EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

difurfuryl ether
2,2'-[oxybis(methylene)]bisfuran

Supplier Sponsors

Name:2-(furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl)furan
CAS Number: 4437-22-3Picture of molecule3D/inchi
Other(deleted CASRN):1801783-78-7
FDA UNII: 55L57OC81G
Nikkaji Web:J102.641K
Beilstein Number:0156726
CoE Number:10930
XlogP3-AA:1.30 (est)
Molecular Weight:178.18730000
Formula:C10 H10 O3
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category: flavoring agents
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Perfumer and Flavorist:Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
JECFA Food Flavoring:1522 difurfuryl ether
DG SANTE Food Flavourings:13.061 difurfuryl ether
FEMA Number:3337 difurfuryl ether
FDA:No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF):4437-22-3 ; DIFURFURYL ETHER
 
Physical Properties:
Appearance:colorless to yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay: 97.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity:1.50600 to 1.51200 @ 25.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 12.531 to 12.581
Refractive Index:1.13800 to 1.14400 @ 20.00 °C.
Boiling Point: 101.00 °C. @ 2.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 88.00 to 89.00 °C. @ 1.00 mm Hg
Acid Value: 1.00 max. KOH/g
Vapor Pressure:0.109000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 222.00 °F. TCC ( 105.56 °C. )
logP (o/w): 1.797 (est)
Soluble in:
 alcohol
 water, 711.3 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Insoluble in:
 water
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor Type: coffee
coffee nutty earthy
Odor Description:at 0.10 % in propylene glycol. coffee nutty earthy
Flavor Type: coffee
coffee mushroom
Taste Description: coffee mushroom-like
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
Taytonn ASCC
Difurfuryl Ether
Odor Description:Coffee, Earthy, Mushroom
Taste Description:coffee
 
Cosmetic Information:
None found
 
Suppliers:
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Furan, 2,2'-(oxybis(methylene))bis-
Penta International
DIFURFURYL ETHER
Taytonn ASCC
Difurfuryl Ether
Odor: Coffee, Earthy, Mushroom
United International
Difurfuryl Ether
WholeChem
Difurfuryl ether
 
Safety Information:
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xi - Irritant
R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 210 mg/kg
GASTROINTESTINAL: ULCERATION OR BLEEDING FROM DUODENUM GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA" GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF SALIVARY GLANDS
Acute Toxicity Data. Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Part B. Vol. 1, Pg. 93, 1990.

Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
flavoring agents
Recommendation for difurfuryl ether usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 0.12 (μg/capita/day)
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): 0.09 (μg/capita/day)
Structure Class: II
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 6
Click here to view publication 6
 average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: -1.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic): --
beverages(alcoholic): --
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: --
condiments / relishes: --
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: --
fruit ices: --
gelatins / puddings: --
granulated sugar: --
gravies: -1.00000
hard candy: --
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: -1.00000
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: -1.00000
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --
 
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Flavouring Group Evaluation 67 (FGE.67): Consideration of 40 furan-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and related esters, sulfides, disulfides and ethers evaluated by JECFA at the 65th meeting (JECFA, 2006b) and re-evaluated at the 69th meeting (JECFA, 2009c)
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 67, Revision 1 (FGE.67Rev.1): Consideration of 40 furan-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and related esters, sulfides, disulfides and ethers evaluated by JECFA at the 65th meeting (JECFA, 2006b) and re-evaluated at the 69th meeting (JECFA, 2009c)
View page or View pdf

Statement on List of Representative Substances for Testing. The current Statement lays down a list of substances in sub-groups with representative substances for which additional data are required prior to their evaluation through the Procedure (Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000).
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 67 Revision 2 (FGE.67Rev2): Consideration of 28 furan-substituted compounds evaluated by JECFA at the 55th, 65th and 69th meetings (JECFA, 2001, 2006a, 2009b)
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 67, Revision 3 (FGE.67Rev3): consideration of 23 furan-substituted compounds evaluated by JECFA at the 55th, 65th, 69th and 86th meetings
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):4437-22-3
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :263034
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:3
2-(furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl)furan
Chemidplus:0004437223
 
References:
 2-(furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl)furan
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:4437-22-3
Pubchem (cid):263034
Pubchem (sid):135263851
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB33248
FooDB:FDB011267
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
EFSA Update of results on the monitoring of furan levels in food:Read Report
EFSA Previous report: Results on the monitoring of furan levels in food:Read Report
EFSA Report of the CONTAM Panel on provisional findings on furan in food:Read Report
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
For Odor
No odor group found for these
sulfuryl octanoate
FL/FR
sulfuryl butyrate
FL/FR
sulfuryl decanoate
FL/FR
sulfuryl hexanoate
FL/FR
sulfuryl isobutyrate
FL/FR
sulfuryl propionate
FL/FR
alliaceous
alliaceous
methyl furfuryl disulfide
FL/FR
balsamic
2-
acetyl furan
FL/FR
(E)-
benzyl tiglate
FL/FR
caramellic
coffee dione
FL/FR
cyclotene
FL/FR
fenugreek absolute
FL/FR
fenugreek oleoresin
FL/FR
iso
propenyl pyrazine
FL/FR
chocolate
cocoa hexenal
FL/FR
2,6-
dimethyl pyrazine
FL/FR
2,4,5-
trimethyl thiazole
FL/FR
cocoa
2-
methyl butyraldehyde
FL/FR
coffee
cichorium intybus root extract
FL/FR
cichorium intybus root solid extract
FL/FR
coffea arabica seed extract
FL/FR
roasted
coffea arabica seed extract
FL/FR
coffea arabica seed oil
FL/FR
coffee absolute
FL/FR
arabica
coffee bean butter
FL/FR
roasted arabica
coffee bean essence
FL/FR
roasted
coffee bean extract
FL/FR
roasted arabica
coffee bean oil
FL/FR
roasted arabica
coffee bean oil CO2 extract
FL/FR
coffee bean oil extract
FL/FR
coffee difuran
FL/FR
coffee resinoid
FL/FR
furfuryl mercaptan
FL/FR
1-
hydroxy-2-butanone
FL/FR
2-
methyl-3-,5 or 6-(furfuryl thio) pyrazine
FL/FR
earthy
benzyl tiglate
FL/FR
dibenzyl ether
FL/FR
1-
nonen-3-ol
FL/FR
nutty pyrazine
FL/FR
3-
octanol
FL/FR
1-
octen-3-ol
FL/FR
floral
octyl acetate
FL/FR
2-
phenyl propionaldehyde dimethyl acetal
FL/FR
fruity
tropical thiazole
FL/FR
green
geranium thiazole
FL/FR
2-
heptyl furan
FL/FR
phenyl acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal
FL/FR
herbal
thymyl methyl ether
FL/FR
medicinal
2,6-
xylenol
FL/FR
musty
3-
acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan
FL/FR
hazelnut pyrazine
FL/FR
menthofuran
FL/FR
nutty
2-
acetyl-3-ethyl pyrazine
FL/FR
2-
acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine
FL/FR
3,5-
cocoa pyrazine
FL/FR
3,6-
cocoa pyrazine
FL/FR
2,3-
dimethyl pyrazine
FL/FR
4,5-
dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline
FL/FR
2-
ethyl-4-methyl thiazole
FL/FR
filbert heptenone
FL/FR
2,6-
lutidine
FL/FR
5-
methyl quinoxaline
FL/FR
2-
methyl thio-3,5 or 6-methyl pyrazine
FL/FR
nutty quinoxaline
FL/FR
2,3,5,6-
tetramethyl pyrazine
FL/FR
popcorn
2-
acetyl pyrazine
FL/FR
sulfurous
benzothiazole
FL/FR
furfuryl thioacetate
FL/FR
S-
furfuryl thioformate
FL/FR
2-
methyl 5-(methyl thio) furan
FL/FR
O-
methyl S-1-methoxyhexan-3-yl carbonothioate
FL/FR
vegetable
1-
furfuryl pyrrole
FL/FR
mesityl oxide
FL/FR
tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
FL/FR
waxy
2-
tridecanone
FL/FR
For Flavor
No flavor group found for these
benzyl tiglate
FL/FR
6,7-
dihydro-2,3-dimethyl-5H-cyclopentapyrazine
FL
dimethyl dihydrocyclopentapyrazine
FL
6,7-
dimethyl dihydrocyclopentapyrazine
FL
2,5-
dimethyl thiazole
FL
2,5-
dimethyl-3-thiofuroyl furan
FL
furfural diethyl acetal
FL
tris(
methyl thio) methane
FL
2-
methyl-3-,5 or 6-(furfuryl thio) pyrazine
FL/FR
1,5-
octadien-3-ol
FL
sulfuryl butyrate
FL/FR
sulfuryl decanoate
FL/FR
sulfuryl hexanoate
FL/FR
sulfuryl isobutyrate
FL/FR
sulfuryl formate
FL
sulfuryl octanoate
FL/FR
sulfuryl propionate
FL/FR
absinthe
absinthe
absinthe flavor
FL
alliaceous
benzyl mercaptan
FL
dicyclohexyl disulfide
FL
tropical thiazole
FL/FR
balsamic
(E)-
benzyl tiglate
FL/FR
brown
fenugreek oleoresin
FL/FR
1-
hydroxy-2-butanone
FL/FR
burnt
furfuryl alcohol
FL
1-(2-
furfuryl thio) propanone
FL
2-
methyl quinoxaline
FL
iso
propenyl pyrazine
FL/FR
2,6-
xylenol
FL/FR
caramellic
caramel furanone
FL
cyclotene
FL/FR
fenugreek absolute
FL/FR
chocolate
mocha cream flavor
FL
cocoa
cocoa hexenal
FL/FR
coffee
cappuccino flavor
FL
chicory flavor
FL
chicory root distillates
FL
chicory root essence
FL
roasted
chicory root oil
FL
chicory tincture
FL
cichorium intybus root extract
FL/FR
cichorium intybus root solid extract
FL/FR
coffea arabica seed extract
FL/FR
roasted
coffea arabica seed extract
FL/FR
coffea arabica seed oil
FL/FR
coffea canephora seed extract
FL
coffee absolute
FL/FR
arabica
coffee bean butter
FL/FR
roasted
coffee bean concentrate
FL
roasted robusta
coffee bean essence
FL
roasted arabica
coffee bean essence
FL/FR
roasted
coffee bean essence
FL
dried roasted
coffee bean extract
FL
roasted robusta
coffee bean extract
FL
roasted
coffee bean extract
FL/FR
roasted arabica
coffee bean oil CO2 extract
FL/FR
coffee bean oil extract
FL/FR
coffee creme brulee flavor
FL
coffee difuran
FL/FR
coffee dione
FL/FR
coffee distillates
FL
espresso
coffee distillates
FL
coffee enhancers
FL
espresso
coffee essence
FL
espresso
coffee extract
FL
coffee flavor
FL
irish
coffee flavor
FL
dark roast
coffee flavor
FL
espresso
coffee flavor
FL
coffee liqueur flavor
FL
coffee pyrazine
FL
coffee resinoid
FL/FR
coffee royale flavor
FL
diisoamyl thiomalate
FL
2,4-
dimethyl thiazole
FL
2-
ethyl-4-methyl thiazole
FL/FR
furfuryl mercaptan
FL/FR
methyl furfuryl disulfide
FL/FR
methyl furfuryl mercaptopropionate
FL
2-
methyl-5-vinyl pyrazine
FL
2-iso
propyl pyrazine
FL
2-
thiophene thiol
FL
creamy
acetyl ethyl carbinol
FL
dairy
creme brulle coffee flavor
FL
earthy
difurfuryl sulfide
FL
1-
nonen-3-ol
FL/FR
1,8-
octane dithiol
FL
2-
thienyl disulfide
FL
fatty
2-
heptyl furan
FL/FR
2-
tridecanone
FL/FR
fishy
4,5-
dimethyl thiazole
FL
fruity
dibenzyl ether
FL/FR
furfuryl propionate
FL
2-
phenyl propionaldehyde dimethyl acetal
FL/FR
fusel
2-
methyl butyraldehyde
FL/FR
green
dihydroxyacetophenone (mixed isomers)
FL
3,4-
dimethoxystyrene
FL
geranium thiazole
FL/FR
2-
methyl-5-isopropyl pyrazine
FL
phenyl acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal
FL/FR
meaty
benzothiazole
FL/FR
2,6-
dimethyl pyrazine
FL/FR
3-
mercapto-2-butanone
FL
2-
methyl 3-(methyl thio) furan
FL
mushroom
1-
octen-3-ol
FL/FR
mustard
furfuryl methyl ether
FL
musty
2-
ethoxythiazole
FL
hazelnut pyrazine
FL/FR
menthofuran
FL/FR
2-
methyl 5-(methyl thio) furan
FL/FR
3-
octanol
FL/FR
thymyl methyl ether
FL/FR
nutty
2-
acetyl furan
FL/FR
3-
acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan
FL/FR
2-
acetyl-3-ethyl pyrazine
FL/FR
2-
acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine
FL/FR
3,6-
cocoa pyrazine
FL/FR
3,5-
cocoa pyrazine
FL/FR
3,5(6)-
cocoa pyrazine
FL
2,3-
dimethyl pyrazine
FL/FR
4,5-
dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline
FL/FR
filbert heptenone
FL/FR
2,6-
lutidine
FL/FR
5-
methyl quinoxaline
FL/FR
2-
methyl thio-3,5 or 6-methyl pyrazine
FL/FR
nutty pyrazine
FL/FR
nutty quinoxaline
FL/FR
nutty thiazole
FL
tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
FL/FR
2,3,5,6-
tetramethyl pyrazine
FL/FR
2,4,5-
trimethyl thiazole
FL/FR
onion
furfuryl isopropyl sulfide
FL
popcorn
2-
propionyl-2-thiazoline
FL
potato
mesityl oxide
FL/FR
roasted
2-
acetyl pyrazine
FL/FR
roasted arabica
coffee bean oil
FL/FR
ethyl 3-(furfuryl thio) propionate
FL
furfuryl thioacetate
FL/FR
O-
methyl S-1-methoxyhexan-3-yl carbonothioate
FL/FR
spicy
cinnamon hazelnut cappuccino flavor
FL
sulfurous
butyl mercaptan
FL
ethyl methyl sulfide
FL
S-
furfuryl thioformate
FL/FR
furfuryl thiopropionate
FL
3-
methyl-2-butane thiol
FL
2-
thienyl mercaptan
FL
vegetable
1-
furfuryl pyrrole
FL/FR
waxy
octyl 2-furoate
FL
octyl acetate
FL/FR
 
Potential Uses:
FLcoffee
FLnut
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 chicory root oil @ 0.028%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 coffee
Search PMC Picture
 
Synonyms:
2,2'-difurfuryl ether
2,2'-(oxydimethanediyl)difuran
2,2'-(oxydimethylene) difuran
2,2'-(oxydimethylene)difuran
2-(furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl) furan
2-(furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl)furan
 furan, 2,2'-(oxydimethylene)di-
 furan, 2,2'-[oxybis(methylene)]bis-
 furan, 2,2prime-(oxybis(methylene))bis-
 furfuryl ether
2,2'-(oxybis(methylene)) bisfuran
2,2'-(oxybis(methylene))bisfuran
2,2'-[oxybis(methylene)]bisfuran
2,2'-[oxybis(methylene)]difuran
 
 
Notes:
Flavouring ingredient
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