Articles:
Notes:
4-hydroxy-Hexanoic acid gamma-lactone is occasionally found as a volatile component of human urine. 4-hydroxy-Hexanoic acid gamma-lactone has been found in the polar fraction of human blood. Biological fluids such as blood and urine have been shown to contain a large number of components, some of them volatiles (low boiling point) apparently present in all individuals, while others such are much more variable. In some cases differences up to an order of magnitude are observed. Although some of these changes may have dietary origins, others seem to be characteristic of the individual. (PMID: 5556886, 6480763, 15835926)
| Flavor Demo Formulas | ||
| Name: | 5-ethyloxolan-2-one | |
| CAS Number: | 695-06-7 |  3D/inchi
|
| Other: | 57129-70-1 | |
| ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg: | 211-778-8 | |
| FDA UNII: | J16NAT1G41 | |
| Nikkaji Web: | J45.665I | |
| Beilstein Number: | 0107260 | |
| MDL: | MFCD00005401 | |
| FEMA Number: | 2556 | |
| CoE Number: | 2254 | |
| XlogP3: | 0.70 (est) | |
| Molecular Weight: | 114.14410000 | |
| Formula: | C6 H10 O2 | |
| BioActivity Summary: | listing | |
| NMR Predictor: | Predict (works with chrome or firefox) | |
| EFSA/JECFA Comments: | JECFA evaluted gamma-hexalactone (CASrn as in Register). Register CASrn refers to the racemate. | |
Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
| Google Scholar: | Search |
| Google Books: | Search |
| Google Scholar: with word "volatile" | Search |
| Google Scholar: with word "flavor" | Search |
| Google Scholar: with word "odor" | Search |
| Perfumer and Flavorist: | Search |
| Google Patents: | Search |
| US Patents: | Search |
| EU Patents: | Search |
| Pubchem Patents: | Search |
| PubMed: | Search |
| NCBI: | Search |
| EFSA Update of results on the monitoring of furan levels in food: | Read Report |
| EFSA Previous report: Results on the monitoring of furan levels in food: | Read Report |
| EFSA Report of the CONTAM Panel on provisional findings on furan in food: | Read Report |
| JECFA Food Flavoring: | 223 gamma-hexalactone |
| Flavis Number: | 10.021 (Old) |
| DG SANTE Food Flavourings: | 10.021 hexano-1,4-lactone |
| FEMA Number: | 2556 gamma-hexalactone |
| FDA Mainterm: | GAMMA-HEXALACTONE |
| FDA Regulation: | |
| FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION Subpart F--Flavoring Agents and Related Substances Sec. 172.515 Synthetic flavoring substances and adjuvants. | |
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est) |
| Assay: | 98.00 to 100.00 % |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | Yes |
| Specific Gravity: | 1.02000 to 1.02500 @ 25.00 °C. |
| Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 8.487 to 8.529 |
| Refractive Index: | 1.43700 to 1.44200 @ 20.00 °C. |
| Melting Point: | -18.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point: | 100.00 to 102.00 °C. @ 18.00 mm Hg |
| Boiling Point: | 219.00 to 220.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg |
| Acid Value: | 1.00 max. KOH/g |
| Vapor Pressure: | 0.152000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Vapor Density: | >1 ( Air = 1 ) |
| Flash Point: | 209.00 °F. TCC ( 98.33 °C. ) |
| logP (o/w): | 0.413 (est) |
| Shelf Life: | 24.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly. |
| Storage: | store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light. |
| Soluble in: | |
| alcohol | |
| dipropylene glycol | |
| propylene glycol | |
| water, slightly | |
| water, 3.219e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | |
| Insoluble in: | |
| water | |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor Type: | tonka |
| Odor Strength: | medium , recommend smelling in a 10.00 % solution or less |
| Odor Description: at 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. | herbal coconut sweet coumarin tobacco |
| Substantivity: | 128 Hour(s) |
Cosmetic Information:
| CosIng: | cosmetic data |
| Cosmetic Uses: |
masking agents perfuming agents |
Safety Information:
| Most important hazard(s): | |
| Xi - Irritant | |
|
R 36/38 - Irritating to skin and eyes. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection. | |
| Human Experience: | 12 % solution: no irritation or sensitization. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
|
oral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg (Moreno, 1977f) oral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 794, 1979. | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
|
skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 794, 1979. | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | flavor and fragrance agents | ||
| Recommendation for gamma-hexalactone usage levels up to: | |||
| 12.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate. | |||
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 160.00 (μg/capita/day) | ||
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). | |||
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library | |||
| publication number: 3 | |||
| Click here to view publication 3 | |||
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm | ||
| baked goods: | - | 21.00000 | |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 7.00000 | |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | - | |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - | |
| cheese: | - | - | |
| chewing gum: | - | - | |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - | |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - | |
| egg products: | - | - | |
| fats / oils: | - | - | |
| fish products: | - | - | |
| frozen dairy: | 0.07000 | 84.00000 | |
| fruit ices: | - | 84.00000 | |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | - | |
| granulated sugar: | - | - | |
| gravies: | - | - | |
| hard candy: | - | 21.00000 | |
| imitation dairy: | - | - | |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - | |
| jams / jellies: | - | - | |
| meat products: | - | - | |
| milk products: | - | - | |
| nut products: | - | - | |
| other grains: | - | - | |
| poultry: | - | - | |
| processed fruits: | - | - | |
| processed vegetables: | - | - | |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - | |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - | |
| snack foods: | - | - | |
| soft candy: | - | - | |
| soups: | - | - | |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - | |
| sweet sauces: | - | - | |
Safety References:
| Flavor & Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) reference(s): | |
| The FEMA GRAS assessment of lactones used as flavor ingredients.View pdf | |
| European Food Safety Athority(efsa): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): | |
| Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to - Flavouring Group Evaluation 10: Aliphatic primary and secondary saturated and unsaturated alcohols, aldehydes, acetals, carboxylic acids and esters containing an additional oxygenated functional group and lactones from chemical groups 9, 13 and 30 - (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf | |
| Flavouring Group Evaluation 10, Revision 1 (FGE10 Rev1)[1] - Aliphatic primary and secondary saturated and unsaturated alcohols, aldehydes, acetals, carboxylic acids and esters containing an additional oxygenated functional group and lactones from chemical groups 9, 13 and 30 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf | |
| Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 10, Revision 2 (FGE.10Rev2): Aliphatic primary and secondary saturated and unsaturated alcohols, aldehydes, acetals, carboxylic acids and esters containing an additional oxygenated functional group and lactones from chemical groups 9, 13 and 30 View page or View pdf | |
| EPI System: | View |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 695-06-7 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 12756 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WGK Germany: | 2 |
| 5-ethyloxolan-2-one | |
| Chemidplus: | 0000695067 |
| RTECS: | LU4220000 for cas# 695-06-7 |
References:
| Leffingwell: | Chirality or Article |
| 5-ethyloxolan-2-one | |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 695-06-7 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 12756 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134976441 |
| Flavornet: | 695-06-7 |
| Pherobase: | View |
Other Information:
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2009 |
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2009 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| FDA Everything Added to Food in the United States (EAFUS): | View |
| CHEBI: | View |
| CHEMBL: | View |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB03843 |
| FooDB: | FDB008075 |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2932.20.5050 |
| Haz-Map: | View |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
| almond toasted almond | FL | |
| apricot | FR | |
| beef roasted beef | FL | |
| bread white bread | FL | |
| caramel | FL | |
| chocolate cocoa | FL | |
| cloudberry bakeapple | FL | |
| coconut | FR | |
| cream | FR | |
| grape | FR | |
| hay new mown hay | FR | |
| herbal | FR | |
| maple | FR | |
| passion fruit | FR | |
| peach | FR | |
| pineapple | FR | |
| plum | FR | |
| raspberry | FR | |
| strawberry | FR | |
| tea green tea | FR | |
| tobacco | FR | |
| tomato | FL | |
| tonka bean | FR | |
| vanilla | FR |
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
| apricot fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| bread Search PMC Picture | |
| cloudberry fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| cocoa Search Trop Picture | |
| filbert roasted filbert Search Trop Picture | |
| grape dried grape Search PMC Picture | |
| malpighia glabra l. fruit oil @ 0.60% Data GC Search Trop Picture | |
| milk Search PMC Picture | |
| passion fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| peach fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| pineapple fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| plum fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| raspberry red raspberry fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| strawberry wild strawberry fruit Search Trop Picture | |
| tea green tea with jasmin PbMd Search Picture | |
| tomato Search Trop Picture |
Synonyms:
| g- | caprolactone |
| gamma- | caprolactone |
| dehydrotonkalide | |
| 4- | ethyl butan-4-olide |
| ethyl butyrolactone | |
| gamma- | ethyl butyrolactone |
| 5- | ethyl dihydro-2(3H)-furanone |
| 5- | ethyl tetrahydro-2-furanone |
| 4- | ethyl-4-butanolide |
| 4- | ethyl-4-hydroxybutanoic acid lactone |
| 5- | ethyl-dihydro-furan-2-one |
| gamma- | ethyl-gamma-butyrolactone |
| gamma- | ethyl-N-butyrolactone |
| 4- | ethylbutan-4-olide |
| 5- | ethyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone |
| 5- | ethyloxolan-2-one |
| 5- | ethyltetrahydro-2-furanone |
| furan-2(3H)-one, 5-ethyldihydro- | |
| furan-2(5H)-one, 3,4-dihydro-5-ethyl- | |
| 2(3H)- | furanone, 5-ethyldihydro- |
| gamma- | hexalactone |
| gamma | hexalactone |
| gamma- | hexalactone FCC |
| hexalactone gamma | |
| gamma- | hexalactone natural |
| hexan-4-olide | |
| hexano-1,4-lactone | |
| gamma- | hexanolactone |
| 4- | hexanolide |
| hexanolide-1,4 | |
| 4- | hydroxyhexanoic acid gamma-lactone |
| 4- | hydroxyhexanoic acid lactone |
| tonkalide |