazine
FL/FR
2-oxo
butyric acid
FL/FR
caramel pentadione
FL/FR
coffee dione
FL/FR
cyclotene
FL/FR
cyclotene hydrate
FL/FR
diethyl malate
FL/FR
alpha,alpha-
dimethyl anisyl acetone
FL/FR
ethyl 2-hydroxy-2-methyl butyrate
FL/FR
ethyl cyclopentenolone
FL/FR
5-
ethyl-2,3,4,5-tetramethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one
FL/FR
fenugreek absolute
FL/FR
geranyl crotonate
FR
immortelle absolute
FL/FR
levulinic acid
FL/FR
maltol
FL/FR
maltyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
maltyl propionate
FL/FR
maple furanone
FL/FR
menthone lactone
FL/FR
mesitene lactone
FR
5-
methyl furfural
FL/FR
iso
propenyl pyrazine
FL/FR
rosefuran
FL/FR
shoyu furanone
FL/FR
strawberry furanone
FL/FR
strawberry furanone acetate
FL/FR
strawberry furanone solution
FL/FR
toffee furanone
FL/FR
chocolate
iso
amyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
citrus
dihydromyrcenol
FL/FR
blood
orange oil italy
FL/FR
sweet
orange peel oil c.p. brazil
FL/FR
coconut
gamma-
heptalactone
FL/FR
gamma-
nonalactone (aldehyde C-18 (so-called))
FL/FR
gamma-
octalactone
FL/FR
coumarinic
tonka bean resinoid
FR
creamy
gamma-
butyrolactone
FL/FR
ethereal
ethyl 4-pentenoate
FL/FR
ethyl pyruvate
FL/FR
iso
valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal
FL/FR
fermented
ethyl (E)-2-crotonate
FL/FR
floral
acetophenone
FL/FR
bois de rose oil brazil
FL/FR
citronellol
FL/FR
beta-
damascenone
FL/FR
alpha-
damascone
FL/FR
dimethyl benzyl carbinyl acetate
FL/FR
dimethyl benzyl carbinyl butyrate
FL/FR
ethyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
floral pyranol
FR
geraniol
FL/FR
heliotropin
FL/FR
heliotropyl acetate
FL/FR
heliotropyl acetone
FL/FR
linalool oxide
FL/FR
para-
methyl acetophenone
FL/FR
methyl dihydrojasmonate
FL/FR
nonanol
FL/FR
ocean propanal
FL/FR
phenethyl acetate
FL/FR
phenethyl alcohol
FL/FR
phenethyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
phenethyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
phenethyl propionate
FL/FR
rose butanoate
FL/FR
tetrahydrolinalool
FL/FR
fruity
allyl amyl glycolate
FR
iso
amyl butyrate
FL/FR
iso
amyl isovalerate
FL/FR
beta-
damascone
FL/FR
gamma-
decalactone
FL/FR
dimethyl benzyl carbinyl isobutyrate
FR
(E)-
ethyl tiglate
FL/FR
trans-1-
ethyl-2-methyl propyl 2-butenoate
FL/FR
green acetate
FR
psidium guajava pyrifera fruit extract
FL/FR
strawberry glycidate 1 (aldehyde C-16 (so-called))
FL/FR
tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate
FL/FR
gamma-
undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called))
FL/FR
green
iso
amyl 3-(2-furan) propionate
FL/FR
galbanum oil
FL/FR
(Z)-3-
hexen-1-yl acetate
FL/FR
(Z)-3-
hexen-1-yl propionate
FL/FR
hay
beeswax absolute
FL/FR
hay absolute
FR
herbal
butyl levulinate
FL/FR
(S)-
campholene acetate
FL/FR
carum carvi fruit oil
FL/FR
clary sage oil france
FL/FR
honey
methyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
phenyl acetic acid
FL/FR
licorice
(E)-
anethol
FL/FR
melon
watermelon ketone
FR
mossy
veramoss (IFF)
FR
musty
3-
acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan
FL/FR
nutty
2-
acetyl-3,5(or 6)-dimethyl pyrazine
FL/FR
2,3-
dimethyl pyrazine
FL/FR
nutty cyclohexenone
FL/FR
phenolic
4-
methyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol
FL/FR
popcorn
2-
acetyl pyrazine
FL/FR
2-
acetyl pyridine
FL/FR
powdery
para-
anisyl acetate
FL/FR
para-
anisyl alcohol
FL/FR
spicy
cassia bark oil china
FL/FR
clove bud oil
FL/FR
black
currant bud absolute
FL/FR
eugenol
FL/FR
iso
eugenyl acetate
FL/FR
alpha-
methyl cinnamaldehyde
FL/FR
methyl isoeugenol
FL/FR
(E)-
tiglic acid
FL/FR
sweet
vanilla oleoresin bali
FL/FR
terpenic
frankincense oil
FL/FR
tonka
coumarin
FR
gamma-
hexalactone
FL/FR
tonka bean absolute
FR
vanilla
ethyl vanillin
FL/FR
vanilla bean absolute (vanilla planifolia)
FL/FR
vanillyl acetate
FL/FR
vanillyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
vegetable
tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
FL/FR
waxy
decyl acetate
FL/FR
woody
guaiacwood oil
FL/FR
gurjun balsam oil
FR
santall
FR
tobacarol (IFF)
FR
woody acetate
FR
(Z)-
woody amylene
FR
woody propanol
FR
For Flavor
No flavor group found for these
2-
acetyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine
FL
allyl 2-furoate
FL
benzyl disulfide
FL
cistus ladaniferus resinoid
FL/FR
diethyl malate
FL/FR
2,5-
diethyl tetrahydrofuran
FL
alpha,alpha-
dimethyl anisyl acetone
FL/FR
ethyl 2-hydroxy-2-methyl butyrate
FL/FR
ethyl 4-pentenoate
FL/FR
trans-1-
ethyl-2-methyl propyl 2-butenoate
FL/FR
5-
ethyl-2,3,4,5-tetramethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one
FL/FR
furfuryl acetone
FL
menthone lactone
FL/FR
rosefuran
FL/FR
iso
amyl 3-(2-furan) propionate
FL/FR
beta-
damascone
FL/FR
acidic
acidic
levulinic acid
FL/FR
aldehydic
nonanal (aldehyde C-9)
FL/FR
anise
(E)-
anethol
FL/FR
anise seed oil colombia
FL/FR
balsamic
siam
benzoin resinoid
FL/FR
iso
butyl cinnamate
FL/FR
ethyl cinnamate
FL/FR
berry
heliotropyl acetone
FL/FR
raspberry ketone
FL/FR
raspberry ketone acetate
FL/FR
raspberry ketone methyl ether
FL/FR
bready
mango furanone
FL
brown
beeswax absolute
FL/FR
2-oxo
butyric acid
FL/FR
5-
methyl furfural
FL/FR
tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate
FL/FR
(E)-
tiglic acid
FL/FR
burnt
furfuryl alcohol
FL
iso
propenyl pyrazine
FL/FR
buttery
diacetyl
FL
3,4-
hexane dione
FL/FR
caramellic
caramel dione
FL
caramel furanone
FL
caramel pentadione
FL/FR
cyclotene
FL/FR
cyclotene hydrate
FL/FR
5-
ethyl-3,4,5,6-tetramethyl cyclohexen-2-one
FL
fenugreek absolute
FL/FR
maltol
FL/FR
maltyl propionate
FL/FR
maple furanone
FL/FR
3-
methyl butyl 2-furyl butyrate
FL
shoyu furanone
FL/FR
strawberry furanone
FL/FR
strawberry furanone acetate
FL/FR
strawberry furanone solution
FL/FR
toffee furanone
FL/FR
cherry
heliotropin
FL/FR
citrus
blood
orange oil italy
FL/FR
sweet
orange peel oil c.p. brazil
FL/FR
coconut
gamma-
nonalactone (aldehyde C-18 (so-called))
FL/FR
coffee
coffee dione
FL/FR
2-
thiophene thiol
FL
corn chip
2-
acetyl pyridine
FL/FR
2-
acetyl-2-thiazoline
FL
creamy
acetoin
FL/FR
para-
anisaldehyde
FL/FR
gamma-
hexalactone
FL/FR
para-
methyl acetophenone
FL/FR
2-
methyl-4-pentenoic acid
FL
gamma-
undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called))
FL/FR
fatty
(E,E)-2,4-
undecadienal
FL
2,4-
undecadienal
FL
floral
iso
amyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
bois de rose oil brazil
FL/FR
citronellol
FL/FR
dimethyl benzyl carbinyl acetate
FL/FR
dimethyl benzyl carbinyl butyrate
FL/FR
geraniol
FL/FR
heliotropyl acetate
FL/FR
methyl dihydrojasmonate
FL/FR
methyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
ocean propanal
FL/FR
phenethyl alcohol
FL/FR
phenethyl propionate
FL/FR
phenyl acetic acid
FL/FR
tetrahydrolinalool
FL/FR
fruity
iso
amyl benzoate
FL/FR
para-
anisyl acetate
FL/FR
para-
anisyl alcohol
FL/FR
alpha-
damascone
FL/FR
gamma-
decalactone
FL/FR
(E)-
ethyl tiglate
FL/FR
furfuryl valerate
FL
2-
pentanoyl furan
FL
psidium guajava pyrifera fruit extract
FL/FR
rose butanoate
FL/FR
strawberry glycidate 1 (aldehyde C-16 (so-called))
FL/FR
iso
valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal
FL/FR
green
iso
amyl isovalerate
FL/FR
2-iso
butyl-3-methyl pyrazine
FL/FR
cinnamyl alcohol
FL/FR
dihydromyrcenol
FL/FR
galbanum oil
FL/FR
(Z)-3-
hexen-1-yl acetate
FL/FR
(Z)-3-
hexen-1-yl propionate
FL/FR
immortelle absolute
FL/FR
linalool oxide
FL/FR
2-(5-iso
propyl-2-methyltetrahydro-2-thiophenyl)ethyl acetate
FL
herbal
butyl levulinate
FL/FR
carum carvi fruit oil
FL/FR
clary sage oil france
FL/FR
dihydroanethol
FL/FR
5-
hydroxymethyl furfural
FL
honey
ethyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
phenethyl acetate
FL/FR
phenethyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
phenethyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
jammy
(S)-
campholene acetate
FL/FR
ethyl cyclopentenolone
FL/FR
maltyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
lactonic
gamma-
heptalactone
FL/FR
gamma-
octalactone
FL/FR
meaty
2-
mercaptomethyl pyrazine
FL
milky
gamma-
butyrolactone
FL/FR
musty
ethyl (E)-2-crotonate
FL/FR
nutty
2-
acetyl furan
FL/FR
3-
acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan
FL/FR
2-
acetyl-3,5(or 6)-dimethyl pyrazine
FL/FR
3,5(6)-
cocoa pyrazine
FL
coffee furanone
FL/FR
2,3-
dimethyl pyrazine
FL/FR
nutty cyclohexenone
FL/FR
peanut oxazole
FL
tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
FL/FR
phenolic
4-
methyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol
FL/FR
powdery
acetophenone
FL/FR
praline
praline flavor
FL
roasted
2-
acetyl pyrazine
FL/FR
rummy
ethyl pyruvate
FL/FR
sour
2-
methyl-2-pentenoic acid
FL/FR
spicy
benzyl cinnamate
FL/FR
cassia bark oil china
FL/FR
clove bud oil
FL/FR
black
currant bud absolute
FL/FR
eugenol
FL/FR
iso
eugenyl acetate
FL/FR
alpha-
methyl cinnamaldehyde
FL/FR
methyl cinnamate
FL/FR
methyl isoeugenol
FL/FR
3-
phenyl propyl alcohol
FL/FR
sweet
acesulfame potassium
FL
alitame anhydrous
FL
aspartame
FL
aspartame-acesulfame salt
FL
cyclohexyl acetic acid
FL/FR
dextro-
sorbitol
FL
vanilla oleoresin bali
FL/FR
toasted
acetyl propionyl
FL/FR
vanilla
ethyl vanillin
FL/FR
vanilla bean absolute (vanilla planifolia)
FL/FR
vanillyl acetate
FL/FR
vanillyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
waxy
iso
amyl butyrate
FL/FR
decyl acetate
FL/FR
furfuryl octanoate
FL
nonanol
FL/FR
woody
ambroxan
FL/FR
amyris wood oil
FL/FR
beta-
damascenone
FL/FR
frankincense oil
FL/FR
guaiacwood oil
FL/FR
 
Potential Uses:
FRamber
FRbanana
FLbarley
FRbeeswax absolute replacer
FL/FRbenzoin absolute replacer
FRberry jam
FLbread
FLbutter rum
FRbutterscotch
FLcappuccino
FLcaramel
FRcherry black cherry
FLchocolate cacao
FRchristmas
FRcoconut
FLcookie
FRcotton candy
FLcream ice cream
FRdate
FLdurian
FLegg nog
FRelder berry
FRelder flower
FL/FRfenugreek
FRfir balsam
FLfruit punch
FLfruit tropical fruit
FRgingerbread
FRgraham cracker
FRheliotrope
FRhoney
FRhoneysuckle
FL/FRimmortelle
FRincense
FLjackfruit
 jam
FRlabdanum
FRlicorice
FRloganberry
FRmalt
FRmango
FRmaple
FLmarshmallow
FRmelon
FLmilk malted milk
FLmolasses
FRpineapple
FLpraline
FRprune
FRpumpkin pie
FRraisin
FRroot beer
FLsarsaparilla
FLsoda cream soda
FRstrawberry
FLsugar brown sugar
FRsweet grass
FRsweet pea
 toasted
FRtoffee
FRtonka bean
FLtropical
FL/FRvalerian
FRvanilla
FRwallflower
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 not found in nature
 
Synonyms:
 EM-1 crystal grain
 EM-400 crystal grain
 ethyl maltol FCC
 ethyl maltol synthetic
 ethyl maltol USP/NF
2-ethyl pyromeconic acid
2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyrone
2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one
2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-pyran-4-one
2-ethyl-3-hydroxypyran-4-one
 ethylmaltol
3-hydroxy-2-ethyl-1,4-pyrone
3-hydroxy-2-ethyl-4-pyrone
3-hydroxy-2-ethyl-4H-pyran-4-one
3-hydroxy-2-ethyl-gamma-pyrone
4H-pyran-4-one, 2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-
 

Articles:

Info:maltol and related substances
PubMed:Determination of flavor enhancers in milk powder by one-step sample preparation and two-dimensional liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Simultaneous spectrophotometric kinetic determination of four flavor enhancers in foods with the aid of chemometrics.
PubMed:Rapid sample screening method for authenticity controlling vanilla flavors using a CE microchip approach with electrochemical detection.
PubMed:Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants.
PubMed:Sensitization of Escherichia coli to nisin by maltol and ethyl maltol.
PubMed:Neonatal representation of odour objects: distinct memories of the whole and its parts.
PubMed:Differential memory persistence of odor mixture and components in newborn rabbits: competition between the whole and its parts.
PubMed:Determination of flavor enhancers in milk powder by one-step sample preparation and two-dimensional liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Evaluation and comparison of zinc absorption level from 2-Alkyle 3-Hydroxy pyranon-zinc complexes and zinc sulfate in rat in vivo.
PubMed:Electrosprayed core-shell polymer-lipid nanoparticles for active component delivery.
PubMed:Solution equilibria of anticancer ruthenium(II)-(η(6)-p-cymene)-hydroxy(thio)pyr(id)one complexes: impact of sulfur vs. oxygen donor systems on the speciation and bioactivity.
PubMed:The investigation of the binding behavior between ethyl maltol and human serum albumin by multi-spectroscopic methods and molecular docking.
PubMed:Experience influences elemental and configural perception of certain binary odour mixtures in newborn rabbits.
PubMed:Simultaneous spectrophotometric kinetic determination of four flavor enhancers in foods with the aid of chemometrics.
PubMed:Perceptual blending in odor mixtures depends on the nature of odorants and human olfactory expertise.
PubMed:Absorption, transport and insulin-mimetic properties of bis(maltolato)oxovanadium (IV) in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats by integrated mass spectrometric techniques.
PubMed:Proportion of odorants impacts the configural versus elemental perception of a binary blending mixture in newborn rabbits.
PubMed:Rapid sample screening method for authenticity controlling vanilla flavors using a CE microchip approach with electrochemical detection.
PubMed:New lipophilic 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinonate iron(III) complexes: synthesis and EXAFS structural characterisation.
PubMed:Tris(pyronato)- and tris(pyridonato)-ruthenium(III) complexes and solution NMR studies.
PubMed:Vanadium complexes with mixed O,S anionic ligands derived from maltol: synthesis, characterization, and biological studies.
PubMed:Group 13 and lanthanide complexes with mixed O,S anionic ligands derived from maltol.
PubMed:Preparation and characterization of vanadyl complexes with bidentate maltol-type ligands; in vivo comparisons of anti-diabetic therapeutic potential.
PubMed:Sensitization of Escherichia coli to nisin by maltol and ethyl maltol.
PubMed:Platelet labelling with indium-hydroxypyridinone and indium-hydroxypyranone complexes.
PubMed:Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography of non-transferrin-bound iron and some hydroxypyridone and hydroxypyrone chelators.
PubMed:Synthesis and iron(III) binding properties of 3-hydroxypyrid-4-ones derived from kojic acid.
PubMed:Absorption of iron from ferric hydroxypyranone complexes.
PubMed:Lead transport and binding by human erythrocytes in vitro.
PubMed:Zinc improves the filterability of sickle erythrocytes at intermediate oxygen partial pressures.
PubMed:Intracellular free zinc and zinc buffering in human red blood cells.
PubMed:Facilitated uptake of zinc into human erythrocytes. Relevance to the treatment of sickle-cell anaemia.
PubMed:Characteristics of iron(III) uptake by isolated fragments of rat small intestine in the presence of the hydroxypyrones, maltol and ethyl maltol.
PubMed:Effects of the pyrones, maltol and ethyl maltol, on iron absorption from the rat small intestine.
PubMed:Studies on passiflora incarnata dry extract. I. Isolation of maltol and pharmacological action of maltol and ethyl maltol.
PubMed:The metabolism of ethyl maltol and maltol in the dog.
PubMed:Toxicity studies with ethyl maltol.
 
Notes:
Flavour enhancer and flavouring agent, sweetener, 4-6 x potency of 3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one CNF60-X
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