|
Category:flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | light green to tan crystalline powder (est) |
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00
|
| Halogens: | Chlorine free |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | 113.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Boiling Point: | 192.00 to 193.00 °C. @ 14.00 mm Hg
|
| Acid Value: | 1.00 max. KOH/g
|
| Flash Point: | > 230.00 °F. TCC ( > 110.00 °C. )
|
| logP (o/w): | 1.304 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water, 9526 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
| Insoluble in: |
| | water |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor Type: green |
| Odor Strength:low |
| Substantivity:400 hour(s) at 20.00 % in dipropylene glycol |
| plastic woody tonka chocolate |
Odor Description:at 100.00 %. mild plastic woody tonka sweet
Luebke, William tgsc, (2007) |
| Odor sample from: Sigma-Aldrich |
| Flavor Type: cocoa |
| sweet cocoa chocolate creamy dairy nutty |
Taste Description: sweet cocoa chocolate creamy dairy nutty
Luebke, William tgsc, (2007) |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
| Sigma-Aldrich |
| Syringaldehyde, ≥98%, FG |
| Odor Description:chocolate; grape; woody; smoky; wine-like |
| Taste Description:sweet fruity cherry spice nut |
| Pell Wall Perfumes |
| Syringaldehyde |
Odor Description:Mild, chocolate, vanilla, grape, smoky, plastic, woody, wine-like
Here’s Arctander talking about its scent: “Sweet, balsamic-floral odor of considerable tenacity. lt has notes in common with Vanillin but is not as sweet and not as Vanilla-like, more floral and slightly greener.” |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
| Alfa Biotechnology |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Syringaldehyde 98%
|
| BOC Sciences |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Syringaldehyde >98%
|
| CJ Latta & Associates |
| SYRANGALDEHYDE
|
| ExtraSynthese |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Syringaldehyde
|
| Pell Wall Perfumes |
| Syringaldehyde
Odor: Mild, chocolate, vanilla, grape, smoky, plastic, woody, wine-like Use: Here’s Arctander talking about its scent: “Sweet, balsamic-floral odor of considerable tenacity. lt has notes in common with Vanillin but is not as sweet and not as Vanilla-like, more floral and slightly greener.” |
| Penta International |
| SYRINGALDEHYDE
|
| Santa Cruz Biotechnology |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Syringaldehyde
|
| Sigma-Aldrich |
| Syringaldehyde, ≥98%, FG
Odor: chocolate; grape; woody; smoky; wine-like |
| Certified Food Grade Products |
| TCI AMERICA |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Syringaldehyde >98.0%(HPLC)(T)
|
| WholeChem |
| 4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde
|
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
| European information : |
| Most important hazard(s): | | Xn - Harmful. |
R 22 - Harmful if swallowed.
R 36/38 - Irritating to skin and eyes.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 20/21 - When using do not eat, drink or smoke.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection.
|
| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
| |
| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 1000 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX)
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. Vol. 7, Pg. 178, 1964.
|
| Dermal Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
|
| Inhalation Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | flavor and fragrance agents |
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search |
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
| Recommendation for syringaldehyde usage levels up to: | | | 2.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
|
| |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.74 (μg/capita/day) |
| Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): | 1600 (μg/person/day) |
| Threshold of Concern: | 1800 (μg/person/day) |
| Structure Class: | I |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 21 |
| Click here to view publication 21 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | 12.00000 | 60.00000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | 4.00000 | 20.00000 |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - |
| cheese: | - | - |
| chewing gum: | 15.00000 | 75.00000 |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - |
| egg products: | - | - |
| fats / oils: | - | - |
| fish products: | - | - |
| frozen dairy: | 6.00000 | 30.00000 |
| fruit ices: | - | - |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | - |
| granulated sugar: | - | - |
| gravies: | - | - |
| hard candy: | 6.00000 | 30.00000 |
| imitation dairy: | - | - |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
| jams / jellies: | - | - |
| meat products: | - | - |
| milk products: | 4.00000 | 20.00000 |
| nut products: | - | - |
| other grains: | - | - |
| poultry: | - | - |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | - | - |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
| snack foods: | - | - |
| soft candy: | - | - |
| soups: | - | - |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - |
| sweet sauces: | - | - |
| |
| Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i). |
| Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm. |
| | average usage mg/kg | maximum usage mg/kg |
| Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): | 3.00000 | 15.00000 |
| Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): | 2.00000 | 10.00000 |
| Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): | 3.00000 | 15.00000 |
| Processed fruit (04.1): | 2.00000 | 10.00000 |
| Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): | - | - |
| Confectionery (05.0): | 4.00000 | 20.00000 |
| Chewing gum (05.3): | - | - |
| Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): | 2.00000 | 10.00000 |
| Bakery wares (07.0): | 5.00000 | 25.00000 |
| Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): | 1.00000 | 5.00000 |
| Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): | 1.00000 | 5.00000 |
| Eggs and egg products (10.0): | - | - |
| Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): | - | - |
| Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): | 2.00000 | 10.00000 |
| Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): | 3.00000 | 15.00000 |
| Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): | 2.00000 | 10.00000 |
| Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): | 4.00000 | 20.00000 |
| Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): | 5.00000 | 25.00000 |
| Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): | 2.00000 | 10.00000 |
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...
|
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):
|
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 20 (FGE.20): Benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids, and related esters from chemical group 23
View page or View pdf
|
Flavouring Group Evaluation 52 (FGE.52): Consideration of hydroxy- and alkoxy-substituted benzyl derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids, and related esters evaluated by EFSA in FGE.20 (2005) (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC)
View page or View pdf
|
Flavouring Group Evaluation 54 (FGE.54)[1] - Consideration of benzyl derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids and related esters evaluated by EFSA in FGE.20 (2005) - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food
View page or View pdf
|
Flavouring Group Evaluation 20, Revision 1 (FGE.20Rev1): Benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids and related esters from chemical group 23
View page or View pdf
|
Flavouring Group Evaluation 54, Revision 1 (FGE.54Rev1): Consideration of benzyl derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids and related esters evaluated by EFSA in FGE.20Rev1 (2009)
View page or View pdf
|
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 20, Revision 2 (FGE.20Rev2): Benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids, and related esters from chemical groups 23 and 30
View page or View pdf
|
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 20, Revision 3(FGE.20Rev3): Benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids, and related esters from chemical groups 23 and 30
View page or View pdf
|
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 20, Revision 4 (FGE.20Rev4): Benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids, and related esters from chemical groups 23 and 30
View page or View pdf
|
| EPI System: View |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):134-96-3 |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :8655 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| WGK Germany:3 |
| 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde |
| Chemidplus:0000134963 |
| RTECS:CU5760000 for cas# 134-96-3 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | benzaldehyde, 4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxy- | | | benzaldehyde, 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy- | | 3,5- | dimethoxy-4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde | | 3,5- | dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde | | 3,5- | dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzene carbonal | | | gallaldehyde 3,5-dimethyl ether | | 4- | hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde | | 4- | hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy benzaldehyde | | 4- | hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-benzaldehyde | | 4- | hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde | | | springaldehyde | | | syringealdehyde | | | syringylaldehyde |
Articles:
| PubMed:Plant growth and phenolic compounds in the rhizosphere soil of wild oat (Avena fatua L.). |
| PubMed:Structural variation of bamboo lignin before and after ethanol organosolv pretreatment. |
| PubMed:[Chemical constituents of ethyl acetate fraction from Aeschynanthus bracteatus]. |
| PubMed:[Study on the chemical components of Gardenia jasminoides]. |
| PubMed:Effect of Saccharomyces strains on the quality of red wines aged on lees. |
| PubMed:Transcriptome analysis of Zymomonas mobilis ZM4 reveals mechanisms of tolerance and detoxification of phenolic aldehyde inhibitors from lignocellulose pretreatment. |
| PubMed:Sodium borohydride removes aldehyde inhibitors for enhancing biohydrogen fermentation. |
| PubMed:Inhibitory effects of furan derivatives and phenolic compounds on dark hydrogen fermentation. |
| PubMed:[Chemical constituents from Perovskia atriplicifolia]. |
| PubMed:Effect of lignocellulose-derived inhibitors on the growth and D-lactic acid production of Sporolactobacillus inulinus YBS1-5. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant capacity and chemical profiles of Satureja montana L. Honey: hotrienol and syringyl derivatives as biomarkers. |
| PubMed:A simple protocol to determine lignin S/G ratio in plants by UHPLC-MS. |
| PubMed:Synergistic action of laccases from Trametes hirsuta Bm2 improves decolourization of indigo carmine. |
| PubMed:Tolerance and adaptive evolution of triacylglycerol-producing Rhodococcus opacus to lignocellulose-derived inhibitors. |
| PubMed:Purification, characterization and synthetic application of a thermally stable laccase from Hexagonia tenuis MTCC-1119. |
| PubMed:The effect of phenol composition on the sensory profile of smoke affected wines. |
| PubMed:Electrochemical detoxification of phenolic compounds in lignocellulosic hydrolysate for Clostridium fermentation. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis by laccase-derived compounds from phenols. |
| PubMed:A new aldehyde compound from the fruit of Pandanus tectorius Parkinson ex Du Roi. |
| PubMed:Effect of electron donating groups on polyphenol-based antioxidant dendrimers. |
| PubMed:Effect of carbonyl inhibitors and their H₂O₂ detoxification on lactic acid fermentation. |
| PubMed:Functional characterization of a vanillin dehydrogenase in Corynebacterium glutamicum. |
| PubMed:Studying the effects of laccase treatment in a softwood dissolving pulp: cellulose reactivity and crystallinity. |
| PubMed:Syringaldehyde exerts neuroprotective effect on cerebral ischemia injury in rats through anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic properties. |
| PubMed:Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: guaiacol and catechol derivatives effectively inhibit certain human carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes (hCA I, II, IX and XII). |
| PubMed:[Chemical constituents of Jasminum giraldii and their antioxidant activity]. |
| PubMed:[Chemical constituents from roots of Illicium majus]. |
| PubMed:First laccase in green algae: purification and characterization of an extracellular phenol oxidase from Tetracystis aeria. |
| PubMed:Electron beam-induced immobilization of laccase on porous supports for waste water treatment applications. |
| PubMed:The effects of mediator and granular activated carbon addition on degradation of trace organic contaminants by an enzymatic membrane reactor. |
| PubMed:Chronoamperometric estimation of cognac and brandy antioxidant capacity using MWNT modified glassy carbon electrode. |
| PubMed:Phenolic composition of vinegars over an accelerated aging process using different wood species (acacia, cherry, chestnut, and oak): effect of wood toasting. |
| PubMed:Effect of chemical and metallic compounds on biomass, mRNA levels and laccase activity of Phlebia brevispora BAFC 633. |
| PubMed:Antimicrobial activities of some Thai traditional medical longevity formulations from plants and antibacterial compounds from Ficus foveolata. |
| PubMed:Inactivating effects of lignin-derived compounds released during lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment on the endo-glucanase catalyzed hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose: A study in continuous stirred ultrafiltration-membrane reactor. |
| PubMed:Inhibitory activity of carbonyl compounds on alcoholic fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. |
| PubMed:Structural variation of bamboo lignin before and after ethanol organosolv pretreatment. |
| PubMed:New colorimetric screening assays for the directed evolution of fungal laccases to improve the conversion of plant biomass. |
| PubMed:Copper-granule-catalyzed microwave-assisted click synthesis of polyphenol dendrimers. |
| PubMed:[Chemical constituents of ethyl acetate fraction from Aeschynanthus bracteatus]. |
| PubMed:[Study on the chemical components of Gardenia jasminoides]. |
| PubMed:Combination of computational methods, adsorption isotherms and selectivity tests for the conception of a mixed non-covalent-semi-covalent molecularly imprinted polymer of vanillin. |
| PubMed:Effect of selected aldehydes found in the corncob hemicellulose hydrolysate on the growth and xylitol fermentation of Candida tropicalis. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of growth of Zymomonas mobilis by model compounds found in lignocellulosic hydrolysates. |
| PubMed:Molecular markers of biomass burning in arctic aerosols. |
| PubMed:Differential sensitivity of polyhydroxyalkanoate producing bacteria to fermentation inhibitors and comparison of polyhydroxybutyrate production from Burkholderia cepacia and Pseudomonas pseudoflava. |
| PubMed:Effect of Saccharomyces strains on the quality of red wines aged on lees. |
| PubMed:Congeners in sugar cane spirits aged in casks of different woods. |
| PubMed:Extraction/oxidation kinetics of low molecular weight compounds in wine brandy resulting from different ageing technologies. |
| PubMed:Effect of the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ on lignin depolymerization. |
| PubMed:Fractionation of organosolv lignin from olive tree clippings and its valorization to simple phenolic compounds. |
| PubMed:Laccase from Pycnoporus cinnabarinus and phenolic compounds: can the efficiency of an enzyme mediator for delignifying kenaf pulp be predicted? |
| PubMed:Furfural formation from the pre-hydrolysis liquor of a hardwood kraft-based dissolving pulp production process. |
| PubMed:Survey of renewable chemicals produced from lignocellulosic biomass during ionic liquid pretreatment. |
| PubMed:Capillary electrophoresis for the monitoring of phenolic compounds in bioprocesses. |
| PubMed:A new biobleaching sequence for kenaf pulp: influence of the chemical nature of the mediator and thermogravimetric analysis of the pulp. |
| PubMed:Prediction model based on decision tree analysis for laccase mediators. |
| PubMed:Heterogeneous reactions of particulate methoxyphenols with NO₃ radicals: kinetics, products, and mechanisms. |
| PubMed:Antihyperglycemic effect of syringaldehyde in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. |
| PubMed:Effects of lignin-derived phenolic compounds on xylitol production and key enzyme activities by a xylose utilizing yeast Candida athensensis SB18. |
| PubMed:Laccase for biobleaching of eucalypt kraft pulp by means of a modified industrial bleaching sequence. |
| PubMed:Mechanism inspired development of rationally designed dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors as anticancer agents. |
| PubMed:Laccase-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanofiber: highly stable, reusable, and efficacious for the transformation of diclofenac. |
| PubMed:Environmental stresses of field growth allow cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase-deficient Nicotiana attenuata plants to compensate for their structural deficiencies. |
| PubMed:Biological activities of lignin hydrolysate-related compounds. |
| PubMed:Effect of natural mediators on the stability of Trametes trogii laccase during the decolourization of textile wastewaters. |
| PubMed:Lignin structural variation in hardwood species. |
| PubMed:A new asymmetric diamide from the seed cake of Jatropha curcas L. |
| PubMed:Phenolic compounds from the aerial parts of Diplomorpha canescens. |
| PubMed:QTLs for agronomic and cell wall traits in a maize RIL progeny derived from a cross between an old Minnesota13 line and a modern Iodent line. |
| PubMed:Investigating the structure-effect relationships of various natural phenols used as laccase mediators in the biobleaching of kenaf and sisal pulps. |
| PubMed:The implication of mediators for enhancement of laccase oxidation of sulfonamide antibiotics. |
| PubMed:An unusual caffeic acid derived bicyclic [2.2.2] octane lignan and other constituents from Cordia rufescens. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant phenolic compounds of cassava (Manihot esculenta) from Hainan. |
| PubMed:DNA topoisomerase IIα inhibitory and anti-HIV-1 flavones from leaves and twigs of Gardenia carinata. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of enzymatic cellulolysis by phenolic compounds. |
| PubMed:Azo dye decolorization by a laccase/mediator system in a membrane reactor: enzyme and mediator reusability. |
| PubMed:Effect of lignin-derived and furan compounds found in lignocellulosic hydrolysates on biomethane production. |
| PubMed:Extraction of lignins from aqueous-ionic liquid mixtures by organic solvents. |
| PubMed:Chemical constituents of Stereospermum acuminatissimum and their urease and α-chymotrypsin inhibitions. |
| PubMed:Ethnobotanical survey, chemical composition, and antioxidant capacity of methanolic extract of the root bark of Annona cuneata Oliv. |
| PubMed:[Study on chemical constituents from ethyl acetate extract of Myricaria bracteata]. |
| PubMed:A rapid sample screening method for authenticity control of whiskey using capillary electrophoresis with online preconcentration. |
| PubMed:[Determination of main degradation products of lignin using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography]. |
| PubMed:Antimutagenic constituents of adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf) with potential cancer chemopreventive activity. |
| PubMed:Towards industrially-feasible delignification and pitch removal by treating paper pulp with Myceliophthora thermophila laccase and a phenolic mediator. |
| PubMed:Effects of laccase-natural mediator systems on kenaf pulp. |
| PubMed:Development and validation of two methods based on high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for determining 1,2-benzopyrone, dihydrocoumarin, o-coumaric acid, syringaldehyde and kaurenoic acid in guaco extracts and pharmaceutical preparations. |
| PubMed:Lignin-derived oak phenolics: a theoretical examination of additional potential health benefits of red wine. |
| PubMed:Maple syrup phytochemicals include lignans, coumarins, a stilbene, and other previously unreported antioxidant phenolic compounds. |
| PubMed:Potent antioxidant dendrimers lacking pro-oxidant activity. |
| PubMed:[Phenol constituents of Pachysandra terminalis and their antioxidant activity]. |
| PubMed:Biological detoxification of different hemicellulosic hydrolysates using Issatchenkia occidentalis CCTCC M 206097 yeast. |
| PubMed:Inhibitory action of toxic compounds present in lignocellulosic hydrolysates on xylose to xylitol bioconversion by Candida guilliermondii. |
| PubMed:Volatiles from a rare Acer spp. honey sample from Croatia. |
| PubMed:Miscanthus x giganteus bark organosolv fractionation: fate of lipophilic components and formation of valuable phenolic byproducts. |
| PubMed:Enzymatic grafting of simple phenols on flax and sisal pulp fibres using laccases. |
| PubMed:A new pyrrole derivative from the extracts of the fungus monascus pilosus-fermented rice. |
| PubMed:Inhibitory effects of whisky congeners on IgE-mediated degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cells and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction in mice. |
| PubMed:Oxidative depolymerization of lignin in ionic liquids. |
| PubMed:Capillary electrophoretic determination of selected phenolic compounds in humic substances of well waters and fertilizers. |
| PubMed:Biobleaching of eucalypt kraft pulp with a two laccase-mediator stages sequence. |
| PubMed:Synthesis and antioxidant activity evaluation of a syringic hydrazones family. |
| PubMed:A functional metagenomic approach for expanding the synthetic biology toolbox for biomass conversion. |
| PubMed:Degradation of triclosan by an integrated nano-bio redox process. |
| PubMed:Rapid linkage of indole carboxylic acid to the plant cell wall identified as a component of basal defence in Arabidopsis against hrp mutant bacteria. |
| PubMed:A new approach to the biobleaching of flax pulp with laccase using natural mediators. |
| PubMed:Determination of Eucalyptus spp lignin S/G ratio: a comparison between methods. |
| PubMed:Biodegradability of kraft mill TCF biobleaching effluents: application of enzymatic laccase-mediator system. |
| PubMed:Coumarins and phenolic fingerprints of oak and Brazilian woods extracted by sugarcane spirit. |
| PubMed:Enhanced transformation of triclosan by laccase in the presence of redox mediators. |
| PubMed:Synthesis and antioxidant properties of dendritic polyphenols. |
| PubMed:Individual and interaction effects of vanillin and syringaldehyde on the xylitol formation by Candida guilliermondii. |
| PubMed:Molecular characterization of a novel peroxidase from the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120. |
| PubMed:Bioactivity-guided isolation of cytotoxic constituents from stem-bark of Premna tomentosa. |
| PubMed:Halogenated pesticide transformation by a laccase-mediator system. |
| PubMed:Effects of biomass hydrolysis by-products on oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides. |
| PubMed:Characterization of a rare triterpenoid and minor phenolic compounds in the root bark of Anisophyllea dichostyla R. Br. |
| PubMed:Fate of grape flavor precursors during storage on yeast lees. |
| PubMed:Effect of metal ions on reactive dye decolorization by laccase from Ganoderma lucidum. |
| PubMed:Detoxification of model phenolic compounds in lignocellulosic hydrolysates with peroxidase for butanol production from Clostridium beijerinckii. |
| PubMed:Optimised recovery of lignin-derived phenols in a Scottish fjord by the CuO oxidation method. |
| PubMed:Enhanced transformation of malachite green by laccase of Ganoderma lucidum in the presence of natural phenolic compounds. |
| PubMed:Phenolic constituents from the stem bark of Magnolia officinalis. |
| PubMed:Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory and antioxidant compounds from the truffle Elaphomyces granulatus. |
| PubMed:Liquid-liquid extraction of fermentation inhibiting compounds in lignocellulose hydrolysate. |
| PubMed:Phytophenols in whisky lower blood acetaldehyde level by depressing alcohol metabolism through inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (class I) in mice. |
| PubMed:Soluble and insoluble solids contributions to high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose. |
| PubMed:Comparative study of the efficiency of synthetic and natural mediators in laccase-assisted bleaching of eucalyptus kraft pulp. |
| PubMed:Homologous cloning, expression, and characterisation of a laccase from Streptomyces coelicolor and enzymatic decolourisation of an indigo dye. |
| PubMed:Effect of furfural, vanillin and syringaldehyde on Candida guilliermondii growth and xylitol biosynthesis. |
| PubMed:Rearranged ent-kauranes from the stems of Tricalysia dubia and their biological activities. |
| PubMed:The first guaian-12-oic acid glucopyranosyl ester and other constituents from Picris rhagadioloides (L.) Desf. (Asteraceae). |
| PubMed:Chemical profile of rums as a function of their origin. The use of chemometric techniques for their identification. |
| PubMed:An azole, an amide and a limonoid from Vepris uguenensis (Rutaceae). |
| PubMed:Methoxyphenols and levoglucosan ratios in PM2.5 from wheat and Kentucky bluegrass stubble burning in eastern Washington and northern Idaho. |
| PubMed:Effect of phenolic aldehydes and flavonoids on growth and inactivation of Oenococcus oeni and Lactobacillus hilgardii. |
| PubMed:Hydrolysis of glycosidically bound flavour compounds from oak wood by Oenococcus oeni. |
| PubMed:Characterization of ligV essential for catabolism of vanillin by Sphingomonas paucimobilis SYK-6. |
| PubMed:Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric study of the degradation of phenolic compounds in wastewater olive oil by Azotobacter Chroococcum. |
| PubMed:Removal of lipophilic extractives from paper pulp by laccase and lignin-derived phenols as natural mediators. |
| PubMed:Phytotoxic effects of 21 plant secondary metabolites on Arabidopsis thaliana germination and root growth. |
| PubMed:Transformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by laccase is strongly enhanced by phenolic compounds present in soil. |
| PubMed:GC/MS-positive ion chemical ionization and MS/MS study of volatile benzene compounds in five different woods used in barrel making. |
| PubMed:Dual fluorescence of syringaldazine. |
| PubMed:Alpha-monodeuterated benzyl alcohols and phosphobetaines from reactions of aromatic aldehydes with a water/D2O-soluble phosphine. |
| PubMed:Influence of geographical origin and botanical species on the content of extractives in American, French, and East European oak woods. |
| PubMed:Influence of the species and geographical location on volatile composition of Spanish oak wood (Quercus petraea Liebl. and Quercus robur L.). |
| PubMed:Physicochemical model to interpret the kinetics of aroma extraction during wine aging in wood. Model limitations suggest the necessary existence of biochemical processes. |
| PubMed:Design of a photostabilizer having built-in antioxidant functionality and its utility in obtaining broad-spectrum sunscreen formulations. |
| PubMed:Continuous oxidation of aromatic aldehyde to aromatic carboxylic acid by Burkholderia cepacia TM1 in a cell-holding reactor. |
| PubMed:Oxidation of aromatic aldehyde to aromatic carboxylic acid by Burkholderia cepacia TM1 isolated from humus. |
| PubMed:Phenolic acids, syringaldehyde, and juglone in fruits of different cultivars of Juglans regia L. |
| PubMed:Effects of aliphatic acids, furfural, and phenolic compounds on Debaryomyces hansenii CCMI 941. |
| PubMed:Characterization of Sphingomonas aldehyde dehydrogenase catalyzing the conversion of various aromatic aldehydes to their carboxylic acids. |
| PubMed:Lignin-derived compounds as efficient laccase mediators for decolorization of different types of recalcitrant dyes. |
| PubMed:Fast screening method for volatile compounds of oak wood used for aging wines by headspace SPME-GC-MS (SIM). |
| PubMed:Solute effects on the interaction between water and ethanol in aged whiskey. |
| PubMed:Effect of phenolic mediators and humic acid on cyprodinil transformation in presence of birnessite. |
| PubMed:Comparison between cachaça and rum using pattern recognition methods. |
| PubMed:[Chemical constituents from the leaves of Dalbergia hainanensis]. |
| PubMed:Effect of inhibitors released during steam-explosion treatment of poplar wood on subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis and SSF. |
| PubMed:Volatile compounds in a spanish red wine aged in barrels made of Spanish, French, and American oak wood. |
| PubMed:Trypanocidal tetrahydrofuran lignans from inflorescences of Piper solmsianum. |
| PubMed:NMR analysis of lignins in CAD-deficient plants. Part 1. Incorporation of hydroxycinnamaldehydes and hydroxybenzaldehydes into lignins. |
| PubMed:Application of solid-phase extraction for determination of phenolic compounds in barrique wines. |
| PubMed:A cytotoxic butenolide, two new dolabellane diterpenoids, a chroman and a benzoquinol derivative formosan Casearia membranacea. |
| PubMed:L-tryptophan reacts with naturally occurring and food-occurring phenolic aldehydes to give phenolic tetrahydro-beta-carboline alkaloids: activity as antioxidants and free radical scavengers. |
| PubMed:Potential inhibitors from wet oxidation of wheat straw and their effect on ethanol production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: wet oxidation and fermentation by yeast. |
| PubMed:O-4-Linked coniferyl and sinapyl aldehydes in lignifying cell walls are the main targets of the Wiesner (phloroglucinol-HCl) reaction. |
| PubMed:Production of oxychemicals from precipitated hardwood lignin. |
| PubMed:Characterization of degradation products from alkaline wet oxidation of wheat straw. |
| PubMed:Analysis of aromatic aldehydes in brandy and wine by high-performance capillary electrophoresis. |
| PubMed:Cytotoxic neolignans and butanolides from Machilus obovatifolia. |
| PubMed:Changes in low molecular weight phenolic compounds in Spanish, French, and American oak woods during natural seasoning and toasting. |
| PubMed:Measurement of urinary methoxyphenols and their use for biological monitoring of wood smoke exposure. |
| PubMed:Ozonation Products of Organosolvolytic Extracts from Vegetal Materials. |
| PubMed:Emodin and syringaldehyde from Rhamnus pubescens (Rhamnaceae). |
| PubMed:Use of COMPARE analysis to discover functional analogues of bleomycin. |
| PubMed:Phenolic compounds and browning in sherry wines subjected to oxidative and biological aging. |
| PubMed:Interactions between anthocyanins and aroma substances in a model system. Effect on the flavor of grape-derived beverages. |
| PubMed:Dehalogenation of xenobiotics as a consequence of binding to humic materials. |
| PubMed:Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of acids and phenols in distilled alcohol beverages. Application of anion-exchange disk extraction combined with in-vial elution and silylation. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of aflatoxin biosynthesis by phenolic compounds. |
| PubMed:Phenolic constituents, furans, and total antioxidant status of distilled spirits. |
| PubMed:Effect of selected aldehydes on the growth and fermentation of ethanologenic Escherichia coli. |
| PubMed:Hydroxylation reaction catalyzed by the Burkholderia cepacia AC1100 bacterial strain. Involvement of the chlorophenol-4-monooxygenase. |
| PubMed:Structural alterations of lignins in transgenic poplars with depressed cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase or caffeic acid O-methyltransferase activity have an opposite impact on the efficiency of industrial kraft pulping |
| PubMed:Interaction of reactive and inert chemicals in the presence of oxidoreductases: reaction of the herbicide bentazon and its metabolites with humic monomers. |
| PubMed:Red Xylem and Higher Lignin Extractability by Down-Regulating a Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase in Poplar. |
| PubMed:Antibacterial diterpenic acids from Brazilian propolis. |
| PubMed:Metabolites of chlorinated syringaldehydes in fish bile as biomarkers of exposure to bleached eucalypt pulp effluents. |
| PubMed:Pharmacologically active components of Todopon Puok (Fagraea racemosa), a medicinal plant from Borneo. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of metabolism of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone by dietary benzaldehydes. |
| PubMed:Metabolites of 2-chlorosyringaldehyde in fish bile: indicator of exposure to bleached hardwood effluent. |
| PubMed:Bioactive constitutents from the stems of Annona montana. |
| PubMed:[Rutacea from New Caledonia. Chemical composition of stem bark of Citrus macroptera Montr]. |
| PubMed:Characterization of the humic material formed by composting of domestic and industrial biowastes. Part 1. HPLC of the cupric oxide oxidation products from humic acids. |
| PubMed:A new type of antimicrobial phenolics produced by plant peroxidase and its possible role in the chemical defense systems against plant pathogens. |
| PubMed:Growth inhibition and loss of virulence in cultures of Agrobacterium tumefaciens treated with acetosyringone. |
| PubMed:Oxidation of phenolic arylglycerol beta-aryl ether lignin model compounds by manganese peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium: oxidative cleavage of an alpha-carbonyl model compound. |
| PubMed:Factors influencing the efficiency of T-DNA transfer during co-cultivation of Antirrhinum majus with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. |
| PubMed:Generation of mutagenicity by ozonation of humic substances' components. |
| PubMed:Pharmacologically active phenylpropanoids from Senra incana. |
| PubMed:Mutagenicity of the components of ozonated humic substance. |
| PubMed:Isolation and chemical analyses of nonfermented fiber fractions of oat hulls and cottonseed hulls. |
| PubMed:Production of Tsr factor by Rhizobium meliloti. |
| PubMed:Oxidation of benzaldehydes to benzoic acid derivatives by three Desulfovibrio strains. |
| PubMed:[The effect of methanol extracts of sawdust on the digestion of cellulose, hay and wheat bran in vitro]. |
| PubMed:Optimization of electrochemical detection in the high-performance liquid chromatography of lignin phenolics from lignocellulosic by-products. |
| PubMed:A new bacterial alcohol dehydrogenase active on degraded lignin and several low molecular weight aromatic compounds. |
| PubMed:Transformation of Soybean Cells Using Mixed Strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Phenolic Compounds. |
| PubMed:The effect of wood-derived inhibitors on 2, 3-butanediol production by Klebsiella pneumoniae. |
| PubMed:Degradation mechanisms of phenolic beta-1 lignin substructure model compounds by laccase of Coriolus versicolor. |
| PubMed:[Simultaneous analysis of aromatic aldehydes and coumarins with high pressure liquid chromatography. Application to wines and brandies stored in oak barrels]. |
| PubMed:Effect of phenolic monomers on ruminal bacteria. |
| PubMed:Arylglycerol-gamma-Formyl Ester as an Aromatic Ring Cleavage Product of Nonphenolic beta-O-4 Lignin Substructure Model Compounds Degraded by Coriolus versicolor. |
| PubMed:Iron Deficiency Decreases Suberization in Bean Roots through a Decrease in Suberin-Specific Peroxidase Activity. |
| PubMed:Magnesium deficiency results in increased suberization in endodermis and hypodermis of corn roots. |
| PubMed:Composition and ultrastructure of the suberized cell wall of isolated crystal idioblasts from Agave americana L. leaves. |
| PubMed:Biosynthesis, deposition, and partial characterization of potato suberin phenolics. |
| PubMed:Anaerobic biodegradation of eleven aromatic compounds to methane. |
| PubMed:Studies on grass lignins. I. Separation and quantitative determination of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillin and syringaldehyde by thin-layer chromatography. |
| PubMed:Utilization by soil fungi of p-hydroxybenzaidehyde, ferulic acid, syringaldehyde and vanillin. |
| PubMed:Separation of vanillin and syringaldehyde by paper partition chromatography. |
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3D/inchi