alpinia galanga oil | |||
# | % | Leftshift | Components |
---|---|---|---|
24 | 10.70 | alpha- | bergamotene |
30 | 16.20 | beta- | bisabolene |
12 | trace | borneol | |
17 | 2.50 | bornyl acetate | |
2 | 0.50 | camphene | |
23 | 0.90 | caryophyllene | |
33 | 2.50 | caryophyllene oxide | |
16 | 0.20 | chavicol | |
19 | 1.00 | chavicyl acetate | |
7 | 5.50 | 1,8- | cineole |
20 | 1.60 | citronellyl acetate | |
22 | 0.70 | copaene | |
28 | 1.90 | ar- | curcumene |
14 | trace | para- | cymen-8-ol |
6 | 0.80 | para- | cymene |
29 | 1.50 | eugenyl acetate | |
26 | 18.20 | (E)-beta- | farnesene |
21 | 5.10 | geranyl acetate | |
25 | 0.60 | alpha- | humulene |
8 | 1.60 | limonene | |
11 | trace | linalool | |
5 | 0.70 | myrcene | |
31 | 1.90 | pentadecane | |
32 | 1.60 | beta-sesqui | phellandrene |
1 | 10.20 | alpha- | pinene |
4 | 1.60 | beta- | pinene |
3 | trace | sabinene | |
27 | 0.80 | santalene | |
13 | 0.30 | terpinen-4-ol | |
9 | trace | alpha- | terpinene |
15 | 0.20 | alpha- | terpineol |
10 | trace | terpinolene | |
18 | trace | tridecane | |
H. L. De Pooter, M. Nor Omar, B. A. Coolsaet and N. M. Schamp, The Essential Oil of Greater Galanga (Alpinia galanga) from Malaysia, Phytochem.,24, 93-96 (1985). P&F 11, No. 1, 29, (1986) | |||
boronia megastigma nees absolute | |||
# | % | Leftshift | Components |
38 | 0.10 | 2- | acetoxylinalool A + tridecane + methyl 2-methoxybenzoate |
58 | 0.02 | acetvanillone + (E)-beta-farnesene | |
32 | 0.45 | (E)- | anethole + safrol + nonanoic acid |
87 | trace | apiole | |
48 | .015 | benzyl 3-methyl butyrate + (Z)-retro-gamma-ionone | |
4 | 0.01 | benzyl alcohol | |
97 | 0.06 | benzyl benzoate | |
88 | 0.20 | beta- | bisabolol + tetradecanol |
34 | 0.10 | iso | bornyl acetate + menthyl acetate |
40 | 0.02 | trans- | carvyl acetate + (E)-linalool |
54 | 0.04 | beta- | caryophyllene |
73 | 0.09 | caryophyllene oxide | |
12 | 0.01 | chrysanthenone | |
65 | 1.20 | sesqui | cineole |
86 | trace | coniferyl methyl ether | |
41 | 0.07 | cyclic beta-ionone | |
47 | 0.03 | decanoic acid + benzyl 2-methyl butyrate + (Z)-retro-gamma-ionone | |
22 | 0.01 | 2- | decanol |
31 | 0.06 | decanol + 5-hydroxylinalool B + methyl 2-isobutyroxy-3-methyl valerate | |
21 | 0.60 | 2- | decanone + 7-hydroxyhotrienol |
57 | 0.65 | 7,8- | dihydro-beta-ionol + (Z)-retro-alpha-ionone |
55 | 1.30 | 7,8- | dihydro-beta-ionone |
63 | 0.06 | dihydroactinodiolide + undecyl acetate | |
23 | 0.01 | dodecane + lilac alcohol | |
50 | 0.04 | 2- | dodecanol |
76 | 3.80 | dodecyl acetate + 8-hydroxylinalyl isobutyrate | |
108 | trace | eicosane | |
42 | 0.01 | delta- | elemene |
70 | 0.09 | 7,11- | epoxymegastigm-5(6)-en-9-one |
49 | 0.01 | ethyl decanoate | |
95 | 0.08 | (E,E)- | farnesol |
28 | trace | geraniol | |
46 | 0.70 | geranyl acetate + vanillin | |
56 | trace | geranyl acetone | |
111 | 4.30 | (E)-4-( | geranyl oxy) cinnamic acid |
106 | 1.90 | (Z)-4-( | geranyl oxy) cinnamic acid |
9 | 0.02 | guaiacol | |
94 | 0.70 | heptadecane | |
77 | 0.04 | hexadecane | |
59 | 0.03 | alpha- | humulene |
75 | 0.03 | humulene oxide I | |
85 | 0.30 | 3- | hydroxy-beta-ionone |
43 | 0.20 | 8- | hydroxylinalool |
91 | 0.10 | 8- | hydroxylinalyl 2-methyl butyrate |
113 | 2.20 | 8- | hydroxylinalyl decanoate |
116 | 0.30 | 8- | hydroxylinalyl dodecanoate |
105 | 0.30 | 8- | hydroxylinalyl heptanoate |
109 | 1.80 | 8- | hydroxylinalyl heptanoate |
92 | 0.10 | 8- | hydroxylinalyl isovalerate |
112 | 0.70 | 8- | hydroxylinalyl nonanoate |
69 | 0.20 | 8- | hydroxylinalyl propionate |
99 | 0.30 | 8- | hydroxylinalyl tiglate |
118 | 1.40 | 8- | hydroxylinalyl tridecanoate |
98 | 0.09 | 8- | hydroxylinalyl valerate |
80 | 2.40 | (E)-3- | hydroxymegastigm-7-en-9-one |
68 | 0.03 | (Z)-3- | hydroxymegastigm-7-en-9-one |
107 | 0.09 | N-(2-(4- | hydroxyphenyl)ethyl) 2-methyl butyramide |
110 | 0.20 | N-(2-(4- | hydroxyphenyl)ethyl) tiglamide |
115 | 9.30 | N-(2-(4- | hydroxyphenyl)ethyl) tiglamide + methyl (Z)-4-(geranyl oxy) cinnamate |
84 | 0.15 | 4-oxo-beta- | ionol |
52 | 0.30 | beta- | ionol + 4,5-epoxy-gamma-homocyclocitral |
71 | 0.64 | (E,E)-pseudo- | ionone |
45 | 0.05 | (Z)-alpha- | ionone + (Z)-carvyl acetate |
53 | 0.04 | (E)-alpha- | ionone + 2,6-dimethyl-4-methyl phenol |
61 | 14.90 | (E)-beta- | ionone + alpha-curcumene + 5,6-epoxy-beta-ionone |
67 | 0.02 | italicene ether | |
82 | 0.35 | delta- | jasmonic acid lactone (syn) + 4-hydroxy-beta-ionone |
89 | 0.70 | delta- | jasmonic acid lactone )anti) + methyl curcubate |
5 | 0.45 | limonene | |
29 | 0.20 | linalyl acetate + 5-hydroxylinalool A | |
74 | 0.30 | (E)- | megastigm-7-en-3,9-dione |
14 | 0.15 | para- | mentha-1,3,8-triene + camphor |
3 | 0.06 | para- | mentha-1,5,8-triene |
117 | 6.70 | methyl (E)-4-(geranyl oxy) cinnamate | |
96 | 0.50 | methyl (E)-4-hydroxycinnamate | |
83 | 0.70 | methyl (Z)-epi-jasmonate | |
79 | 1.20 | methyl (Z)-jasmonate + (E)-3-hydroxymegastigm-7-en-9-one | |
1 | 0.10 | methyl 1-hydroxy-3-methyl valerate + beta-pinene | |
44 | 0.20 | methyl 2-(2-methyl butyoxy)-3-methyl valerate + neryl acetate | |
15 | 0.06 | methyl 2-acetoxy-3-methyl valerate | |
81 | 0.70 | methyl 2,3-di-epi-curcubate + 4-oxo-beta-ionone | |
90 | 14.60 | methyl 3-epi-curcubate + (Z)-8-heptadecene | |
18 | trace | para- | methyl acetophenone |
24 | 0.01 | methyl nonanoate | |
13 | 0.01 | methyl octanoate | |
104 | 0.02 | methyl palmitate | |
2 | 0.40 | myrcene + octanal | |
25 | 0.20 | nerol + (E)-tagetenone | |
103 | 0.08 | nonadecane | |
10 | 0.75 | nonanal + linalool + hotrienol + 2-phenethyl alcohol | |
19 | trace | nonanol | |
11 | 0.08 | 2- | nonanol |
7 | 0.07 | (E)-beta- | ocimene |
6 | 0.02 | (Z)-beta- | ocimene |
101 | 0.03 | octadecane | |
20 | 0.07 | octanoic acid | |
8 | 0.03 | octanol | |
64 | 0.16 | pentadecane + isoitalicene ether | |
102 | trace | pentadecyl acetate | |
62 | 0.05 | endo | peroxide of cyclic beta-ionone |
66 | 0.02 | beta-sesqui | phellandrene |
30 | trace | iso | piperitenone + geranial |
27 | 0.01 | piperitone | |
72 | 0.55 | spathulenol + (E)-9-hydroxymegastigm-7-en-3-one | |
78 | 0.09 | syringl methyl ether + zingerone | |
26 | 0.30 | (Z)- | tagetenone + anisaldehyde |
16 | 0.02 | (E)- | tagetone |
17 | 0.03 | (Z)- | tagetone |
35 | trace | terpinen-4-yl acetate | |
51 | 0.02 | tetradecane | |
100 | 0.50 | tetradecyl acetate | |
37 | 0.03 | theaspirane A + 2-undecanol | |
39 | 2.40 | theaspirane B + 2-acetoxylinalool B + methyl decanoate | |
114 | 0.03 | tricosane | |
93 | 0.15 | tridecyl acetate | |
36 | 0.05 | undecanal | |
60 | 1.00 | undecanoic acid + 8-hydroxyl linalyl acetate + dodecanol + 2-phenethyl isovalerate + benzyl tiglate | |
33 | 0.05 | 2- | undecanone + bornyl acetate |
P. Weyerstahl, H. Marschall, W-R. Bork, R. Rilk, S. Schneider and H-C. Wahlburg, Constituents of the absolute of Boronia megastigma Nees from Tasmania. Flav. Fragr. J., 10, 297-311 (1995). P&F 24, No. 1, 53, (1999) | |||
cajuput leaf oil vietnam | |||
# | % | Leftshift | Components |
49 | trace | bulnesol | |
37 | 0.4 | cadina-1,4-diene | |
35 | trace | delta- | cadinene |
34 | trace | gamma- | cadinene |
47 | trace | alpha- | cadinol |
44 | trace | T- | cadinol |
38 | trace | calamenene | |
2 | trace | camphene | |
5 | trace | delta-3- | carene |
23 | 2.5 | beta- | caryophyllene |
41 | 0.3 | caryophyllene oxide | |
10 | 41.1 | 1,8- | cineole |
20 | trace | alpha- | copaene |
27 | 0.5 | gamma- | curcumene |
15 | 6.8 | para- | cymene |
17 | 0.2 | para- | cymenene |
22 | 0.3 | beta- | elemene |
18 | trace | delta- | elemene |
25 | trace | gamma- | elemene |
42 | trace | elemol | |
48 | 0.7 | beta- | eudesmol |
45 | 0.6 | gamma- | eudesmol |
31 | 0.3 | alpha- | farnesene |
39 | 0.4 | geraniol | |
29 | 0.3 | beta- | guaiene |
43 | 1.2 | guaiol | |
28 | 1.6 | alpha- | humulene |
9 | 4.1 | limonene | |
21 | 3.6 | linalool | |
40 | trace | alpha- | maaliene |
46 | trace | alpha- | muurolol |
6 | 0.1 | myrcene | |
14 | trace | (E)-beta- | ocimene |
12 | trace | (Z)-beta- | ocimene |
7 | 0.5 | alpha- | phellandrene |
11 | 0.2 | beta- | phellandrene |
36 | trace | beta-sesqui | phellandrene |
1 | 3.2 | alpha- | pinene |
3 | 0.8 | beta- | pinene |
4 | trace | sabinene | |
33 | 1.5 | alpha- | selinene |
32 | 1.5 | beta- | selinene |
24 | 1.5 | terpinen-4-ol | |
8 | 0.6 | alpha- | terpinene |
13 | 4.6 | gamma- | terpinene |
30 | 8.7 | alpha- | terpineol |
16 | 5.9 | terpinolene | |
26 | trace | thujopsene | |
19 | 0.3 | alpha- | ylangene |
O. Motl, J. Hodacova and K. Ubik, Composition of Vietnamese cajuput essential oil. Flav. Fragr. J., 5, 39-42 (1990). P&F 25, No. 1, 33, (2000) | |||
citrus x latifolia oil expressed | |||
# | % | Leftshift | Components |
33 | 0.8 | alpha- | bergamotene |
52 | trace | (E)-alpha- | bisabolene |
48 | 0.8 | beta- | bisabolene |
68 | trace | alpha- | bisabolol |
25 | trace | borneol | |
32 | trace | bornyl acetate | |
69 | 0.1 | alpha- | cadinol |
3 | 0.1 | camphene | |
6 | trace | delta-3- | carene |
35 | 0.3 | beta- | caryophyllene |
73 | trace | cinnamic alcohol | |
22 | 0.1 | citronellal | |
40 | trace | citronellyl acetate | |
19 | trace | alpha- | cubebene |
27 | trace | beta- | cubebene |
15 | 0.1 | para- | cymene |
24 | 0.1 | decanal | |
72 | trace | decanoic acid | |
61 | trace | (E)-2- | dodecen-1-ol |
34 | 0.1 | beta- | elemene |
21 | 0.1 | delta- | elemene |
37 | trace | gamma- | elemene |
67 | trace | gamma- | eudesmol |
50 | 0.2 | (E,E)-alpha- | farnesene |
41 | 0.1 | (E)-beta- | farnesene |
71 | trace | (E,E)- | farnesyl acetate |
49 | 2.3 | geranial | |
58 | trace | geraniol | |
51 | 1.0 | geranyl acetate | |
45 | trace | geranyl formate | |
56 | 0.1 | germacrene B | |
46 | 0.1 | germacrene D | |
70 | trace | heptadecanal | |
65 | 0.1 | hexadecanal | |
42 | trace | alpha- | humulene |
10 | 52.2 | limonene | |
26 | 0.2 | linalool | |
30 | trace | linalyl acetate | |
59 | trace | para- | mentha-1,8-dien-10-yl acetate |
38 | trace | (E)-para- | mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol |
7 | 1.3 | myrcene | |
43 | 1.2 | neral | |
62 | trace | (E)- | nerolidol |
47 | 1.4 | neryl acetate | |
18 | trace | nonanal | |
31 | 0.1 | nonyl acetate | |
14 | trace | (E)-beta- | ocimene |
12 | trace | (Z)-beta- | ocimene |
74 | trace | octadecanal | |
17 | trace | octanal | |
29 | trace | octanol | |
23 | trace | pentadecane | |
54 | trace | perillaldehyde | |
60 | trace | perillyl acetate | |
8 | trace | alpha- | phellandrene |
11 | trace | beta- | phellandrene |
53 | trace | beta-sesqui | phellandrene |
2 | 3.2 | alpha- | pinene |
4 | 13.0 | beta- | pinene |
57 | trace | iso | piperitenone |
5 | 2.0 | sabinene | |
20 | 0.1 | (E)- | sabinene hydrate |
28 | 0.1 | (Z)- | sabinene hydrate |
39 | trace | beta- | santalene |
64 | trace | spathulenol | |
9 | 0.3 | alpha- | terpinene |
13 | 17.0 | gamma- | terpinene |
44 | 0.4 | alpha- | terpineol |
16 | 0.7 | terpinolene | |
55 | trace | tetradecanal | |
1 | trace | alpha- | thujene |
66 | trace | thymol | |
36 | trace | undecanal | |
75 | trace | undecanoic acid | |
63 | trace | viridiflorol | |
S. M. Njoroge, H. Ueda, H. Kusunose and M. Sawamura, Japanese sour citrus fruits Part IV. Volatile compounds of Naaoshichi and Tahiti lime essential oils. Flav. Fragr. J., 11, 25-29 (1996). P&F 24, No. 2, 35, (1999) | |||
curcuma longa root oil CO2 extract | |||
# | % | Leftshift | Components |
8 | 1.40 | alpha- | bergamotene |
9 | 1.08 | borneol | |
2 | 5.50 | camphene | |
13 | 2.12 | carvone | |
7 | 1.63 | beta- | caryophyllene |
5 | 4.05 | citronellal | |
20 | 2.94 | citronellyl valerate | |
3 | 2.16 | cubebene | |
17 | 4.23 | ar- | curcumene |
4 | 1.15 | para- | cymene |
15 | 1.02 | germacrene D | |
14 | 1.01 | linalool | |
6 | 1.99 | menthofuran | |
18 | 1.53 | nerol | |
16 | 3.17 | beta-sesqui | phellandrene |
19 | 1.84 | phellandrol | |
1 | 1.25 | alpha- | pinene |
12 | 0.96 | alpha- | terpineol |
11 | 16.12 | turmerone | |
10 | 42.00 | ar- | turmerone |
21 | 1.14 | xanthorrhizol | |
B. Gopalan, M. Goto, A. Kodama and T. Hirose, Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of Turmeric (Curcuma longa). J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 2189-2192 (2000). P&F 25, No. 6, 32, (2000) | |||
curcuma longa root oil vietnam | |||
# | % | Leftshift | Components |
10 | 0.20 | beta- | bisabolene |
7 | 0.90 | beta- | caryophyllene |
2 | 0.10 | 1,8- | cineole |
12 | 1.50 | ar- | curcumene |
17 | 1.00 | curzerenone | |
3 | 0.05 | para- | cymene |
6 | 0.05 | beta- | elemene |
8 | 0.50 | alpha- | humulene |
1 | 0.05 | limonene | |
11 | 3.00 | beta-sesqui | phellandrene |
5 | 0.05 | terpinen-4-ol | |
4 | 0.90 | terpinolene | |
13 | 0.15 | alpha,alpha,para- | trimethyl benzyl alcohol |
14 | 30.00 | alpha- | turmerone |
16 | 10.00 | ar- | turmerone |
15 | 10.00 | beta- | turmerone |
9 | 1.50 | zingiberene | |
T. S. Phan, N. H. Van, X. D. Nguyen and S. B. Luong, Chemical composition of the essential oil from rhizome Curcuma longa Linn. of Vietnam. Tap Chi Hoa Hoc, 25(1), 18-21 (1987). P&F 25, No. 6, 32, (2000) | |||
daucus carota ssp. maximus (desf.) ball seed oil | |||
# | % | Leftshift | Components |
15 | 17.65 | beta- | asarone |
8 | 0.28 | alpha- | bergamotene |
16 | 3.00 | alpha- | bisabolene |
13 | 34.70 | beta- | bisabolene |
17 | 0.39 | preiso | calamendiol |
7 | 1.48 | beta- | caryophyllene |
4 | trace | para- | cymene |
10 | 0.43 | (E)-beta- | farnesene |
9 | 0.31 | alpha- | humulene |
5 | trace | limonene | |
6 | 1.97 | methyl eugenol | |
11 | 37.22 | (E)- | methyl isoeugenol |
14 | 0.25 | beta-sesqui | phellandrene |
1 | trace | alpha- | pinene |
3 | trace | beta- | pinene |
2 | trace | sabinene | |
12 | 0.65 | shyobunone | |
H. E. A. Saad, S. H. El-Sharkawy and A. F. Halim, Essential oils of Daucus carota ssp. maximus. Pharm. Acta Helv. 70, 79-84 (1995). P&F 24, No. 6, 45, (1999) | |||
petroselinum crispum leaf oil | |||
# | % | Leftshift | Components |
39 | 27.96 | apiole | |
25 | 0.02 | alpha- | bergamotene |
48 | 0.04 | bergapten | |
30 | 0.41 | beta- | bisabolene |
19 | 0.02 | bornyl acetate | |
37 | 0.78 | 3- | butyl phthalide |
38 | 0.63 | (E)- | butylidene phthalide |
40 | trace | (Z)- | butylidene phthalide |
35 | 0.01 | carotol | |
24 | 0.02 | beta- | caryophyllene |
22 | 0.02 | alpha- | copaene |
7 | 1.46 | para- | cymene |
12 | 0.04 | para- | cymenene |
18 | trace | (E)-2- | decenal |
17 | 0.77 | (Z)-2- | decenal |
29 | 1.67 | 2,6- | dimethoxy-4-(2-propenyl) phenol |
23 | 1.59 | beta- | elemene |
33 | 0.71 | elemicin | |
52 | 1.79 | falcarindiol | |
49 | 15.00 | falcarinol | |
26 | 0.01 | (E)-beta- | farnesene |
27 | 0.17 | germacrene D | |
55 | 0.37 | heraclenol | |
46 | 0.37 | hexadecanoic acid | |
54 | 0.04 | imperatorin | |
42 | 2.79 | (E)- | ligustilide |
44 | 0.01 | (Z)- | ligustilide |
13 | 0.15 | linalool | |
51 | 0.01 | linoleic acid | |
14 | 0.49 | para- | menthatriene |
50 | 0.06 | methyl linoleate | |
5 | 1.94 | myrcene | |
31 | 8.70 | myristicin | |
36 | 0.06 | iso | myristicin |
15 | 0.05 | myrtenal | |
34 | 0.02 | nerolidol | |
9 | 0.02 | (E)-beta- | ocimene |
6 | 0.39 | alpha- | phellandrene |
8 | 1.72 | beta- | phellandrene |
32 | 8.51 | beta-sesqui | phellandrene |
53 | 1.06 | iso | pimpinellin |
2 | 0.25 | alpha- | pinene |
4 | 2.00 | beta- | pinene |
45 | 1.24 | psoralen | |
3 | 0.01 | sabinene | |
41 | 2.29 | sedanenolide | |
43 | 0.05 | (E)- | sedanolide |
10 | 0.09 | gamma- | terpinene |
11 | 2.50 | terpinolene | |
21 | trace | alpha- | terpinyl acetate |
1 | 0.14 | alpha- | thujene |
16 | 0.20 | undecatriene | |
20 | 0.42 | 4- | vinyl guaiacol |
47 | 0.24 | xanthotoxin | |
28 | 0.05 | zingiberene | |
M. Spraul, Strukteraufklarung Wertgebender Inhaltsstoffe aus Petersilienblatten, - Wurzeln and -samen sowie aus Dillbluten. Ph.D. thesis Technische Universtat, Munchen (1991). P&F 21, No. 4, 57, (1996) | |||
petroselinum crispum leaf oil cuba | |||
In 1997, Pino et al. analyLed a parsley leaf oil that was produced from plants grown in Cuba. Using CC/MS as the method of analysis the oil was determined to contain the following constituents: | |||
# | % | Leftshift | Components |
24 | 0.02 | alpha- | amorphene |
34 | 14.40 | apiole | |
11 | 0.02 | benzyl alcohol | |
21 | 0.02 | (E)-beta- | bergamotene |
32 | 1.42 | carotol | |
19 | 0.24 | beta- | caryophyllene |
14 | 0.03 | citronellal | |
16 | 0.09 | para- | cymen-8-ol |
5 | 0.03 | para- | cymene |
9 | 0.28 | alpha-para- | dimethyl styrene |
18 | 0.61 | beta- | elemene |
20 | 0.21 | gamma- | elemene |
28 | 1.70 | elemicin | |
29 | 0.02 | iso | elemicin |
30 | 0.02 | elemol | |
23 | 0.11 | (Z)-beta- | farnesene |
25 | 1.09 | germacrene D | |
33 | 0.28 | guaiol | |
22 | 0.03 | alpha- | humulene |
7 | 0.06 | limonene | |
12 | 3.90 | para- | mentha-1,3,8-triene |
13 | 0.05 | para- | mentha-1,4,8-triene |
15 | 0.03 | para- | menthatriene |
3 | 0.84 | myrcene | |
26 | 63.90 | myristicin | |
31 | 0.03 | nerolidol | |
4 | 0.09 | alpha- | phellandrene |
6 | 1.60 | beta- | phellandrene |
27 | 1.04 | beta-sesqui | phellandrene |
1 | 0.03 | alpha- | pinene |
2 | 0.01 | beta- | pinene |
8 | 0.03 | gamma- | terpinene |
10 | 0.72 | terpinolene | |
17 | 0.02 | thymol | |
J. A. Pino, A. Rosado and V. Fuentes, Herb oil of parsley (Petroselinum crispum Mill.) from Cuba. J. Essent. Oil Res., 9, 241-242 (1997). P&F 26, No. 2, 22, (2001) | |||
thuja orientalis fruit oil | |||
# | % | Leftshift | Components |
12 | 0.20 | iso | bornyl acetate |
3 | 2.20 | camphene | |
16 | 2.50 | cedrol | |
14 | 1.20 | cuparene | |
8 | 1.40 | para- | cymen-8-ol |
10 | 1.30 | para- | cymen-9-ol |
17 | 0.50 | beta- | eudesmol |
2 | 2.30 | alpha- | fenchene |
13 | 0.30 | alpha- | humulene |
5 | 0.90 | limonene | |
6 | 12.30 | beta- | phellandrene |
15 | 0.70 | beta-sesqui | phellandrene |
1 | 67.80 | alpha- | pinene |
11 | 0.10 | iso | pulegyl acetate |
4 | 2.00 | sabinene | |
7 | 1.10 | gamma- | terpinene |
9 | 0.40 | alpha- | terpineol |
J. of Ess. Oil Res. 12, No. 3, 292, (2000) | |||
thymus richardii pers. subsp. nitidus (guss.) jalas oil italy | |||
# | % | Leftshift | Components |
27 | 0.70 | allo- | aromadendrene |
30 | 32.30 | beta- | bisabolene |
14 | trace | borneol | |
25 | 0.60 | beta- | bourbonene |
31 | 1.00 | delta- | cadinene |
34 | 4.00 | T- | cadinol |
13 | trace | camphor | |
22 | 13.10 | carvacrol | |
24 | trace | carvacryl acetate | |
18 | 0.50 | trans- | carveol |
20 | 0.70 | carvone | |
26 | 3.40 | beta- | caryophyllene |
33 | 3.10 | caryophyllene oxide | |
8 | 0.75 | 1,8- | cineole |
5 | 2.10 | para- | cymene |
16 | 1.00 | (Z)- | dihydrocarvone |
17 | 5.00 | (E)- | dihydrocarvone |
29 | 1.90 | germacrene D | |
6 | 1.00 | limonene | |
12 | 1.60 | linalool | |
19 | 12.40 | methyl thymol | |
28 | 0.40 | gamma- | muurolene |
4 | trace | myrcene | |
7 | 0.50 | beta- | phellandrene |
32 | 0.70 | beta-sesqui | phellandrene |
1 | 0.70 | alpha- | pinene |
3 | trace | beta- | pinene |
2 | trace | sabinene | |
10 | 1.50 | (Z)- | sabinene hydrate |
15 | 0.60 | terpinen-4-ol | |
9 | trace | gamma- | terpinene |
11 | trace | beta- | thujone |
21 | 1.30 | thymol | |
23 | trace | thymyl acetate | |
J. of Ess. Oil Res. 13, No. 1, 8, (2001) | |||
wulffia stenoglossa dc. flower oil brazil | |||
# | % | Leftshift | Components |
19 | 0.20 | (E)-alpha- | bergamotene |
22 | 5.10 | bicyclogermacrene | |
24 | 2.70 | beta- | bisabolene |
37 | 0.70 | epi-alpha- | bisabolol |
26 | 0.30 | delta- | cadinene |
25 | 0.10 | gamma- | cadinene |
36 | 0.40 | alpha- | cadinol |
17 | 8.80 | beta- | caryophyllene |
32 | 1.00 | caryophyllene oxide | |
14 | 0.10 | alpha- | copaene |
15 | 2.40 | beta- | copaene |
12 | 0.60 | decanal | |
31 | 0.50 | dendrolasin | |
43 | 0.10 | docosane | |
11 | 0.10 | dodecane | |
13 | 0.30 | delta- | elemene |
18 | 0.10 | gamma- | elemene |
41 | 0.10 | ethyl hexadecanoate | |
23 | 3.30 | germacrene A | |
29 | 0.10 | germacrene B | |
21 | 13.00 | germacrene D | |
33 | 0.10 | globulol | |
42 | 0.10 | heneicosane | |
47 | 0.10 | heptacosane | |
46 | 0.10 | hexacosane | |
20 | 2.10 | alpha- | humulene |
34 | 0.10 | humulene oxide II | |
5 | 13.60 | limonene | |
7 | 0.50 | linalool | |
39 | 0.10 | methyl hexadecanoate | |
35 | 0.40 | alpha- | muurolol |
4 | 11.80 | myrcene | |
38 | 0.70 | myristic acid | |
30 | 0.90 | (E)- | nerolidol |
8 | 0.20 | nonanal | |
1 | 0.20 | nonane | |
6 | 17.30 | (E)-beta- | ocimene |
40 | 4.00 | palmitic acid | |
45 | 0.30 | pentacosane | |
27 | 0.10 | beta-sesqui | phellandrene |
2 | 2.10 | alpha- | pinene |
3 | 1.00 | sabinene | |
28 | 0.10 | (Z)-sesqui | sabinene hydrate |
9 | 0.10 | terpinen-4-ol | |
10 | 0.10 | alpha- | terpineol |
16 | 0.10 | tetradecane | |
44 | 0.20 | tricosane | |
J. of Ess. Oil Res. 12, No. 4, 415, (2000) | |||
zingiber officinale oil CO2 extract | |||
# | % | Leftshift | Components |
11 | 3.53 | beta- | bisabolene |
20 | 1.82 | bisabolyl acetate | |
3 | 0.60 | borneol | |
7 | 0.31 | beta- | caryophyllene |
1 | trace | 1,8- | cineole |
9 | 10.87 | ar- | curcumene |
18 | 1.31 | eudesmol | |
6 | 0.83 | eugenol | |
13 | 14.17 | beta- | farnesene |
16 | 0.88 | (E,E)- | farnesol |
15 | trace | (Z,Z)- | farnesol |
22 | 6.02 | gingerol | |
17 | 2.26 | gingerone | |
21 | 0.54 | lanceolyl acetate | |
2 | trace | linalool | |
5 | 0.80 | linalyl acetate | |
19 | 2.21 | nerolidyl acetate | |
8 | 0.64 | neryl acetate | |
12 | 6.81 | beta-sesqui | phellandrene |
14 | trace | beta- | selinene |
23 | 12.22 | 6- | shogaol |
4 | 2.51 | alpha- | terpineol |
10 | 24.70 | zingiberene | |
M. D’Alpaos, P. Traldi, G. Tassinato and P. Pallado, Extraction of essential oils and flavors with classic and supercritical techniques: a comparison. Rivista Ital. EPPOS (Numero Speciale – Agosto), 200-207 (1997). P&F 25, No. 2, 46, (2000) | |||
zingiber officinale oil CO2 extract australia | |||
In 1994, Bartley and Foley analyzed the chemical composition of a supercritical fluid extract of Australian-grown ginger. The freshly harvested roots were peeled and chopped into 2 mm cubes before grinding under liquid nitrogen. The pulp was mixed with coarse granulated Celite (diatomaceous earth) and subjected to extraction by supercritical CO2. The analysis was preformed by a combination of capillary GC (for retention indices and quantitative data) and GC/MS (for component identification confirmation). The compounds identified were: | |||
# | % | Leftshift | Components |
32 | 0.20 | aromadendrenol | |
23 | 10.83 | alpha- | bergamolene |
24 | 2.73 | beta- | bisabolene |
29 | 0.14 | alpha- | bisabolol |
11 | 0.60 | borneol | |
16 | 0.10 | iso | bornyl acetate |
25 | 0.14 | gamma- | cadinene |
4 | 3.71 | camphene | |
9 | 2.99 | 1,8- | cineole |
21 | 3.25 | ar- | curcumene |
12 | 0.11 | decanal | |
28 | 0.22 | dodecatrienol | |
19 | 0.20 | beta- | elemene |
18 | 0.23 | delta- | elemene |
27 | 0.25 | elemol | |
20 | 0.18 | beta- | farnesene |
15 | 25.06 | geranial | |
14 | 0.66 | geraniol | |
17 | 0.12 | geranyl acetate | |
1 | 0.52 | hexanal | |
7 | 0.43 | limonene | |
10 | 0.46 | linalool | |
2 | 0.11 | 3- | methyl hexanol |
6 | 0.53 | myrcene | |
13 | 2.87 | neral | |
35 | 0.08 | 6- | paradol |
34 | 0.20 | pentenyl curcumene | |
8 | 1.63 | beta- | phellandrene |
26 | 8.18 | beta-sesqui | phellandrene |
5 | 0.08 | beta- | pinene |
30 | 0.22 | (Z)-sesqui | sabinene hydrate |
36 | 0.31 | 6- | shogaol |
3 | 0.93 | alpha- | thujene |
31 | 0.15 | zingerenol | |
22 | 25.87 | zingiberene | |
33 | 0.64 | zongerone | |
J. P. Bartley and P. Foley, Supercritical fluid extraction of Australian grown ginger (Zingibar officinale), J. Sci. Food Agric., 66, 365-371 (1994). P&F 22, No. 5, 71, (1997) | |||
zingiber officinale var. gigante root oil brazil | |||
# | % | Leftshift | Components |
22 | 0.50 | aromadendrene | |
25 | 4.70 | beta- | bisabolene |
15 | 0.70 | borneol | |
3 | 5.70 | camphene | |
14 | 0.30 | citronellal | |
17 | 1.00 | citronellol | |
19 | 0.50 | alpha- | copaene |
23 | 7.90 | ar- | curcumene |
8 | 0.20 | para- | cymene |
21 | 0.90 | beta- | elemene |
26 | 7.40 | alpha- | farnesene |
18 | 9.60 | geraniol + geranial | |
20 | 0.50 | geranyl acetate | |
1 | 0.40 | 2- | heptanol |
10 | 1.60 | limonene | |
12 | 0.70 | linalool | |
5 | 0.50 | 6- | methyl-5-hepten-2-one |
6 | 1.30 | myrcene | |
16 | 5.40 | neral | |
13 | 0.30 | 2- | nonanol |
7 | 0.60 | alpha- | phellandrene |
27 | 7.00 | beta-sesqui | phellandrene |
9 | 8.40 | beta- | phellandrene + 1,8-cineole |
2 | 2.30 | alpha- | pinene |
4 | 0.40 | beta- | pinene |
11 | 0.50 | terpinolene | |
24 | 19.00 | zingiberene | |
P&F 25, No. 2, 46, (2000) |