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Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | dark yellow amber semi-solid (est) |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Specific Gravity: | 1.07800 to 1.09200 @ 25.00 °C.
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| Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 8.970 to 9.087
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| Refractive Index: | 1.48000 to 1.49900 @ 20.00 °C.
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| Flash Point: | > 212.00 °F. TCC ( > 100.00 °C. )
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| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | benzyl benzoate | | | water, 4.071 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
| Insoluble in: |
| | water |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor Type: woody |
| Odor Strength:medium |
| Substantivity:400 hour(s) at 20.00 % |
| woody old wood incense amber |
Odor Description:at 100.00 %. old wood incense amber
Luebke, William tgsc, (1987) |
| Odor sample from: Industrial Aromatics |
| Flavor Type: woody |
| frankincense |
| Taste Description: frankincense |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
| Pell Wall Perfumes |
| Olibanum Oleoresin in TEC |
Odor Description:Incense, warm-balsamic, woody, fresh-lemony
Arctander points out that: “Olibanum Resinoid is a valuable fixative, but it also lends its own peculiar odor to the perfume (see odor description under Olibanum Oil and Absolute), Since the essential oil content is only about 8%, the Resinoid of Olibanum has a much more versatile application in perfumery than has the essential oil.” |
| Taste Description:frankincense |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
| AIDP |
| Boswellia 65%65% min.
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| Berjé |
| Olibanum Resin
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| Media |
| Pell Wall Perfumes |
| Olibanum Oleoresin in TEC
Odor: Incense, warm-balsamic, woody, fresh-lemony Use: Arctander points out that: “Olibanum Resinoid is a valuable fixative, but it also lends its own peculiar odor to the perfume (see odor description under Olibanum Oil and Absolute), Since the essential oil content is only about 8%, the Resinoid of Olibanum has a much more versatile application in perfumery than has the essential oil.” |
| Penta International |
| OLIBANUM RESIN 50% IN BENZYL BENZOATE
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| Penta International |
| OLIBANUM RESIN IN 50% DEP
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| Penta International |
| OLIBANUM RESIN PURE
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| William Bernstein Company |
| Gum Olibanum (Frankincense)
Odor: characteristic Use: An aromatic (tree) resin used for incense, perfume, and aromatherapy. Harvested by “tapping” the tree and thereby extracting the sap. Quality determined by color, aroma, size, and purity. A species of great Biblical significance. |
Safety Information:
| European information : |
| Most important hazard(s): | | Xn - Harmful. |
R 20/21/22 - Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin.
R 42/43 - May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 23 - Do not breath vapour.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Safety References:
References:
| | boswellia carteri birdw. resin |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 8050-07-5 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 135283383 |
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | boswellia carteri resin | | | boswellia sacra resin | | | frankincense resin | | | olibanum resin | | | olibanum resin in 50% DEP | | | olibanum resin samolia |
Articles:
| PubMed:An α-Acetoxy-Tirucallic Acid Isomer Inhibits Akt/mTOR Signaling and Induces Oxidative Stress in Prostate Cancer Cells. |
| PubMed:Analgesic effects of crude extracts and fractions of Omani frankincense obtained from traditional medicinal plant Boswellia sacra on animal models. |
| PubMed:A Randomized Clinical Trial Study: Anti-Oxidant, Anti-hyperglycemic and Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effects of Olibanum Gum in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. |
| PubMed:Efficacy of Boswellia serrata L. and Cyperus scariosus L. plus pelvic floor muscle training in stress incontinence in women of reproductive age. |
| PubMed:Identification of dehydroabietc acid from Boswellia thurifera resin as a positive GABAA receptor modulator. |
| PubMed:Cardioprotective and antioxidant effects of oleogum resin "Olibanum" from Bos Boswellia carteri Birdw. (Bursearceae). |
| PubMed:Tetra- and pentacyclic triterpene acids from the ancient anti-inflammatory remedy frankincense as inhibitors of microsomal prostaglandin E(2) synthase-1. |
| PubMed:Transdermal microemulsions of Boswellia carterii Bird: formulation, characterization and in vivo evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity. |
| PubMed:Extract from gum resin of Boswellia serrata decreases IA(2)-antibody in a patient with "Late onset Autoimmune Diabetes of the Adult" (LADA). |
| PubMed:Boswellia serrata extract attenuates inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress in collagen induced arthritis. |
| PubMed:The comparative study of acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid (AKBA) and aspirin in the prevention of intestinal adenomatous polyposis in APC(Min/+) mice. |
| PubMed:Effect of Boswellia serrata gum resin on the morphology of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells in aged rat. |
| PubMed:Effect of Boswellia serrata supplementation on blood lipid, hepatic enzymes and fructosamine levels in type2 diabetic patients. |
| PubMed:Boswellic acids reduce Th17 differentiation via blockade of IL-1β-mediated IRAK1 signaling. |
| PubMed:Major constituents of Boswellia carteri resin exhibit cyclooxygenase enzyme inhibition and antiproliferative activity. |
| PubMed:Identification of archaeological triterpenic resins by the non-separative techniques FTIR and 13C NMR: the case of Pistacia resin (mastic) in comparison with frankincense. |
| PubMed:Hepatoprotective prenylaromadendrane-type diterpenes from the gum resin of Boswellia carterii. |
| PubMed:The effect of Boswellia Serrata on neurorecovery following diffuse axonal injury. |
| PubMed:Systematic review: the efficacy of herbal therapy in inflammatory bowel disease. |
| PubMed:Biotransformation of 11-keto-β-boswellic acid by Cunninghamella blakesleana. |
| PubMed:11α-Ethoxy-β-boswellic acid and nizwanone, a new boswellic acid derivative and a new triterpene, respectively, from Boswellia sacra. |
| PubMed:A new cytochrome P450 system from Bacillus megaterium DSM319 for the hydroxylation of 11-keto-β-boswellic acid (KBA). |
| PubMed:Frankincense tapping reduces the carbohydrate storage of Boswellia trees. |
| PubMed:Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) inhibits human gastric carcinoma growth through modulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. |
| PubMed:A boswellic acid-containing extract attenuates hepatic granuloma in C57BL/6 mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum. |
| PubMed:Frankincense essential oil prepared from hydrodistillation of Boswellia sacra gum resins induces human pancreatic cancer cell death in cultures and in a xenograft murine model. |
| PubMed:Resin secretory structures of Boswellia papyrifera and implications for frankincense yield. |
| PubMed:Chemoprevention of intestinal adenomatous polyposis by acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid in APC(Min/+) mice. |
| PubMed:In vitro metabolism, permeation, and brain availability of six major boswellic acids from Boswellia serrata gum resins. |
| PubMed:An in vitro study of the role of β-boswellic acid in the microtubule assembly dynamics. |
| PubMed:Enhanced absorption of boswellic acids by a lecithin delivery form (Phytosome(®)) of Boswellia extract. |
| PubMed:Incensole acetate reduces depressive-like behavior and modulates hippocampal BDNF and CRF expression of submissive animals. |
| PubMed:Effect of phospholipid-based formulations of Boswellia serrata extract on the solubility, permeability, and absorption of the individual boswellic acid constituents present. |
| PubMed:Boswellic acid exerts antitumor effects in colorectal cancer cells by modulating expression of the let-7 and miR-200 microRNA family. |
| PubMed:Classification of natural resins by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using chemometric analysis. |
| PubMed:Long-term efficacy of Boswellia serrata in four patients with chronic cluster headache. |
| PubMed:A novel C(28)-hydroxylated lupeolic acid suppresses the biosynthesis of eicosanoids through inhibition of cytosolic phospholipase A(2). |
| PubMed:Clinical evaluation of Boswellia serrata (Shallaki) resin in the management of Sandhivata (osteoarthritis). |
| PubMed:Boswellia serrata, a potential antiinflammatory agent: an overview. |
| PubMed:Composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oils of four commercial grades of Omani luban, the oleo-gum resin of Boswellia sacra FLUECK. |
| PubMed:Protective effects of incensole acetate on cerebral ischemic injury. |
| PubMed:A novel synergistic galactomannan-based unit dosage form for sustained release of acarbose. |
| PubMed:Boswellia sacra essential oil induces tumor cell-specific apoptosis and suppresses tumor aggressiveness in cultured human breast cancer cells. |
| PubMed:Boswellic acid suppresses growth and metastasis of human pancreatic tumors in an orthotopic nude mouse model through modulation of multiple targets. |
| PubMed:A double blind, randomized, placebo controlled clinical study evaluates the early efficacy of aflapin in subjects with osteoarthritis of knee. |
| PubMed:Boswellic acids from frankincense inhibit lipopolysaccharide functionality through direct molecular interference. |
| PubMed:Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA); targeting oral cavity pathogens. |
| PubMed:A thin-layer chromatography method for the identification of three different olibanum resins (Boswellia serrata, Boswellia papyrifera and Boswellia carterii, respectively, Boswellia sacra). |
| PubMed:Determination of major boswellic acids in plasma by high-pressure liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Prevention of multiple low-dose streptozotocin (MLD-STZ) diabetes in mice by an extract from gum resin of Boswellia serrata (BE). |
| PubMed:Gum resin of Boswellia serrata inhibited human monocytic (THP-1) cell activation and platelet aggregation. |
| PubMed:Boswellic acid inhibits growth and metastasis of human colorectal cancer in orthotopic mouse model by downregulating inflammatory, proliferative, invasive and angiogenic biomarkers. |
| PubMed:Boswellia serrata: an overall assessment of in vitro, preclinical, pharmacokinetic and clinical data. |
| PubMed:Cellular and molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory effect of Aflapin: a novel Boswellia serrata extract. |
| PubMed:Identifying frankincense impact by biochemical analysis and histological examination on rats. |
| PubMed:Two new triterpenoids from the resin of Boswellia carterii. |
| PubMed:Antistaphylococcal and biofilm inhibitory activities of acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid from Boswellia serrata. |
| PubMed:Complete structural assignment of serratol, a cembrane-type diterpene from Boswellia serrata, and evaluation of its antiprotozoal activity. |
| PubMed:[Identification methods of terpenoid gum bases using TLC and GC/MS]. |
| PubMed:Comparative efficacy and tolerability of 5-Loxin and AflapinAgainst osteoarthritis of the knee: a double blind, randomized, placebo controlled clinical study. |
| PubMed:Four new ursane-type triterpenes, olibanumols K, L, M, and N, from traditional egyptian medicine olibanum, the gum-resin of Boswellia carterii. |
| PubMed:New terpenoids, olibanumols D-G, from traditional Egyptian medicine olibanum, the gum-resin of Boswellia carterii. |
| PubMed:Safety and toxicological evaluation of Aflapin: a novel Boswellia-derived anti-inflammatory product. |
| PubMed:A review of the efficacy of traditional Iranian medicine for inflammatory bowel disease. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 as a molecular basis for the anti-inflammatory actions of boswellic acids from frankincense. |
| PubMed:Modulation of the immune system by Boswellia serrata extracts and boswellic acids. |
| PubMed:Complexation with phosphatidyl choline as a strategy for absorption enhancement of boswellic acid. |
| PubMed:Isolation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) inhibitors from frankincense using a molecularly imprinted polymer. |
| PubMed:Mutagenicity evaluation with Ames test of hydro-alcoholic solution of terpenes. |
| PubMed:The beneficial effects of olibanum on memory deficit induced by hypothyroidism in adult rats tested in Morris water maze. |
| PubMed:The enhancement effect of beta-boswellic acid on hippocampal neurites outgrowth and branching (an in vitro study). |
| PubMed:Topical Boswellic acids for treatment of photoaged skin. |
| PubMed:Tirucallic acids are novel pleckstrin homology domain-dependent Akt inhibitors inducing apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. |
| PubMed:Effects of topical boswellic acid on photo and age-damaged skin: clinical, biophysical, and echographic evaluations in a double-blind, randomized, split-face study. |
| PubMed:Boswellia resin: from religious ceremonies to medical uses; a review of in-vitro, in-vivo and clinical trials. |
| PubMed:Absolute stereostructures of olibanumols A, B, C, H, I, and J from olibanum, gum-resin of Boswellia carterii, and inhibitors of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated mouse peritoneal macrophages. |
| PubMed:In vivo genotoxicity evaluation of a plant based antiarthritic and anticancer therapeutic agent Boswelic acids in rodents. |
| PubMed:Frankincense oil derived from Boswellia carteri induces tumor cell specific cytotoxicity. |
| PubMed:An update review on Commiphora molmol and related species. |
| PubMed:In vitro anti-biofilm activity of Boswellia spp. oleogum resin essential oils. |
| PubMed:Interventions for treating microscopic colitis: a Cochrane Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Functional Bowel Disorders Review Group systematic review of randomized trials. |
| PubMed:[Gold, frankincense and myrrh]. |
| PubMed:Bosellia serrata-induced apoptosis is related with ER stress and calcium release. |
| PubMed:Phytochemical analysis of the essential oil from botanically certified oleogum resin of Boswellia sacra (Omani Luban). |
| PubMed:A simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the estimation of boswellic acids from the market formulations containing Boswellia serrata extract. |
| PubMed:Incensole acetate, an incense component, elicits psychoactivity by activating TRPV3 channels in the brain. |
| PubMed:Inhibitory effect of acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid on androgen receptor by interference of Sp1 binding activity in prostate cancer cells. |
| PubMed:Incensole acetate: a novel neuroprotective agent isolated from Boswellia carterii. |
| PubMed:Metabolism of boswellic acids in vitro and in vivo. |
| PubMed:Comparison of the irritation potentials of Boswellia serrata gum resin and of acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid by in vitro cytotoxicity tests on human skin-derived cell lines. |
| PubMed:Boswellic acids: A leukotriene inhibitor also effective through topical application in inflammatory disorders. |
| PubMed:Antiinflammatory and antiatherogenic effects of the NF-kappaB inhibitor acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid in LPS-challenged ApoE-/- mice. |
| PubMed:Commiphora molmol in human welfare (review article). |
| PubMed:Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of some oleogum resin essential oils from Boswellia spp. (Burseraceae). |
| PubMed:Incensole acetate, a novel anti-inflammatory compound isolated from Boswellia resin, inhibits nuclear factor-kappa B activation. |
| PubMed:Analysis of frankincense in archaeological samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Evidence of effectiveness of herbal antiinflammatory drugs in the treatment of painful osteoarthritis and chronic low back pain. |
| PubMed:Boswellic acids: biological actions and molecular targets. |
| PubMed:Conservation biology: unkind cuts for incense. |
| PubMed:Boswellic acids in chronic inflammatory diseases. |
| PubMed:Characterization of 3alpha-acetyl-11-keto-alpha-boswellic acid, a pentacyclic triterpenoid inducing apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. |
| PubMed:Cancer chemopreventive effects and cytotoxic activities of the triterpene acids from the resin of Boswellia carteri. |
| PubMed:Effect of hexane extract of Boswellia serrata oleo-gum resin on chemically induced liver damage. |
| PubMed:Chemical study of triterpenoid resinous materials in archaeological findings by means of direct exposure electron ionisation mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Natural products and anti-inflammatory activity. |
| PubMed:Effect of Boswellia serrata on intestinal motility in rodents: inhibition of diarrhoea without constipation. |
| PubMed:Anti-inflammatory activities of the triterpene acids from the resin of Boswellia carteri. |
| PubMed:Mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory actions of boswellic acid derivatives in experimental colitis. |
| PubMed:Safety and Toxicological Evaluation of a Novel, Standardized 3-O-Acetyl-11-keto-beta-Boswellic Acid (AKBA)-Enriched Boswellia serrata Extract (5-Loxin(R)). |
| PubMed:Analysis of frankincense from various Boswellia species with inhibitory activity on human drug metabolising cytochrome P450 enzymes using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry after automated on-line extraction. |
| PubMed:Determination of boswellic acids in brain and plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Extract of gum resins of Boswellia serrata L. inhibits lipopolysaccharide induced nitric oxide production in rat macrophages along with hypolipidemic property. |
| PubMed:Effects of an acetone extract of Boswellia carterii Birdw. (Burseraceae) gum resin on adjuvant-induced arthritis in lewis rats. |
| PubMed:The Jerusalem Balsam: from the Franciscan Monastery in the old city of Jerusalem to Martindale 33. |
| PubMed:Boswellia carterii extract inhibits TH1 cytokines and promotes TH2 cytokines in vitro. |
| PubMed:Effects of an acetone extract of Boswellia carterii Birdw. (Burseraceae) gum resin on rats with persistent inflammation. |
| PubMed:Human genome screen to identify the genetic basis of the anti-inflammatory effects of Boswellia in microvascular endothelial cells. |
| PubMed:Effect of food intake on the bioavailability of boswellic acids from a herbal preparation in healthy volunteers. |
| PubMed:Headspace solid phase microextraction for screening for the presence of resins in Egyptian archaeological samples. |
| PubMed:Immunomodulatory activity of boswellic acids of Boswellia serrata Roxb. |
| PubMed:Dietary support with Boswellia resin in canine inflammatory joint and spinal disease. |
| PubMed:Characterization of archaeological frankincense by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Immunomodulatory triterpenoids from the oleogum resin of Boswellia carterii Birdwood. |
| PubMed:Chemistry and immunomodulatory activity of frankincense oil. |
| PubMed:Acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid (AKBA) is cytotoxic for meningioma cells and inhibits phosphorylation of the extracellular-signal regulated kinase 1 and 2. |
| PubMed:A lupane triterpene from frankincense (Boswellia sp., Burseraceae). |
| PubMed:Cytostatic and apoptosis-inducing activity of boswellic acids toward malignant cell lines in vitro. |
| PubMed:Boswellic acids trigger apoptosis via a pathway dependent on caspase-8 activation but independent on Fas/Fas ligand interaction in colon cancer HT-29 cells. |
| PubMed:[Boswellic acids (components of frankincense) as the active principle in treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases]. |
| PubMed:Keto- and acetyl-keto-boswellic acids inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in Hep G2 cells via a caspase-8 dependent pathway. |
| PubMed:Fourier Transform-Raman spectroscopic study of natural resins of archaeological interest. |
| PubMed:Cytotoxic action of acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid (AKBA) on meningioma cells. |
| PubMed:High-performance thin layer chromatographic analysis of anti-inflammatory triterpenoids from Boswellia serrata Roxb. |
| PubMed:A reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography method for the analysis of boswellic acids in Boswellia serrata. |
| PubMed:Effects of gum resin of Boswellia serrata in patients with chronic colitis. |
| PubMed:Stimulation of leukotriene synthesis in intact polymorphonuclear cells by the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor 3-oxo-tirucallic acid. |
| PubMed:Acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid, a constituent of a herbal medicine from Boswellia serrata resin, attenuates experimental ileitis. |
| PubMed:Anti-tumor and anti-carcinogenic activities of triterpenoid, beta-boswellic acid. |
| PubMed:3-Acetoxy group of genuine AKBA (acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid) is alpha-configurated. |
| PubMed:Workup-dependent formation of 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory boswellic acid analogues. |
| PubMed:Acetyl-boswellic acids are novel catalytic inhibitors of human topoisomerases I and IIalpha. |
| PubMed:Concentration-dependent potentiating and inhibitory effects of Boswellia extracts on 5-lipoxygenase product formation in stimulated PMNL. |
| PubMed:Effects of Boswellia serrata gum resin in patients with bronchial asthma: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 6-week clinical study. |
| PubMed:Boswellia serrata. |
| PubMed:Effects of boswellic acids extracted from a herbal medicine on the biosynthesis of leukotrienes and the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. |
| PubMed:Inhibitory activity of boswellic acids from Boswellia serrata against human leukemia HL-60 cells in culture. |
| PubMed:[Is H15 (resin extract of Boswellia serrata, "incense") a useful supplement to established drug therapy of chronic polyarthritis? Results of a double-blind pilot study]. |
| PubMed:Effects of Boswellia serrata gum resin in patients with ulcerative colitis. |
| PubMed:Salai Guggal - Boswellia serrata: from a herbal medicine to a non-redox inhibitor of leukotriene biosynthesis. |
| PubMed:Special extract of BOSWELLIA serrata (H 15) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. |
| PubMed:Effects of boswellic acid of Boswellia serrata and other triterpenic acids on the complement system. |
| PubMed:Mechanism of antiinflammatory actions of curcumine and boswellic acids. |
| PubMed:Anti-inflammatory activity of resins from some species of the plant family Burseraceae. |
| PubMed:Boswellic acids: novel, specific, nonredox inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase. |
| PubMed:Frankincense and myrrh as remedies in children. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of leukotriene B4 formation in rat peritoneal neutrophils by an ethanolic extract of the gum resin exudate of Boswellia serrata. |
| PubMed:Studies on the metabolism of glycosaminoglycans under the influence of new herbal anti-inflammatory agents. |
| PubMed:Effect of salai guggal ex-Boswellia serrata on cellular and humoral immune responses and leucocyte migration. |
| PubMed:The essential oil of olibanum. |
| PubMed:Pharmacology of an extract of salai guggal ex-Boswellia serrata, a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. |
| PubMed:CHEMICAL STANDARDIZATION OF 'KUNDUR' (Oleo-Gum-Resin of Boswellia serrata Roxb). |
| PubMed:Analgesic and psychopharmacological effects of the gum resin of Boswellia serrata. |
| PubMed:Analgesic effect of the gum resin of Boswellia serata Roxb. |
| PubMed:Frankincense and myrrh. |
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cinnamon bark, coumarin or cinnamyl alcohol adds powdery effects. Good modifier is the ionones and methyl ionones. Good in citrus, rose and jasmin effects.
extractives and their physically modified derivatives. it is a product which may contain resin acids and their esters, terpenes, and oxidation or polymerization products of these terpenes. (boswellia, burseraceae).
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