Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Appearance: | colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est) |
Assay: | 85.00 to 100.00 % sum of isomers
|
Additional Assay Information: | min 95% sum of isomers |
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | Yes |
Specific Gravity: | 0.92700 to 0.93500 @ 25.00 °C.
|
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 7.714 to 7.780
|
Specific Gravity: | 0.92800 to 0.93600 @ 20.00 °C.
|
Pounds per Gallon - est.: | 7.731 to 7.798
|
Refractive Index: | 1.49900 to 1.50400 @ 20.00 °C.
|
Boiling Point: | 131.00 °C. @ 13.00 mm Hg
|
Boiling Point: | 237.00 to 238.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
Vapor Pressure: | 0.014000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
Vapor Density: | 7 ( Air = 1 ) |
Flash Point: | > 230.00 °F. TCC ( > 110.00 °C. )
|
logP (o/w): | 3.995 |
Shelf Life: | 24.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly. |
Storage: | refrigerate in tightly sealed containers. |
Soluble in: |
| alcohol | | dipropylene glycol | | fixed oils | | paraffin oil | | water, 1.00E+06 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) |
Insoluble in: |
| glycerin |
Stability: |
| acid cleaner | | alcoholic lotion | | antiperspirant | | deo stick | | detergent perborate | | fabric softener | | hard surface cleaner | | liquid detergent | | non-discoloring in most media | | shampoo | | soap |
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor Type: | floral |
Odor Strength: | medium , recommend smelling in a 10.00 % solution or less |
Odor Description: at 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. | sweet woody floral violet orris tropical fruity |
Substantivity: | 112 Hour(s) |
| |
Cosmetic Information:
Safety Information:
Most important hazard(s): | Xi - Irritant |
|
R 36/38 - Irritating to skin and eyes. R 42/43 - May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36 - Wear suitable protective clothing.
|
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 2277 mg/kg FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series. Vol. 44A, Pg. 46, 1967.
|
Dermal Toxicity: | |
Not determined
|
Inhalation Toxicity: | |
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
Category: | flavor and fragrance agents |
IFRA Other Specification: | <= 2% Pseudoionone |
IFRA: | View Standard |
maximum skin levels for fine fragrances: | | 1.0000 % and are based on the assumption that the fragrance mixture is used at 20% in a consumer product (IFRA Use Level Survey). (IFRA, 2002)
|
Recommendation for alpha-ionone usage levels up to: | | 15.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
|
use level in formulae for use in cosmetics: | | 2.0100 %
|
Dermal Systemic Exposure in Cosmetic Products: | | 0.05 mg/kg/day (IFRA, 2002)
|
|
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 270.00 (μg/capita/day) |
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 150.00 (μg/capita/day) |
Structure Class: | I |
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
publication number: 3 |
Click here to view publication 3 |
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
baked goods: | - | 6.70000 |
beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 2.50000 |
beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
breakfast cereal: | - | - |
cheese: | - | - |
chewing gum: | - | 39.00000 |
condiments / relishes: | - | - |
confectionery froastings: | - | 50.00000 |
egg products: | - | - |
fats / oils: | - | - |
fish products: | - | - |
frozen dairy: | - | 3.60000 |
fruit ices: | - | 3.60000 |
gelatins / puddings: | - | 3.60000 |
granulated sugar: | - | - |
gravies: | - | - |
hard candy: | - | 12.00000 |
imitation dairy: | - | - |
instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
jams / jellies: | - | - |
meat products: | - | - |
milk products: | - | - |
nut products: | - | - |
other grains: | - | - |
poultry: | - | - |
processed fruits: | - | - |
processed vegetables: | - | - |
reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
snack foods: | - | - |
soft candy: | - | - |
soups: | - | - |
sugar substitutes: | - | - |
sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
Flavor & Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) reference(s): |
The FEMA GRAS assessment of alicyclic substances used as flavor ingredients.View pdf |
European Food Safety Athority(efsa): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 213: alpha,beta-Unsaturated alicyclic ketones and precursors from chemical subgroup 2.7 of FGE.19 View page or View pdf |
List of apha, beta-Unsaturated Aldehydes and Ketones representative of FGE.19 substances for Genotoxicity Testing [1] - Statement of the Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing Aids (CEF) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 210: alpha,beta-Unsaturated alicyclic ketones and precursors from chemical subgroup 2.4 of FGE.19[1] View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 210 Revision 2 (FGE.210Rev2): Consideration of genotoxic potential for a,ß-unsaturated alicyclic ketones and precursors from chemical subgroup 2.4 of FGE.19 View page or View pdf |
Safety and efficacy of secondary alicyclic saturated and unsaturated alcohols, ketones, ketals and esters with ketals containing alicyclic alcohols or ketones and esters containing secondary alicyclic alcohols from chemical group 8 when used as flavourings for all animal species View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 210 Revision 3 (FGE.210Rev3): Consideration of genotoxic potential for a,ß-unsaturated alicyclic ketones and precursors from chemical subgroup 2.4 of FGE.19 View page or View pdf |
EPI System: | View |
Cancer Citations: | Search |
Toxicology Citations: | Search |
Env. Mutagen Info. Center: | Search |
NLM Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity: | Search |
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 127-41-3 |
EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 5282108 |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
WGK Germany: | 2 |
| (E)-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohex-2-enyl)but-3-en-2-one |
Chemidplus: | 0000127413 |
RTECS: | EN0525000 for cas# 127-41-3 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
|
For Odor |
No odor group found for these |
| atractylis absolute | FR |
lowbush | blueberries | CS |
red | currant juice concentrate | |
pseudo | methyl ionone | CS |
pseudo-iso | methyl ionone | CS |
4-(1- | propenyl) pyridine | |
| raspberry distillates | FL/FR |
(E)-beta- | methyl ionone | FL/FR |
acidic |
2- | methyl-2-pentenoic acid | FL/FR |
aldehydic |
2,6- | dimethyl-2,18-nonadecadien-8-one | |
| dodecanal (aldehyde C-12 lauric) | FL/FR |
| nonanal (aldehyde C-9) | FL/FR |
10- | undecenal (aldehyde C-11 undecylenic) | FL/FR |
animal |
| animal carbolactone | FR |
| costus valerolactone | FR |
para- | cresyl caprylate | FL/FR |
balsamic |
iso | amyl benzoate | FL/FR |
iso | amyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| amyris wood oil | FL/FR |
| benzyl benzoate | FL/FR |
iso | butyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| cinnamyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| ethyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| guaiacyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| methyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
3- | phenyl propyl alcohol | FL/FR |
iso | propyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
berry |
| blackberry infusions | FL/FR |
| blueberry infusions | FL/FR |
sec- | butyl ethyl ether | FL/FR |
black | currant infusions | FL/FR |
| raspberry essence | FL/FR |
| raspberry infusions | FL/FR |
| raspberry ketone | FL/FR |
| raspberry ketone acetate | FL/FR |
| raspberry ketone methyl ether | FL/FR |
| rubus fruticosus fruit extract | FL/FR |
caramellic |
| maltol | FL/FR |
| strawberry furanone acetate | FL/FR |
citrus |
| citrus woody floral fragrance | FR |
| myrcenyl acetate | FL/FR |
earthy |
(Z)- | linalool oxide (furanoid) | FL/FR |
ethereal |
iso | propyl formate | FL/FR |
iso | valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
floral |
| acetal 318 | FR |
alpha- | amyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| amyl cyclopentenone | CS |
iso | amyl salicylate | FL/FR |
para- | anisyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| benzyl acetate | FL/FR |
| benzyl formate | FL/FR |
| blue lagoon fragrance | FR |
| bois de rose oil brazil | FL/FR |
| cassie absolute | FL/FR |
| cassie concrete | FR |
| cassis specialty | FR |
| citronellol | FL/FR |
| citronellyl formate | FL/FR |
| coriander seed oil | FL/FR |
black | currant bud concrete | FL/FR |
| cyclamen aldehyde | FL/FR |
| cyclohexyl ethyl alcohol | FL/FR |
alpha- | damascone | FL/FR |
delta- | damascone | FL/FR |
9- | decen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| dihydro-alpha-ionone | FL/FR |
| dihydrojasmone | FL/FR |
| dihydrolinalool | FL/FR |
2',4'- | dimethyl acetophenone | FL/FR |
| dimethyl alpha-ionone | FR |
| dimethyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| dimethyl benzyl carbinyl acetate | FL/FR |
| dimethyl benzyl carbinyl butyrate | FL/FR |
2,4- | dimethyl cyclohexyl methyl acetate | FR |
4- | dimethyl ionone | FR |
2,4- | dimethyl-alpha-allyl-3-cyclohexene methanol | |
4,6- | dimethyl-alpha-allyl-3-cyclohexene methanol | |
| elder flower wood specialty | FR |
| epoxylinalyl acetate | |
| ethyl linalyl acetate | FR |
| ethyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
iso | eugenyl ethyl acetal | FR |
| floral pyranol | FR |
| gardenia oxide | FR |
| geraniol | FL/FR |
| heliotropyl acetate | FL/FR |
| heliotropyl acetone | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl salicylate | FL/FR |
alpha- | hexyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| hyacinth ether | FR |
| hydroxycitronellal | FL/FR |
beta- | ionol | FL/FR |
(E)-beta- | ionone | FL/FR |
| ionone mixed isomers | FL/FR |
alpha- | ionyl acetate | FR |
beta- | ionyl acetate | FL/FR |
alpha- | irone | FL/FR |
| lavandula angustifolia flower oil | FL/FR |
| lavender oil france | FL/FR |
| lavender oil greece | FL/FR |
| leerall | FR |
| linalool | FL/FR |
laevo- | linalool | FL/FR |
| linalool oxide | FL/FR |
| melaleuca ericifolia leaf oil | FR |
| methyl dihydrojasmonate | FL/FR |
beta-iso | methyl ionone | FL/FR |
N- | methyl ionone | FR |
alpha-iso | methyl ionone (50% min.) | FL/FR |
alpha-iso | methyl ionone (60% min.) | FL/FR |
alpha-iso | methyl ionone (70% min.) | FL/FR |
alpha-iso | methyl ionone (80% min.) | FL/FR |
alpha-iso | methyl ionone (90% min.) | FL/FR |
2- | methyl naphthalene | FL/FR |
4- | methyl-2-(2-methyl propyl)-1,3-oxathiane | |
| mimosa concrete france | FL/FR |
| mimosa tenuiflora leaf extract | FL/FR |
| muguet carboxaldehyde | FR |
| muguet octadienol | FR |
| nerol | FL/FR |
| nerolidol | FL/FR |
| nonanol | FL/FR |
| ocean propanal | FL/FR |
bitter | orangeflower concrete | FR |
| orris butenone | FR |
| orris pyridine 25% IPM | FR |
| orris rhizome absolute (iris germanica) | FL/FR |
| orris rhizome absolute (iris pallida) | FL/FR |
| orris rhizome absolute replacer | FR |
| orris rhizome concrete butter (iris pallida) | FL/FR |
| orris rhizome resinoid (iris pallida) | FL/FR |
| peony alcohol | FR |
| petitgrain cedrat oil | FL/FR |
| petitgrain oil terpenes | FR |
| phenethyl acetate | FL/FR |
| phenethyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| phenethyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| phenethyl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| phenethyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| rhodinol | FL/FR |
| rhodinyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| rhodinyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| rose butanoate | FL/FR |
| rose concrete (rosa centifolia) | FR |
| styralyl formate | FL/FR |
| styralyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| tetrahydroionol | FR |
| tetrahydrolinalool | FL/FR |
| tobacco flower absolute | FR |
| vetiver pentanone | FR |
| violet flower absolute | FL/FR |
| violet methyl carbonate | FR |
fruity |
| allyl amyl glycolate | FR |
| allyl cyclohexyl propionate | FL/FR |
| artemisia pallens herb oil | FL/FR |
| benzyl propionate | FL/FR |
| blueberry essence | FL/FR |
| boysenberry essence | FL/FR |
| butyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| butyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
iso | butyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
2-iso | butyl-5-methyl thiazole | |
neo | caspirene | FL/FR |
red | currant essence | FL/FR |
black | currant essence | FL/FR |
beta- | damascone | FL/FR |
gamma- | decalactone | FL/FR |
1,4- | diisopropyl-6,8-dioxabicyclo(3.2.1)octane | FR |
| dimethyl benzyl carbinyl isobutyrate | FR |
| ethyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
2- | ethyl butyl 2-butenoate | |
| ethyl valerate | FL/FR |
| filbert hexenone | FL/FR |
| geranyl methyl tiglate | |
| green acetate | FR |
| heptyl butyrate | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl anthranilate | FL/FR |
beta- | ionone epoxide | FL/FR |
| kiwi specialty | FR |
| linalool oxide acetates | FL/FR |
| lychee fragrance | FR |
| maltyl acetate | FL/FR |
| maltyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| methyl cyclohexyl acetate | FR |
| octyl propionate | FL/FR |
| osmanthus flower absolute | FL/FR |
| passion fruit fragrance | FR |
| perillyl acetate | FL/FR |
iso | propyl propionate | FL/FR |
black | raspberry essence | FL/FR |
red | raspberry essence | FL/FR |
| ribes nigrum fruit extract | FL/FR |
| ribes rubrum fruit extract | FL/FR |
| sambucus canadensis fruit absolute | FL/FR |
| strawberry glycidate 1 (aldehyde C-16 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| strawberry glycidate 2 | FL/FR |
| strawberry infusions | FL/FR |
| tropical ionone | FL/FR |
gamma- | undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
green |
| ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate | FL/FR |
2- | ethylidene-6-methyl-cis-3-heptenal | |
| galbanum specialty | FR |
iso | green methanoindene | FR |
| heptanal dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl benzoate | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl heptine carbonate | |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl isovalerate | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl methyl carbonate | FL/FR |
| hexen-1-yl oxypropane nitrile | FR |
(E)-2- | hexen-1-yl salicylate | FR |
| hexyl hexanoate | FL/FR |
(Z)- | leaf acetal | FL/FR |
| melon nonenoate | FL/FR |
para- | methyl hydratropaldehyde | FL/FR |
1- | penten-3-ol | FL/FR |
| phenoxyethyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| phenyl acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
3- | phenyl propionaldehyde | FL/FR |
| styralyl acetate | FL/FR |
2,2,4- | trimethyl-1,3-oxathiane | |
| violet decenol | FR |
| violet dienyne | FR |
| violet leaf absolute | FL/FR |
| violet leaf concrete | FR |
| violet nitrile | FR |
hay |
| beeswax absolute | FL/FR |
herbal |
| barosma betulina leaf oil | FL/FR |
| calendula officinalis flower oil CO2 extract | FR |
| carum carvi fruit oil | FL/FR |
| clary sage oil france | FL/FR |
| daucus carota fruit oil | FL/FR |
| freesia heptanol | FL/FR |
| immortelle flower oil | FL/FR |
| marigold pot flower oil | FL/FR |
(E)-6- | methyl-3-hepten-2-one | FL/FR |
| viridiflorol | FL/FR |
melon |
| watermelon ketone | FR |
mossy |
| moss specialty | FR |
| veramoss (IFF) | FR |
musk |
| amyris specialty | FR |
| ethylene brassylate | FL/FR |
naphthyl |
beta- | naphthyl ethyl ether | FL/FR |
orris |
| orris capronate | FL/FR |
powdery |
para- | anisyl acetate | FL/FR |
para- | anisyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| dimethyl ionone | FR |
alpha- | methyl ionone | FL/FR |
(E)-alpha- | methyl ionone (44-50%) | FL/FR |
(E)-alpha- | methyl ionone (50-60%) | FL/FR |
(E)-alpha- | methyl ionone (74-80%) | FL/FR |
rummy |
| rum extract | FL/FR |
soapy |
| ambrettolide | FL/FR |
black | currant bud absolute | FL/FR |
iso | eugenol | FL/FR |
iso | eugenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| methyl isoeugenol | FL/FR |
| pimenta acris leaf oil | FL/FR |
| safrole | CS |
white | sassafras oil | FL/FR |
| spicy carbonate | FR |
| buchu mercaptan | FL/FR |
| lychee mercaptan acetate | FL/FR |
(S)-1- | methoxy-3-heptane thiol | FL/FR |
| passiflora acetate | FL/FR |
S- | tropical 2-thiobutyrate | FL/FR |
4- | tropical oxathiane | FL/FR |
terpenic |
alpha- | terpineol | FL/FR |
tonka |
| tonka bean absolute | FR |
tropical |
cis- | galbanum oxathiane | FL/FR |
| hexyl 2-methyl-3-pentenoate | FL/FR |
3- | nonen-4-olide | FL/FR |
| passiflora edulis fruit extract | FL/FR |
| passiflora edulis fruit water | FL/FR |
| pina colada fragrance | FR |
| triflaige A (ZEON) | FR |
| tropical 3-thiobutyrate | FL/FR |
vanilla |
| vanilla bean absolute (vanilla planifolia) | FL/FR |
waxy |
| allyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| ethyl myristate | FL/FR |
| myristyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| orris rhizome oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
woody |
| anthocephalus cadamba oil | FR |
| bois de rose leaf oil brazil | FL/FR |
| cabreuva wood oil | FR |
| chloranthus spicatus absolute | FR |
| convolvulus scoparius wood oil | FR |
2- | decalinyl acetate | FR |
| diethyl dimethyl-2-cyclohexenone | FR |
| dihydro-beta-ionol | FL/FR |
| dihydro-beta-ionone | FL/FR |
3',4'- | dimethoxyacetophenone | |
10-epi-gamma- | eudesmol | |
| gurjun balsam oil | FR |
| homalomena rubescens root oil | FR |
| methyl cedryl ketone | FL/FR |
3- | methyl pentyl angelate | FR |
| myrtenyl isobutyrate | |
| patchouli ethanone | FR |
| patchouli oil | FL/FR |
| sandal octanol | FR |
| santall | FR |
| santalyl acetate | FL/FR |
| tobacarol (IFF) | FR |
| violet propanol | FR |
| woody acetate | FR |
(Z)- | woody amylene | FR |
| zdravetz absolute | FR |
| zdravetz oil | FL/FR |
yeasty |
2- | octen-4-one | FL/FR |
|
For Flavor |
|
No flavor group found for these |
sec- | butyl ethyl ether | FL/FR |
2-iso | butyl-5-methyl thiazole | |
alpha- | campholene acetate | FL |
neo | caspirene | FL/FR |
| dihydro-beta-ionol | FL/FR |
2',4'- | dimethyl acetophenone | FL/FR |
2,6- | dimethyl-2,18-nonadecadien-8-one | |
S-(2,5- | dimethyl-3-furyl) ethane thioate | FL |
| epoxylinalyl acetate | |
| ethyl 2-(methyl thio) acetate | FL |
2- | ethyl butyl 2-butenoate | |
2- | ethylidene-6-methyl-cis-3-heptenal | |
10-epi-gamma- | eudesmol | |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl heptine carbonate | |
beta- | ionone epoxide | FL/FR |
| ionone mixed isomers | FL/FR |
(Z)- | linalool oxide (furanoid) | FL/FR |
| linalool oxide acetates | FL/FR |
| marigold pot flower oil | FL/FR |
| methyl 2-(methyl thio) acetate | FL |
beta-iso | methyl ionone | FL/FR |
(E)-beta- | methyl ionone | FL/FR |
(E)-alpha- | methyl ionone (44-50%) | FL/FR |
(E)-alpha- | methyl ionone (50-60%) | FL/FR |
alpha-iso | methyl ionone (60% min.) | FL/FR |
4- | methyl-2-(2-methyl propyl)-1,3-oxathiane | |
(E)-6- | methyl-3-hepten-2-one | FL/FR |
| myristyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| myrtenyl isobutyrate | |
3- | nonen-4-olide | FL/FR |
S- | prenyl thioisobutyrate | FL |
S- | prenyl thioisovalerate | FL |
white | sassafras oil | FL/FR |
| sorbyl propionate | FL |
| styralyl formate | FL/FR |
| styralyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
2,2,4- | trimethyl-1,3-oxathiane | |
S- | tropical 2-thiobutyrate | FL/FR |
| viridiflorol | FL/FR |
| zdravetz oil | FL/FR |
|
| acai fruit juice concentrate | FL |
| allyl thiohexanoate | FL |
beta- | damascone | FL/FR |
aldehydic |
| nonanal (aldehyde C-9) | FL/FR |
animal |
para- | cresyl caprylate | FL/FR |
anisic |
para- | anisyl butyrate | FL/FR |
balsamic |
| benzyl benzoate | FL/FR |
iso | butyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| ethyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
iso | propyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
berry |
| acai fruit concentrate | FL |
| blackberry flavor | FL |
| blackberry infusions | FL/FR |
| blueberry enhancer | FL |
| blueberry essence | FL/FR |
| blueberry flavor | FL |
| blueberry infusions | FL/FR |
| blueberry juice concentrate | FL |
| blueberry puree | FL |
| blueberry puree concentrate | FL |
| boysenberry flavor | FL |
red | currant flavor | FL |
black | currant flavor | FL |
black | currant infusions | FL/FR |
red | currant juice concentrate | |
black | currant juice concentrate | FL |
| dihydro-alpha-ionone | FL/FR |
| gooseberry flavor | FL |
| heliotropyl acetone | FL/FR |
| huckleberry flavor | FL |
| maltyl acetate | FL/FR |
| maltyl butyrate | FL/FR |
(S)-1- | methoxy-3-heptane thiol | FL/FR |
| mulberry flavor | FL |
| perillyl acetate | FL/FR |
| prunus spinosa extract | FL |
| raspberry distillates | FL/FR |
| raspberry enhancer | FL |
| raspberry essence | FL/FR |
red | raspberry flavor | FL |
| raspberry flavor | FL |
black | raspberry flavor | FL |
| raspberry flavor for chocolate | FL |
| raspberry infusions | FL/FR |
| raspberry ketone | FL/FR |
| raspberry ketone acetate | FL/FR |
| raspberry ketone methyl ether | FL/FR |
| rubus fruticosus fruit extract | FL/FR |
| rubus fruticosus fruit juice | FL |
| rubus idaeus fruit extract | FL |
brown |
| beeswax absolute | FL/FR |
caramellic |
| maltol | FL/FR |
| strawberry furanone acetate | FL/FR |
cheesy |
| methyl ketones | FL |
citrus |
| freesia heptanol | FL/FR |
laevo- | linalool | FL/FR |
| linalool | FL/FR |
| myrcenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| nerol | FL/FR |
| petitgrain cedrat oil | FL/FR |
alpha- | terpineol | FL/FR |
creamy |
| triacetin | FL |
gamma- | undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
cucumber |
2- | ethyl octine carbonate | FL |
estery |
| octyl propionate | FL/FR |
fatty |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl benzoate | FL/FR |
10- | undecenal (aldehyde C-11 undecylenic) | FL/FR |
floral |
iso | amyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| bois de rose leaf oil brazil | FL/FR |
| bois de rose oil brazil | FL/FR |
| citronellol | FL/FR |
| dihydrojasmone | FL/FR |
| dihydrolinalool | FL/FR |
| dimethyl benzyl carbinyl acetate | FL/FR |
| dimethyl benzyl carbinyl butyrate | FL/FR |
2,4- | dimethyl-alpha-allyl-3-cyclohexene methanol | |
4,6- | dimethyl-alpha-allyl-3-cyclohexene methanol | |
| geraniol | FL/FR |
| heliotropyl acetate | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl anthranilate | FL/FR |
beta- | ionol | FL/FR |
| methyl dihydrojasmonate | FL/FR |
alpha-iso | methyl ionone (50% min.) | FL/FR |
alpha-iso | methyl ionone (70% min.) | FL/FR |
(E)-alpha- | methyl ionone (74-80%) | FL/FR |
alpha-iso | methyl ionone (80% min.) | FL/FR |
alpha-iso | methyl ionone (90% min.) | FL/FR |
| mimosa concrete france | FL/FR |
| mimosa tenuiflora leaf extract | FL/FR |
| ocean propanal | FL/FR |
| orris rhizome concrete butter (iris pallida) | FL/FR |
| orris rhizome resinoid (iris pallida) | FL/FR |
| phenethyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| phenethyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| rhodinol | FL/FR |
| rhodinyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| rhodinyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrolinalool | FL/FR |
| tropical ionone | FL/FR |
| violet flower absolute | FL/FR |
fruity |
| acai flavor | FL |
| acai fruit distillates | FL |
| allyl cyclohexyl propionate | FL/FR |
iso | amyl benzoate | FL/FR |
para- | anisyl acetate | FL/FR |
para- | anisyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| artemisia pallens herb oil | FL/FR |
| benzyl acetate | FL/FR |
| benzyl formate | FL/FR |
| benzyl propionate | FL/FR |
| boysenberry essence | FL/FR |
| boysenberry puree | FL |
| boysenberry puree concentrate | FL |
| butyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| butyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
iso | butyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| citronellyl formate | FL/FR |
black | currant bud concrete | FL/FR |
black | currant essence | FL/FR |
red | currant essence | FL/FR |
alpha- | damascone | FL/FR |
gamma- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| dimethyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| ethyl (E)-2-methyl-2-pentenoate | FL |
| ethyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| ethyl valerate | FL/FR |
| filbert hexenone | FL/FR |
| geranyl methyl tiglate | |
| hexyl 2-methyl-3-pentenoate | FL/FR |
| hexyl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| lingonberry flavor | FL |
3- | mercaptohexyl hexanoate | FL |
alpha- | methyl ionone | FL/FR |
| osmanthus flower absolute | FL/FR |
| passion fruit distillates | FL |
| pomegranate distillates | FL |
iso | propyl formate | FL/FR |
iso | propyl propionate | FL/FR |
red | raspberry distillates | FL |
red | raspberry essence | FL/FR |
black | raspberry essence | FL/FR |
red | raspberry juice concentrate | FL |
black | raspberry juice concentrate | FL |
black | raspberry puree | FL |
red | raspberry puree | FL |
red | raspberry puree concentrate | FL |
black | raspberry puree concentrate | FL |
| ribes nigrum fruit extract | FL/FR |
| ribes rubrum fruit extract | FL/FR |
| rose butanoate | FL/FR |
| sambucus canadensis fruit absolute | FL/FR |
ripe | strawberry flavor | FL |
| strawberry glycidate 1 (aldehyde C-16 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| strawberry glycidate 2 | FL/FR |
| strawberry infusions | FL/FR |
| styralyl acetate | FL/FR |
4- | tropical oxathiane | FL/FR |
iso | valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
green |
iso | amyl salicylate | FL/FR |
| cinnamyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| cyclamen aldehyde | FL/FR |
| cyclohexyl ethyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate | FL/FR |
cis- | galbanum oxathiane | FL/FR |
| heptanal dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| heptyl butyrate | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl isovalerate | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl methyl carbonate | FL/FR |
(Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl salicylate | FL/FR |
(Z)- | leaf acetal | FL/FR |
| linalool oxide | FL/FR |
| melon nonenoate | FL/FR |
| methyl 2-undecynoate | FL |
para- | methyl hydratropaldehyde | FL/FR |
| nerolidol | FL/FR |
1- | penten-3-ol | FL/FR |
| phenoxyethyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| phenyl acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
3- | phenyl propionaldehyde | FL/FR |
4-(1- | propenyl) pyridine | |
| violet leaf absolute | FL/FR |
herbal |
| barosma betulina leaf oil | FL/FR |
| buchu oil fractions | FL |
| carum carvi fruit oil | FL/FR |
| clary sage oil france | FL/FR |
| coriander seed oil | FL/FR |
| daucus carota fruit oil | FL/FR |
| immortelle flower oil | FL/FR |
| lavandula angustifolia flower oil | FL/FR |
| lavender oil france | FL/FR |
| lavender oil greece | FL/FR |
honey |
| ethyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| phenethyl acetate | FL/FR |
| phenethyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
juicy |
| lychee mercaptan acetate | FL/FR |
musk |
| ethylene brassylate | FL/FR |
oily |
2- | methyl naphthalene | FL/FR |
| tetrahydrofurfuryl propionate | FL |
orris |
| orris capronate | FL/FR |
phenolic |
| guaiacyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
powdery |
beta- | naphthyl ethyl ether | FL/FR |
rummy |
| rum extract | FL/FR |
soapy |
| ambrettolide | FL/FR |
| dodecanal (aldehyde C-12 lauric) | FL/FR |
sour |
2- | methyl-2-pentenoic acid | FL/FR |
spicy |
| benzylidene acetone | FL |
| cassie absolute | FL/FR |
black | currant bud absolute | FL/FR |
iso | eugenol | FL/FR |
iso | eugenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| methyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| methyl isoeugenol | FL/FR |
3- | phenyl propyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| pimenta acris leaf oil | FL/FR |
sulfurous |
| buchu mercaptan | FL/FR |
| methyl 2-(methyl thio) butyrate | FL |
| methyl thiomethyl butyrate | FL |
| tropical 3-thiobutyrate | FL/FR |
sweet |
| orris rhizome absolute (iris germanica) | FL/FR |
| orris rhizome absolute (iris pallida) | FL/FR |
tropical |
alpha- | amyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| anacardium occidentale fruit puree | FL |
3- | mercaptohexyl butyrate | FL |
| passiflora acetate | FL/FR |
| passiflora edulis fruit extract | FL/FR |
| passiflora edulis fruit water | FL/FR |
vanilla |
| vanilla bean absolute (vanilla planifolia) | FL/FR |
vegetable |
2- | octen-4-one | FL/FR |
waxy |
| allyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
9- | decen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| ethyl myristate | FL/FR |
alpha- | hexyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| hydroxycitronellal | FL/FR |
| nonanol | FL/FR |
| phenethyl hexanoate | FL/FR |
woody |
| amyris wood oil | FL/FR |
delta- | damascone | FL/FR |
| dihydro-beta-ionone | FL/FR |
3',4'- | dimethoxyacetophenone | |
(E)-beta- | ionone | FL/FR |
beta- | ionyl acetate | FL/FR |
alpha- | irone | FL/FR |
| methyl cedryl ketone | FL/FR |
| orris rhizome oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| patchouli oil | FL/FR |
| santalyl acetate | FL/FR |
|
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| alphaline 70 | 3- | buten-2-one, 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-, (3E)- | (E)-alpha- | cyclocitrylidene acetone | trans-alpha- | cyclocitrylidene acetone | | ionanthem | (±)-(E)-alpha- | ionone | (±)-trans-alpha- | ionone | (E)-a- | ionone | (E)-alpha- | ionone | a- | ionone | nat.alpha- | ionone | trans-alpha- | ionone | alpha- | ionone (natural) | alpha- | ionone 50% in ETOH natural | alpha- | ionone 60 | alpha- | ionone 70 | alpha- | ionone 80 | alpha- | ionone 90 | alpha- | ionone 90%, (naturals) | | ionone alpha | | ionone alpha regular | | ionone alpha white coeur | alpha- | ionone BRI | alpha- | ionone extra | alpha- | ionone natural | alpha- | ionone refined | alpha- | ionone white coeur | alpha- | ionone, natural | alpha- | ionone, refined | alpha- | ionone, regular | | irisone alpha | | irisone alpha extra white | (E)-4-(2,6,6- | trimethyl-1-cyclohex-2-enyl)but-3-en-2-one | (E)-(±)-4,2,6,6- | trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl-3-buten-2-one | trans-4,2,6,6- | trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl-3-buten-2-one | (3E)-4-(2,6,6- | trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one | (E)-(±)-4-(2,6,6- | trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one | (E)-(1)-4-(2,6,6- | trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one | (E)-4-(2,6,6- | trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one | (3E)-(±)-4-(2,6,6- | trimethyl-4-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one | (3E)-4-(2,6,6- | trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)but-3-en-2-one | (3E)-4-(2,6,6- | trimethylcyclohex-2-enyl)but-3-en-2-one |
Articles:
PubMed: | Comparison of aroma active and sulfur volatiles in three fragrant rice cultivars using GC-olfactometry and GC-PFPD. |
J-Stage: | Highly Selective and Asymmetric Reductive Biotransformation of a-Ionone by Epicoccum purpurascens |
PubMed: | Formation of norisoprenoid flavor compounds in carrot (Daucus carota L.) roots: characterization of a cyclic-specific carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1 gene. |
J-Stage: | Antifungal Compounds from the Root and Root Exudate of Zea mays |
PubMed: | Selective oxidation reactions of natural compounds with hydrogen peroxide mediated by methyltrioxorhenium. |
PubMed: | Evaluation of the volatile composition and sensory properties of five species of microalgae. |
PubMed: | Functional characterisation of three members of the Vitis vinifera L. carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase gene family. |
PubMed: | NIS-PPh3: a selective reagent for the spiroannulation of o-allyl phenols. Total synthesis of corallidictyal D. |
PubMed: | Isolation of the four methyl jasmonate stereoisomers and their effects on selected chiral volatile compounds in red raspberries. |
PubMed: | Highly selective and asymmetric reductive biotransformation of α-ionone by Epicoccum purpurascens. |
PubMed: | Essential oils from the leaves of six medicinal plants of Nigeria. |
PubMed: | [Influence of processing methods on the chemical composition of the essential oil from Aucklandia lappa]. |
PubMed: | Essential oil composition of Ficus benjamina (Moraceae) and Irvingia barteri (Irvingiaceae). |
PubMed: | A practical, enantiospecific synthesis of (S)-trans-gamma-monocyclofarnesol. |
PubMed: | Profiling and characterization of volatile components from non-fumigated and sulfur-fumigated Flos Lonicerae Japonicae using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry coupled with chemical group separation. |
PubMed: | Antitrypanosomal compounds from the essential oil and extracts of Keetia leucantha leaves with inhibitor activity on Trypanosoma brucei glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. |
PubMed: | Quantification by solid phase micro extraction and stable isotope dilution assay of norisoprenoid compounds in red wines obtained from Piedmont rare varieties. |
PubMed: | Environmental and seasonal influences on red raspberry flavour volatiles and identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) and candidate genes. |
PubMed: | Free energy calculations give insight into the stereoselective hydroxylation of α-ionones by engineered cytochrome P450 BM3 mutants. |
PubMed: | A Practical Chemo-enzymatic Approach to Highly Enantio-Enriched 10-Ethyl-7,8-dihydro-γ-ionone Isomers: A Method for the Synthesis of 4,5-Didehydro-α-Ionone. |
PubMed: | Biosynthesis of α- and β-ionone, prominent scent compounds, in flowers of Osmanthus fragrans. |
PubMed: | CYP264B1 from Sorangium cellulosum So ce56: a fascinating norisoprenoid and sesquiterpene hydroxylase. |
PubMed: | Impact of cover crops in vineyard on the aroma compounds of Vitis vinifera L. cv Cabernet Sauvignon wine. |
PubMed: | Structural Analysis of CYP101C1 from Novosphingobium aromaticivorans DSM12444. |
PubMed: | Enzymatic formation of apo-carotenoids from the xanthophyll carotenoids lutein, zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin by ferret carotene-9',10'-monooxygenase. |
PubMed: | Allelopathic control of cyanobacterial blooms by periphyton biofilms. |
PubMed: | Composition of sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.) honey solvent extractives determined by GC/MS: norisoprenoids and other volatile organic compounds. |
PubMed: | Regioselective hydroxylation of norisoprenoids by CYP109D1 from Sorangium cellulosum So ce56. |
PubMed: | Functional characterization of a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1 and its relation to the carotenoid accumulation and volatile emission during the floral development of Osmanthus fragrans Lour. |
PubMed: | A new sulfated alpha-ionone glycoside from Sonchus erzincanicus Matthews. |
PubMed: | Characterization of the versatile monooxygenase CYP109B1 from Bacillus subtilis. |
PubMed: | Expedient construction of the Ziegler intermediate useful for the synthesis of forskolin via consecutive rearrangements. |
PubMed: | New attractants for males of the solanaceous fruit fly Bactrocera latifrons. |
PubMed: | Enantioselective synthesis and olfactory evaluation of 13-alkyl-substituted alpha-ionones. |
PubMed: | Comparison of sugar, acids, and volatile composition in raspberry bushy dwarf virus-resistant transgenic raspberries and the wild type 'meeker' (rubus idaeus L.). |
PubMed: | Volatile composition in raspberry cultivars grown in the Pacific Northwest determined by stir bar sorptive extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
PubMed: | New alpha-pyrrolidinonoids and glycosides from Euphorbia humifusa. |
PubMed: | Chemotherapy of leishmaniasis part-VIII: synthesis and bioevaluation of novel chalcones. |
PubMed: | Metabolism of carotenoids and apocarotenoids during ripening of raspberry fruit. |
PubMed: | Fragrance material review on alpha-ionone. |
PubMed: | Fragrance material review on allyl alpha-ionone. |
PubMed: | Fragrance material review on dihydro-alpha-ionone. |
PubMed: | Fragrance material review on ionone. |
PubMed: | Fragrance material review on methyl-alpha-ionone. |
PubMed: | Synthesis of 4'-(2,6,6-trimethyl -2-cyclohexen-1-yl) -3'-buten-2'-ketoxime-N-O-alkyl ethers. |
PubMed: | Effect of fat level on the perception of five flavor chemicals in ice cream with or without fat mimetics by using a descriptive test. |
PubMed: | Biosynthesis of monoterpenes and norisoprenoids in raspberry fruits (Rubus idaeus L.): the role of cytosolic mevalonate and plastidial methylerythritol phosphate pathway. |
PubMed: | Flavor authentication studies of alpha-ionone, beta-ionone, and alpha-ionol from various sources. |
PubMed: | Studies on the aroma of maté (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) using headspace solid-phase microextraction. |
PubMed: | Effect of the minor ABA metabolite 7'-hydroxy-ABA on Arabidopsis ABA 8'-hydroxylase CYP707A3. |
PubMed: | Broad activation of the glomerular layer enhances subsequent olfactory responses. |
PubMed: | Isolation and identification of antialgal compounds from the leaves of Vallisneria spiralis L. by activity-guided fractionation. |
PubMed: | Functional characterization of CmCCD1, a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase from melon. |
PubMed: | Generation of aroma compounds from Ditaxis heterantha by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. |
PubMed: | Theory and use of the pseudophase model in gas-liquid chromatographic enantiomeric separations. |
PubMed: | Efficient terpene hydroxylation catalysts based upon P450 enzymes derived from actinomycetes. |
PubMed: | [Analysis and identification of Liriomyza sativae-attractants from cowpea and kidney bean volatiles]. |
PubMed: | Carotenoid pigmentation affects the volatile composition of tomato and watermelon fruits, as revealed by comparative genetic analyses. |
PubMed: | Comprehensive authentication of (E)-alpha(beta)-ionone from raspberries, using constant flow MDGC-C/P-IRMS and enantio-MDGC-MS. |
PubMed: | Identification and aroma impact of norisoprenoids in orange juice. |
PubMed: | A simple and efficient highly enantioselective synthesis of alpha-ionone and alpha-damascone. |
PubMed: | Active ingredients in cade oil that synergize attractiveness of alpha-ionol to male Bactrocera latifrons (Diptera: Tephritidae). |
PubMed: | Enantioselective synthesis of alpha-ionone derivatives using an anti S(N)2' substitution of functionalized zinc organometallics. |
PubMed: | Antifungal compounds from the root and root exudate of Zea mays. |
PubMed: | Approaches to spirit aroma: contribution of some aromatic compounds to the primary aroma in samples of orujo spirits. |
PubMed: | Isolation and characterization of miscellaneous secondary metabolites of Deprea subtriflora. |
PubMed: | Investigation of binding behavior of alpha- and beta-ionones to beta-lactoglobulin at different pH values using a diffusion-based NOE pumping technique. |
PubMed: | Enantiomer separation of flavour and fragrance compounds by liquid chromatography using novel urea-covalent bonded methylated beta-cyclodextrins on silica. |
PubMed: | Induction of cytochrome P450 1A and 2B by alpha- and beta-ionone in Sprague Dawley rats. |
PubMed: | A P450 BM-3 mutant hydroxylates alkanes, cycloalkanes, arenes and heteroarenes. |
PubMed: | Enhancement of attraction of alpha-ionol to male Bactrocera latifrons (Diptera: Tephritidae) by addition of a synergist, cade oil. |
PubMed: | Determination of apparent binding constants for aroma compounds with beta-lactoglobulin by dynamic coupled column liquid chromatography. |
PubMed: | Development of an attractant for the scarab pest Macrodactylus subspinosus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). |
PubMed: | Frozen storage effects on anthocyanins and volatile compounds of raspberry fruit. |
PubMed: | Enantiomer separation of alpha-ionone using gas chromatography with cyclodextrin derivatives as chiral stationary phases. |
PubMed: | 2-fluoroabscisic acid analogues: their synthesis and biological activities. |
PubMed: | Stereo- and regioselective hydroxylation of alpha-ionone by Streptomyces strains. |
PubMed: | Effect of Carotenoids on Aflatoxin B(1) Synthesis by Aspergillus flavus. |
PubMed: | Biotransformation of alpha- and beta-ionones by immobilized cells of Nicotiana tabacum. |
PubMed: | Sensory evidence for olfactory receptors with opposite chiral selectivity. |
PubMed: | Microbial Conversion of alpha-Ionone, alpha-Methylionone, and alpha-Isomethylionone. |
PubMed: | Models of retinoid metabolism: microbial biotransformation of alpha-ionone and beta-ionone. |
PubMed: | Incorporation of (14)CO 2 in photosynthetic pigments of Chlorella pyrenoidosa. |
PubMed: | Chemistry of tobacco constituents. Oxidation of alpha-ionone and the acid-catalyzed rearrangement of 5-keto-alpha-ionone. |
PubMed: | Comparison of the effects of vitamin A and its analogs upon rabbit ear cartilage in organ culture and upon growth of the vitamin A-deficient rat. |
PubMed: | The biosynthesis of cyclic carotenes. |
PubMed: | Geometrical isomers of retinene. |
|