|
Category:flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | yellow to brown liquid or solid (est) |
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00
|
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Specific Gravity: | 1.01100 @ 25.00 °C.
|
| Refractive Index: | 1.53800 @ 20.00 °C.
|
| Melting Point: | 22.00 to 26.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Boiling Point: | 210.00 to 212.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Vapor Pressure: | 0.129000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point: | 203.00 °F. TCC ( 95.00 °C. )
|
| logP (o/w): | 2.300 |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water, 4068 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
| Insoluble in: |
| | water |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor Type: smoky |
| Odor Strength:low |
| smoky roasted |
| Odor Description:at 100.00 %. weak smoky roasted dark |
| Flavor Type: burnt |
| burnt roasted |
| Taste Description: burnt roasted |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
| EMD Millipore |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2,4-Dimethylphenol
|
| ExtraSynthese |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2,4-Dimethylphenol (GC) ≥97%
|
| M&U International |
| 2,4-XYLENOL
|
| M&U International |
| 2,4-Xylenol
|
| Penta International |
| 2,4-XYLENOL
|
| Santa Cruz Biotechnology |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2,4-Dimethylphenol
|
| Sigma-Aldrich |
| 2,4-Xylenol, ≥98%
≥98% |
| Certified Food Grade Products |
| Synerzine |
| 2,4-Xylenol
|
| TCI AMERICA |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2,4-Dimethylphenol >98.0%(GC)
|
| Vigon International |
| Xylenol-2 4
Odor: SWEET, TARRY-LIKE |
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
| European information : |
| Most important hazard(s): | | T N - Toxic, Dangerous for the environment. |
R 24/25 - Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed.
R 34 - Causes burns.
R 51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
S 01/02 - Keep locked up and out of the reach of children.
S 20/21 - When using do not eat, drink or smoke.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
S 45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately.
S 61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet.
|
| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
| |
| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 3200 mg/kg
Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 18(2), Pg. 58, 1974.
oral-mouse LD50 809 mg/kg
Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 18(2), Pg. 58, 1974.
intravenous-mouse LD50 100 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: SLEEP
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. Vol. 23, Pg. 1350, 1980.
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 183 mg/kg
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. Vol. 18, Pg. 868, 1975.
|
| Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-rat LD50 1040 mg/kg
Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 18(2), Pg. 58, 1974.
|
| Inhalation Toxicity: |
inhalation-rat LC > 30 mg/m3
Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 23(10), Pg. 52, 1979.
|
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | flavor and fragrance agents |
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search |
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
| |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.011 (μg/capita/day) |
| Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): | 420 (μg/person/day) |
| Threshold of Concern: | 1800 (μg/person/day) |
| Structure Class: | I |
| |
| Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i). |
| Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm. |
| | average usage mg/kg | maximum usage mg/kg |
| Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): | 0.50000 | 2.50000 |
| Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
| Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): | 0.50000 | 2.50000 |
| Processed fruit (04.1): | 0.40000 | 2.00000 |
| Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): | - | - |
| Confectionery (05.0): | 1.00000 | 5.00000 |
| Chewing gum (05.3): | - | - |
| Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
| Bakery wares (07.0): | 2.00000 | 10.00000 |
| Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
| Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
| Eggs and egg products (10.0): | - | - |
| Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): | - | - |
| Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): | 0.30000 | 1.50000 |
| Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): | 0.50000 | 2.50000 |
| Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
| Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): | 1.00000 | 5.00000 |
| Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): | 2.00000 | 10.00000 |
| Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): | 0.40000 | 2.00000 |
Safety References:
References:
Other Information:
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| CHEBI: | View |
| CHEMBL: | View |
| KEGG (GenomeNet): | C14582 |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | Search |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2907.19.6100 |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
Formulations/Preparations:
•2,4-xylenol and m-cresol in an emulsified formulation of hydrocarbons and water. horticultural formulation for eradication of crown gall tumors. bacticin
•xylenol 100; a high purity fraction of 2,4- and 2,5- xylenol (ortho xylenols); typical composition: 2,4- 2,5-xylenol 93%; meta para cresol 2%; other xylenols 5% from table
•pitt-consol xylenol 410 is a synthetic xylenol blend homolog distribution, wt %: 2,6-xylenol, 1; 2,4-xylenol, 42; 2,5-xylenol, 43; 2,3-xylenol group, 14. xylenol 410
•bulk lysol brand disinfectant, soluble concentrate, 1.5% 2,4-xylenol.
•bacticin, solution-ready to use, 0.463% 2,4-xylenol.
•gallex, invert emulsion, 0.463% 2,4-xylenol.
•gallex, solution-ready to use, 0.463% 2,4-xylenol.
•du cor concentrated fly insecticide, emulsifiable concentrate, 47.87% 2,4-xylenol (unspecified or mixed from 2,4-xylenol).
•gable-tite dark creosote (creola), impregnated materials, 9.5% 2,4-xylenol.
•gable-tite light creosote (creola), impregnated materials, 1.6% 2,4-xylenol.
•standard commercial grades of 2,4-dimethylphenol are mixtures containing about 55% 2,4-dimethylphenol and 27% 2,5-dimethylphenol; upgraded material also sold.
|
Potential Blenders and core components note
| For Odor |
| alliaceous |
methyl furfuryl disulfide
FL/FR |
| balsamic |
2- acetyl furan
FL/FR |
| caramellic |
coffee dione
FL/FR |
cyclotene
FL/FR |
| chocolate |
2,6- dimethyl pyrazine
FL/FR |
2,4,5- trimethyl thiazole
FL/FR |
| cocoa |
2- methyl butyraldehyde
FL/FR |
| coffee |
coffee difuran
FL/FR |
furfuryl mercaptan
FL/FR |
1- hydroxy-2-butanone
FL/FR |
2- methyl-3-,5 or 6-(furfuryl thio) pyrazine
FL/FR |
| herbal |
wormwood oil america
FL/FR |
| medicinal |
2,6- xylenol
FL/FR |
| musty |
menthofuran
FL/FR |
| nutty |
3,5- cocoa pyrazine
FL/FR |
2,3- dimethyl pyrazine
FL/FR |
4,5- dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline
FL/FR |
filbert heptenone
FL/FR |
5- methyl quinoxaline
FL/FR |
2- methyl thio-3,5 or 6-methyl pyrazine
FL/FR |
2,3,5,6- tetramethyl pyrazine
FL/FR |
| popcorn |
2- acetyl pyrazine
FL/FR |
| sulfurous |
benzothiazole
FL/FR |
furfuryl thioacetate
FL/FR |
S- furfuryl thioformate
FL/FR |
2- methyl 5-(methyl thio) furan
FL/FR |
| vegetable |
1- furfuryl pyrrole
FL/FR |
| For Flavor |
| No flavor group found for these |
2,5- dimethyl-3-thiofuroyl furan
FL |
2- methyl-3-,5 or 6-(furfuryl thio) pyrazine
FL/FR |
| alliaceous |
| alliaceous |
benzyl mercaptan
FL |
dicyclohexyl disulfide
FL |
| brown |
1- hydroxy-2-butanone
FL/FR |
| burnt |
furfuryl alcohol
FL |
2- methyl quinoxaline
FL |
2,6- xylenol
FL/FR |
| caramellic |
caramel furanone
FL |
cyclotene
FL/FR |
| coffee |
coffee difuran
FL/FR |
coffee dione
FL/FR |
coffee pyrazine
FL |
difurfuryl ether
FL |
diisoamyl thiomalate
FL |
2,4- dimethyl thiazole
FL |
furfuryl mercaptan
FL/FR |
methyl furfuryl disulfide
FL/FR |
2- thiophene thiol
FL |
| earthy |
difurfuryl sulfide
FL |
| fruity |
furfuryl propionate
FL |
| fusel |
2- methyl butyraldehyde
FL/FR |
| green |
2- methyl-5-isopropyl pyrazine
FL |
| herbal |
wormwood oil america
FL/FR |
| meaty |
benzothiazole
FL/FR |
2,6- dimethyl pyrazine
FL/FR |
2- methyl 3-(methyl thio) furan
FL |
| mustard |
furfuryl methyl ether
FL |
| musty |
menthofuran
FL/FR |
2- methyl 5-(methyl thio) furan
FL/FR |
| nutty |
2- acetyl furan
FL/FR |
3,5- cocoa pyrazine
FL/FR |
3,5(6)- cocoa pyrazine
FL |
2,3- dimethyl pyrazine
FL/FR |
4,5- dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline
FL/FR |
filbert heptenone
FL/FR |
5- methyl quinoxaline
FL/FR |
2- methyl thio-3,5 or 6-methyl pyrazine
FL/FR |
2,3,5,6- tetramethyl pyrazine
FL/FR |
2,4,5- trimethyl thiazole
FL/FR |
| onion |
furfuryl isopropyl sulfide
FL |
| roasted |
2- acetyl pyrazine
FL/FR |
ethyl 3-(furfuryl thio) propionate
FL |
furfuryl thioacetate
FL/FR |
| sulfurous |
butyl mercaptan
FL |
ethyl methyl sulfide
FL |
S- ethyl thioacetate
FL |
S- furfuryl thioformate
FL/FR |
furfuryl thiopropionate
FL |
2- thienyl mercaptan
FL |
| vegetable |
1- furfuryl pyrrole
FL/FR |
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | asym.-m-Xylenol | | | bacticin | | 2,4- | dimethyl phenol | | 2,4- | dimethyl-phenol | | 2,4- | dimethylphenol | | | gallex | | 4- | hydroxy-1,3-dimethylbenzene | | 1- | hydroxy-2,4-dimethylbenzene | | 4- | hydroxy-m-xylene | | | lysol | | o- | methyl-p-cresol | | | phenol, 2,4-dimethyl- | | m- | xylenol | | meta- | xylenol | | | xylenol-2 4 |
Articles:
| US Patents:3,946,080 - Flavouring and perfuming ingredients |
| PubMed:Possible intermediates of Cu(phen)-catalyzed C-O cross-coupling of phenol with an aryl bromide by in situ ESI-MS and EPR studies. |
| US Patents:3,952,024 - Furfurylthioacetone |
| PubMed:Capabilities and limitations of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with solidification of floating organic drop for the extraction of organic pollutants from water samples. |
| PubMed:Identification of crude-oil components and microorganisms that cause souring under anaerobic conditions. |
| PubMed:The catabolism of 2,4-xylenol and p-cresol share the enzymes for the oxidation of para-methyl group in Pseudomonas putida NCIMB 9866. |
| PubMed:Amino modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes/polydimethylsiloxane coated stir bar sorptive extraction coupled to high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the determination of phenols in environmental samples. |
| PubMed:[Phenols pollutants in soil and shallow groundwater of a retired refinery site]. |
| PubMed:An effective strategy for a whole-cell biosensor based on putative effector interaction site of the regulatory DmpR protein. |
| PubMed:Assessment of priority phenolic compounds in sediments from an extremely polluted coastal wetland (Lake Maryut, Egypt). |
| PubMed:Determination of phenols with ion chromatography-online electrochemical derivatization based on porous electrode-fluorescence detection. |
| PubMed:Installation of amine moieties into a polycyclic anodic product derived from 2,4-dimethylphenol. |
| PubMed:[Determination of 4 phenols in water by three phase hollow fiber microextraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography]. |
| PubMed:Treatment of substituted phenol mixtures in single phase and two-phase solid-liquid partitioning bioreactors. |
| PubMed:Dearomatisation of o-xylene by P450BM3 (CYP102A1). |
| PubMed:Diversity-oriented synthesis of polycyclic scaffolds by modification of an anodic product derived from 2,4-dimethylphenol. |
| PubMed:In vitro metabolism of oxymetazoline: evidence for bioactivation to a reactive metabolite. |
| PubMed:Selective determination of 2,4-xylenol by gas chromatography/supersonic jet/resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:2,4-Dimethylphenol imprinted polymers as a solid-phase extraction sorbent for class-selective extraction of phenolic compounds from environmental water. |
| PubMed:Benzylic and aryl hydroxylations of m-xylene by o-xylene dioxygenase from Rhodococcus sp. strain DK17. |
| PubMed:Treatment of municipal solid waste leachate using a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor at mesophilic and psychrophilic temperatures: analysis of recalcitrants in the permeate using GC-MS. |
| PubMed:Filter-based treatment of leachate from an industrial landfill containing shredder residues of end-of-life vehicles and white goods. |
| PubMed:Selective ionization of 2,4-xylenol in mass spectrometry using a tunable laser and supersonic jet technique. |
| PubMed:Detection of phenolic compounds in flow systems based on tyrosinase-modified reticulated vitreous carbon electrodes. |
| PubMed:Simple and sensitive determination of 2,4-xylenol in surface water samples from river and sea by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:An amperometric biosensor based on multiwalled carbon nanotube-poly(pyrrole)-horseradish peroxidase nanobiocomposite film for determination of phenol derivatives. |
| PubMed:Effect of humic substances on the Fenton treatment of wastewater at acidic and neutral pH. |
| PubMed:Mice recognize recent urine scent marks by the molecular composition. |
| PubMed:Chemical oxidation of 2,4-dimethylphenol in soil by heterogeneous Fenton process. |
| PubMed:[New efficient producers of fungal laccases]. |
| PubMed:Laccase-catalyzed removal of 2,4-dimethylphenol from synthetic wastewater: effect of polyethylene glycol and dissolved oxygen. |
| PubMed:Multiple-ligand binding in CYP2A6: probing mechanisms of cytochrome P450 cooperativity by assessing substrate dynamics. |
| PubMed:Comparison of the effect of phenol and its derivatives on protein and free radical formation in human erythrocytes (in vitro). |
| PubMed:Development, validation and application of a method to analyze phenols in water samples by solid phase micro extraction-gas chromatography-flame ionization detector. |
| PubMed:A 4-alkyl-substituted analogue of guaiacol shows greater repellency to savannah tsetse (Glossina spp.). |
| PubMed:Determination of phenolic compounds in wastewater by liquid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography. |
| PubMed:Methylphenols removal from water by low-cost adsorbents. |
| PubMed:[New ways to increasing the yield of laccase from Panus tigrinus fungi]. |
| PubMed:Carbon isotope fractionation of organic contaminants due to retardation on humic substances: implications for natural attenuation studies in aquifers. |
| PubMed:The Missoula Valley semivolatile and volatile organic compound study: seasonal average concentrations. |
| PubMed:Membrane-assisted solvent extraction of seven phenols combined with large volume injection-gas chromatography-mass spectrometric detection. |
| PubMed:Solid-phase microextraction of phenol compounds using a fused-silica fiber coated with beta-cyclodextrin-bonded silica particles. |
| PubMed:Ruthenium(II)-tris-bipyridine/titanium dioxide codoped zeolite Y photocatalysts: II. Photocatalyzed degradation of the model pollutant 2,4-xylidine, evidence for percolation behavior. |
| PubMed:Degradation of water-insoluble dyes by microperoxidase-11, an effective and stable peroxidative catalyst in hydrophilic organic media. |
| PubMed:Molybdenum complexes with linked cycloheptatrienyl-phenolate ligands. |
| PubMed:An N,N'-dialkyl-4,4'-bipyridinium-modified titanium-dioxide photocatalyst for water remediation--observation and application of supramolecular effects in photocatalytic degradation of pi-donor organic compounds. |
| PubMed:Trace level determination of phenols as pentafluorobenzyl derivatives by gas chromatography-negative-ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Organization and regulation of meta cleavage pathway genes for toluene and o-xylene derivative degradation in Pseudomonas stutzeri OX1. |
| PubMed:Determination of Henry's law constants of phenols by pervaporation-flow injection analysis. |
| PubMed:Removal of phenols from aqueous solution by XAD-4 resin. |
| PubMed:Catalase activity in human erythrocytes: effect of phenoxyherbicides and their metabolites. |
| PubMed:Generation of novel bacterial regulatory proteins that detect priority pollutant phenols. |
| PubMed:Synthesis and analytical properties of a novel columnar metallomesogenic polymer. |
| PubMed:Ligand- and subtype-selective coupling of human alpha-2 adrenoceptors to Ca++ elevation in Chinese hamster ovary cells. |
| PubMed:Influence of phenoxyherbicides and their metabolites on the form of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin of vertebrates. |
| PubMed:Effects of creosote compounds on the aerobic bio-degradation of benzene. |
| PubMed:The influence of creosote compounds on the aerobic degradation of toluene. |
| PubMed:Human cytochrome P450 isoform specificity in the regioselective metabolism of toluene and o-, m- and p-xylene. |
| PubMed:A microassay for urinary phenol using capillary gas chromatography and optimised enzymic hydrolysis. |
| PubMed:A novel toluene-3-monooxygenase pathway cloned from Pseudomonas pickettii PKO1. |
| PubMed:Development of an amperometric biosensor for the determination of phenolic compounds in reversed micelles. |
| PubMed:Biodegradation of ortho-cresol by a mixed culture of nitrate-reducing bacteria growing on toluene. |
| PubMed:Ten and ninety-day toxicity studies of 2,4-dimethylphenol in Sprague-Dawley rats. |
| PubMed:Metabolic interaction and disposition of methyl ethyl ketone and m-xylene in rats at single and repeated inhalation exposures. |
| PubMed:Anaerobic degradation of cresols by denitrifying bacteria. |
| PubMed:Use of polymeric sorbents for the off-line preconcentration of priority pollutant phenols from water for high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis. |
| PubMed:In vitro cytotoxicity of organic pollutants to bluegill sunfish (BF-2) cells. |
| PubMed:Rat lung and liver cytochrome P-450 isozymes involved in the hydroxylation of m-xylene. |
| PubMed:Pharmacologic and genetic studies on the modulatory effects of butylated hydroxytoluene on mouse lung adenoma formation. |
| PubMed:Urinalysis of minor metabolites of ethylbenzene and m-xylene. |
| PubMed:Urinary disposition of ethylbenzene and m-xylene in man following separate and combined exposure. |
| PubMed:Cellular toxicity in Chinese hamster ovary cell cultures. II. A statistical appraisal of sensitivity with the rabbit alveolar macrophage, Syrian hamster embryo, BALB 3T3 mouse, and human neonatal fibroblast cell systems. |
| PubMed:Mutagenicity testing in the Salmonella typhimurium assay of phenolic compounds and phenolic fractions obtained from smokehouse smoke condensates. |
| PubMed:Metabolic interaction between m-xylene and ethanol. |
| PubMed:Metabolism and distribution of 2,4-dimethylphenol in rat. |
| PubMed:Effects of phenol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, and pentachlorophenol on embryo, larval, and early-juvenile fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). |
| PubMed:Antimycoplasmal activity of dimethylphenols in a tracheal explant culture system. |
| PubMed:Kinetics of m-xylene in man: Influence of intermittent physical exercise and changing environmental concentrations on kinetics. |
| PubMed:Kinetics of m-xylene in man: General features of absorption, distribution, biotransformation and excretion in repetitive inhalation exposure. |
| PubMed:Semimicro spectrophotometric determination of nitroglycerine in propellants by use of 2,4-xylenol. |
| PubMed:Gas-liquid chromatographic determination of nitrate and nitrite in cheese, ham, fish sausage, cod roes, and salmon roes. |
| PubMed:Cross-linking of amino acids by formaldehyde. Preparation and 13C NMR spectra of model compounds. |
| PubMed:Bacterial metabolism of para- and meta-xylene: oxidation of the aromatic ring. |
| PubMed:A novel mechanism for the NIH-shift. |
| PubMed:Arene oxides as intermediates in the metabolism of aromatic substrates: alkyl and oxygen migrations during isomerization of alkylated arene oxides. |
| PubMed:Tentative method of analysis for nitrate in atmospheric particulate matter (2,4-xylenol method (1)). |
| PubMed:The bacterial metabolism of 2,4-xylenol. |
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3D/inchi