EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

piperidine
azacyclohexane

Supplier Sponsors

Flavor Demo Formulas
Name:piperidine
CAS Number: 110-89-4Picture of molecule3D/inchi
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:203-813-0
FDA UNII: 67I85E138Y
Nikkaji Web:J2.884C
Beilstein Number:0102438
MDL:MFCD00005979
CoE Number:675
XlogP3:0.80 (est)
Molecular Weight:85.14967000
Formula:C5 H11 N
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:flavor and fragrance agents
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Perfumer and Flavorist:Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
JECFA Food Flavoring:1607 piperidine
DG SANTE Food Flavourings:14.010 piperidine
FEMA Number:2908 piperidine
FDA:No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF):110-89-4 ; PIPERIDINE
FDA Regulation:
FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION
Subpart F--Flavoring Agents and Related Substances
Sec. 172.515 Synthetic flavoring substances and adjuvants.
 
Physical Properties:
Appearance:colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay: 98.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: Yes
Specific Gravity:0.85800 to 0.86200 @ 25.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 7.139 to 7.173
Refractive Index:1.45000 to 1.45400 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point: -9.00 to -7.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 106.00 to 107.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Congealing Point:-13.00 °C.
Vapor Pressure:28.325001 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Vapor Density:3.0 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: 61.00 °F. TCC ( 16.11 °C. )
logP (o/w): 0.840
Soluble in:
 alcohol
 water, 1000000 mg/L @ 20 °C (exp)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor Type: animal
sweet floral animal
Odor Description:at 1.00 % in propylene glycol. heavy sweet floral animal
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
None found
 
Suppliers:
BASF
Piperidine
EMD Millipore
For experimental / research use only.
Piperidine
Endeavour Specialty Chemicals
Piperidine
Speciality Chemical Product Groups
Endeavour Specialty Chemicals
Piperidine
Penta International
PIPERIDINE
R C Treatt & Co Ltd
Piperidine
Kosher
Robinson Brothers
Piperidine
https://www.robinsonbrothers.uk/chemistry-competences
Sigma-Aldrich
Piperidine, ≥99%, FG
Certified Food Grade Products
TCI AMERICA
For experimental / research use only.
Piperidine >99.0%(GC)
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
T - Toxic.
R 11 - Highly flammable.
R 23/24/25 - Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
R 34 - Causes burns.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 27 - Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
S 45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately.
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 400 mg/kg
Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 18(2), Pg. 29, 1974.

intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 50 mg/kg
Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology. Vol. 4(2-3), Pg. 345, 1980.

oral-mouse LD50 30 mg/kg
Toksikologiya Novykh Promyshlennykh Khimicheskikh Veshchestv. Toxicology of New Industrial Chemical Substances. For English translation, see TNICS*. Vol. 15, Pg. 116, 1979.

oral-rabbit LD50 145 mg/kg
"Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982Vol. -, Pg. 100, 1982.

intravenous-rabbit LDLo 160 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGE
Japanese Journal of Medical Sciences, Part 4: Pharmacology. Vol. 7, Pg. 128, 1933.

unreported-frog LDLo 1750 mg/kg
PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGE LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA
"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 595, 1948.

oral-mammal (species unspecified) LD50 22400 ug/kg
Toksikologiya Novykh Promyshlennykh Khimicheskikh Veshchestv. Toxicology of New Industrial Chemical Substances. For English translation, see TNICS*. Vol. 14, Pg. 90, 1975.

Dermal Toxicity:
skin-rabbit LD50 276 mg/kg
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Vol. 23, Pg. 95, 1962.

subcutaneous-rabbit LD50 300 mg/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGE BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
Japanese Journal of Medical Sciences, Part 4: Pharmacology. Vol. 7, Pg. 128, 1933.

Inhalation Toxicity:
inhalation-mammal (species unspecified) LC50 6500 mg/m3
Toksikologiya Novykh Promyshlennykh Khimicheskikh Veshchestv. Toxicology of New Industrial Chemical Substances. For English translation, see TNICS*. Vol. 14, Pg. 90, 1975.

inhalation-mouse LC50 6000 mg/m3/2H
Toksikologiya Novykh Promyshlennykh Khimicheskikh Veshchestv. Toxicology of New Industrial Chemical Substances. For English translation, see TNICS*. Vol. 15, Pg. 116, 1979.

inhalation-rat TCLo 4000 ppm/4H
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Vol. 23, Pg. 95, 1962.

 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
 
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 88.00 (μg/capita/day)
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): 96.00 (μg/capita/day)
Threshold of Concern:540 (μg/person/day)
Structure Class: II
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 3
Click here to view publication 3
 average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: 0.050005.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic): -3.00000
beverages(alcoholic): --
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: --
condiments / relishes: -0.05000
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: --
fruit ices: --
gelatins / puddings: --
granulated sugar: --
gravies: --
hard candy: -5.00000
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: -0.05000
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: -0.05000
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --
 
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Flavouring Group Evaluation 86, (FGE.86)[1] - Consideration of aliphatic and aromatic amines and amides evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting) - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives - Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 86, Revision 1 (FGE.86Rev1): Consideration of aliphatic and aromatic amines and amides evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting)
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 86, Revision 2 (FGE.86Rev2): Consideration of aliphatic and arylalkyl amines and amides evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting)
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards:search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
Carcinogenic Potency Database:Search
EPA GENetic TOXicology:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):110-89-4
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :8082
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WISER:UN 2401
WGK Germany:1
piperidine
Chemidplus:0000110894
EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials
RTECS:110-89-4
 
References:
 piperidine
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:110-89-4
Pubchem (cid):8082
Pubchem (sid):134974704
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):C01746
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB34301
FooDB:FDB012644
Export Tariff Code:2933.39.9050
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
Formulations/Preparations:
grades: 95% and 98% pure
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
For Odor
amber
ambrette seed absolute
FL/FR
angelica seed oil CO2 extract
FL/FR
animal
para-
cresyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
indolall
FR
indole
FL/FR
indoletal
FR
6-
methyl quinoline
FL/FR
anisic
bitter
fennel seed oil spain
FR
balsamic
amyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
amyris wood oil
FL/FR
copaiba balsam oil
FL/FR
hemlock western oil (tsuga heterophylla) canada
FR
tolu balsam oil
FL/FR
cereal
bran absolute
FR
citrus
(E)-2-
tetradecenal
FL/FR
earthy
2-
ethyl-3-methoxypyrazine
FL/FR
floral
alpha-
bisabolol
FL/FR
boronia butenal
FR
delta-
damascone
FL/FR
tobacco flower absolute
FR
fruity
alpha-
amyl cinnamyl isovalerate
FL/FR
cyclohexanone diethyl acetal
FL/FR
(Z)-beta-
damascone
FL/FR
beta-
damascone
FL/FR
(E)-beta-
damascone
FL/FR
ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate
FL/FR
fungal
methyl 2-furoate
FL/FR
green
2-iso
butyl-3-methoxypyrazine
FL/FR
2-sec-
butyl-3-methoxypyrazine
FL/FR
cortex pyridine
FL/FR
galbanum decatriene
FL/FR
galbanum oleoresin
FL/FR
galbanum resinoid
FL/FR
(E,Z)-3,6-
nonadien-1-ol
FL/FR
hay
beeswax absolute
FL/FR
hay absolute
FR
tobacco leaf absolute
FL/FR
woodruff absolute
FR
herbal
canarium luzonicum gum
FL/FR
canarium luzonicum oil
FL/FR
matricaria chamomilla flower oil
FL/FR
methyl nicotinate
FL/FR
saffron indenone
FL/FR
safranal
FL/FR
theaspirane
FL/FR
yerba mate absolute
FL/FR
honey
phenyl acetic acid
FL/FR
mentholic
cornmint oil terpeneless
FL/FR
dextro,laevo-
menthol
FL/FR
laevo-
menthol
FL/FR
peppermint cyclohexanone
FL/FR
dextro-
piperitone
FL/FR
iso
pulegyl acetate
FL/FR
minty
(-)-
menthone
FL/FR
pennyroyal oil
FL/FR
peppermint oil idaho
FL/FR
peppermint oil terpeneless
FL/FR
iso
pulegone
FL/FR
(R)-(+)-
pulegone
FR
musty
ketoiso
phorone
FL/FR
nutty
shoyu pyrazine
FL/FR
phenolic
2'-
hydroxyacetophenone
FL/FR
popcorn
2-
acetyl pyridine
FL/FR
spicy
agarospirol
FR
atractylis root oil
FR
4-
carvomenthenol
FL/FR
croton eluteria bark oil
FL/FR
cumin seed oil
FL/FR
N,N-
diethyl octanamide
FR
ethyl vinyl ketone
FL/FR
grains of paradise oil
FL/FR
myrcene
FR
black
pepper absolute
FL/FR
pepper hexanone
FR
black
pepper oil
FL/FR
black
pepper oleoresin
FL/FR
pepper tree berry oil
FL/FR
(E,E)-
piperine
FL/FR
zvoulimba leaf oil
FR
terpenic
angelica seed oil
FL/FR
elemi resinoid
FL/FR
juniperus communis fruit oil
FL/FR
laevo-
limonene
FL/FR
alpha-
phellandrene
FL/FR
tobacco
para-
cresyl isovalerate
FL/FR
3-
ethyl pyridine
FL/FR
methyl benzoxole
FL/FR
tobacco concrete
FR
(E,E/E,Z)-
tobacco cyclohexenone
FL/FR
veltonal (Bedoukian)
FR
tonka
deertongue absolute
FR
gamma-
hexalactone
FL/FR
mint lactone
FL/FR
saffron resinoid
FL/FR
tonka undecanone
FR
tropical
genet absolute
FL/FR
vanilla
propenyl guaethol
FL/FR
woody
amber decatriene
FR
alpha-
cedrene epoxide
FR
alpha-
guaiene
FL/FR
iso
longifolene ketone
FR
methyl vetivate
FR
sugi wood oil
FR
tobacarol (IFF)
FR
tobacco nonene
FR
woody dioxolane
FR
woody ether
FR
For Flavor
No flavor group found for these
amyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
alpha-
bisabolol
FL/FR
capsicum oleoresin
FL
cyclohexanone diethyl acetal
FL/FR
2-
ethyl-3-methoxypyrazine
FL/FR
fig leaf absolute
FL
grains of paradise oil
FL/FR
green pea pyrazine
FL
alpha-
guaiene
FL/FR
2-
methoxy-3-propyl pyrazine
FL
methyl nicotinate
FL/FR
2-
propyl pyridine
FL
iso
pulegone
FL/FR
beta-
damascone
FL/FR
amber
amber
angelica seed oil
FL/FR
animal
indole
FL/FR
6-
methyl quinoline
FL/FR
aromatic
para-
cresyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
balsamic
copaiba balsam oil
FL/FR
tolu balsam oil
FL/FR
brown
beeswax absolute
FL/FR
caramellic
3-
ethyl pyridine
FL/FR
methyl 2-furoate
FL/FR
citrus
ketoiso
phorone
FL/FR
cooling
4-
carvomenthenol
FL/FR
laevo-
menthol
FL/FR
dextro,laevo-
menthol
FL/FR
theaspirane
FL/FR
corn
2-
acetyl pyridine
FL/FR
creamy
gamma-
hexalactone
FL/FR
mint lactone
FL/FR
floral
phenyl acetic acid
FL/FR
fruity
alpha-
amyl cinnamyl isovalerate
FL/FR
(E)-beta-
damascone
FL/FR
(Z)-beta-
damascone
FL/FR
ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate
FL/FR
grassy
tobacco leaf absolute
FL/FR
green
2-iso
butyl-3-methoxypyrazine
FL/FR
canarium luzonicum gum
FL/FR
canarium luzonicum oil
FL/FR
cortex pyridine
FL/FR
elemi resinoid
FL/FR
galbanum decatriene
FL/FR
galbanum oleoresin
FL/FR
galbanum resinoid
FL/FR
(E,Z)-3,6-
nonadien-1-ol
FL/FR
hay
genet absolute
FL/FR
herbal
angelica seed oil CO2 extract
FL/FR
matricaria chamomilla flower oil
FL/FR
saffron indenone
FL/FR
yerba mate absolute
FL/FR
mentholic
cornmint oil terpeneless
FL/FR
peppermint cyclohexanone
FL/FR
minty
(-)-
menthone
FL/FR
pennyroyal oil
FL/FR
peppermint oil idaho
FL/FR
peppermint oil terpeneless
FL/FR
dextro-
piperitone
FL/FR
musty
shoyu pyrazine
FL/FR
naphthyl
2'-
hydroxyacetophenone
FL/FR
nutty
methyl benzoxole
FL/FR
(E,E/E,Z)-
tobacco cyclohexenone
FL/FR
phenolic
para-
cresyl isovalerate
FL/FR
spicy
croton eluteria bark oil
FL/FR
cubeb oleoresin
FL
cumin seed oil
FL/FR
ethyl vinyl ketone
FL/FR
paprika oleoresin
FL
black
pepper absolute
FL/FR
black
pepper oil
FL/FR
black
pepper oleoresin
FL/FR
white
pepper oleoresin
FL
pepper tree berry oil
FL/FR
(E,E)-
piperine
FL/FR
sweet
saffron resinoid
FL/FR
terpenic
juniperus communis fruit oil
FL/FR
laevo-
limonene
FL/FR
alpha-
phellandrene
FL/FR
vanilla
propenyl guaethol
FL/FR
vegetable
2-sec-
butyl-3-methoxypyrazine
FL/FR
waxy
(E)-2-
tetradecenal
FL/FR
woody
ambrette seed absolute
FL/FR
amyris wood oil
FL/FR
delta-
damascone
FL/FR
iso
pulegyl acetate
FL/FR
safranal
FL/FR
 
Potential Uses:
FRanimal
FRfloral
FRpepper
FRtobacco
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 barley seed
Search Trop Picture
 bay laurel leaf
Search Trop Picture
 celery plant
Search Trop Picture
 pepper bell pepper fruit
Search Trop Picture
 pepper black pepper fruit
Search Trop Picture
 pepper black pepper oil
Search Trop Picture
 pepper black pepper seed
Search Trop Picture
 pepper black pepper seed oil
Search Trop Picture
 soybean seed
Search Trop Picture
 tobacco
Search Trop Picture
 
Synonyms:
azacyclohexane
 cyclopentimine
 drewamine
 hexahydropyridine
 hexazane
perhydropyridine
 pentamethyleneimine
 pentamethylenimine
 piperidin
 pyridine, hexahydro-
 
 
Notes:
Present in black pepper (Piper nigrum). Flavouring agent Piperidine (Azinane after the Hantzsch?Widman nomenclature) is an organic compound with the molecular formula (CH2)5NH. This heterocyclic amine consists of a six-membered ring containing five methylene units and one nitrogen atom. It is a colorless fuming liquid with an odor described as ammoniacal, pepper-like; the name comes from the genus name Piper, which is the Latin word for pepper. Piperidine is a widely used building block and chemical reagent in the synthesis of organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals.; Piperidine is a widely used secondary amine. It is widely used to convert ketones to enamines. Enamines derived from piperidine can be used in the Stork enamine alkylation reaction.; Piperidine is used as a solvent and as a base. The same is true for certain derivatives: N-formylpiperidine is a polar aprotic solvent with better hydrocarbon solubility than other amide solvents, and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine is highly sterically hindered base, useful because of its low nucleophilicity and high solubility in organic solvents.
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