EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

pyridine
azine

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Flavor Demo Formulas
Name:pyridine
CAS Number: 110-86-1Picture of molecule3D/inchi
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:203-809-9
FDA UNII: NH9L3PP67S
Nikkaji Web:J2.883E
Beilstein Number:0103233
MDL:MFCD00011732
CoE Number:604
XlogP3:0.70 (est)
Molecular Weight:79.10185000
Formula:C5 H5 N
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category: natural substances and extractives
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Perfumer and Flavorist:Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
FEMA Number:2966-VOID pyridine
FDA:No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF):110-86-1 ; PYRIDINE
FDA Regulation:
FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION
Subpart F--Flavoring Agents and Related Substances
Sec. 172.515 Synthetic flavoring substances and adjuvants.


FDA PART 177 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: POLYMERS
Subpart B--Substances for Use as Basic Components of Single and Repeated Use Food Contact Surfaces
Sec. 177.1580 Polycarbonate resins.


FDA PART 177 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: POLYMERS
Subpart B--Substances for Use as Basic Components of Single and Repeated Use Food Contact Surfaces
Sec. 177.1585 Polyestercarbonate resins.
 
Physical Properties:
Appearance:colorless clear liquid (est)
Assay: 99.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity:0.98300 to 0.98700 @ 20.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 8.189 to 8.222
Refractive Index:1.50800 to 1.51200 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point: -42.00 to -41.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 115.00 to 116.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 43.00 to 44.00 °C. @ 50.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure:22.778999 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Vapor Density:2.72 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: 68.00 °F. TCC ( 20.00 °C. )
logP (o/w): 0.650
Soluble in:
 alcohol
 water, 1.00E+06 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor Type: fishy
sour fishy ammoniacal
Odor Description:at 0.01 % in propylene glycol. sickening sour putrid fishy amine
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
Sigma-Aldrich
Pyridine, ≥99%
Odor Description:sour; fishy
Pell Wall Perfumes
Pyridine
Odor Description:Sour, smoky, warm, burnt, coffee, putrid, fishy, amine
Arctander suggests the main uses of pyridine relate to coffee and chocolate, as it forms a key part of the aroma of both. The odour isn’t, in the opinion of this perfumer, as repelent or as powerful as the widely circulated descriptions would suggest. As such we are offering pyridine at 0.01% or 1% – please indicate your preferred dilution in the box at checkout – prices are the same for each. The former is really quite pleasant to deal with, the latter has a decidedly unpleasant character dominated by the fishy aspect.
 
Cosmetic Information:
None found
 
Suppliers:
Advanced Biotech
PYRIVEG MIXTURE #89 NATURAL
Augustus Oils
Pyridine
Services
Azelis UK
Pyridine
Berjé
Pyridine
Media
Charkit Chemical
PYRIDINE ACS
ECSA Chemicals
PYRIDINE RE-PURE, KG 25
ECSA TRADE THE MOST UPDATED FINANCIAL PUBLICATION ON THE WORLD OF CHEMISTRY
ECSA Chemicals
PYRIDINE RPE-ACS-FOR ANALYSIS-REAG. PH.EUR.-
ECSA Chemicals
PYRIDINE
EMD Millipore
For experimental / research use only.
Pyridine
Glentham Life Sciences
Pyridine
OQEMA
Pyridine
Pell Wall Perfumes
Pyridine
Odor: Sour, smoky, warm, burnt, coffee, putrid, fishy, amine
Use: Arctander suggests the main uses of pyridine relate to coffee and chocolate, as it forms a key part of the aroma of both. The odour isn’t, in the opinion of this perfumer, as repelent or as powerful as the widely circulated descriptions would suggest. As such we are offering pyridine at 0.01% or 1% – please indicate your preferred dilution in the box at checkout – prices are the same for each. The former is really quite pleasant to deal with, the latter has a decidedly unpleasant character dominated by the fishy aspect.
Penta International
PYRIDINE (WATER 0.05% MAX)
Penta International
PYRIDINE (WATER 0.10% MAX.)
Penta International
PYRIDINE ACS GRADE
Penta International
PYRIDINE ANHYDROUS (WATER LESS THAN 50 PPM)
Penta International
PYRIDINE
Santa Cruz Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
Pyridine
Shiva Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals
Pyridine
Sigma-Aldrich
Pyridine, ≥99%
Odor: sour; fishy
Certified Food Grade Products
Synerzine
Pyridine
TCI AMERICA
For experimental / research use only.
Pyridine [Sequencing Solvent] >99.0%(GC)
United International
Pyridine
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xn - Harmful.
R 11 - Highly flammable.
R 20/21/22 - Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
S 01/02 - Keep locked up and out of the reach of children.
S 07/09 - Keep container tightly closed and in well-ventilated place.
S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking.
S 20/21 - When using do not eat, drink or smoke.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 28 - After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of water.
S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
S 45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately.
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 891 mg/kg
SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: PTOSIS: EYE BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: COMA
BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. Vol. 14-4/1970

intravenous-rat LD50 360 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: SLEEP LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA
Pharmacological Research Communications. Vol. 5, Pg. 341, 1973.

intraperitoneal-rat LD50 866 mg/kg
National Technical Information Service. Vol. PB195-158

oral-mouse LD50 1500 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: SLEEP LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
Pharmacological Research Communications. Vol. 5, Pg. 341, 1973.

intravenous-mouse LD50 420 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA BEHAVIORAL: SLEEP
Pharmacological Research Communications. Vol. 5, Pg. 341, 1973.

intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 950 mg/kg
Progress in Biochemical Pharmacology. Vol. 1, Pg. 542, 1965.

oral-guinea pig LDLo 4000 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
Journal of Physiology. Vol. 17, Pg. 272, 1894.

intravenous-dog LD50 880 mg/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION VASCULAR: BP LOWERING NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION CARDIAC: CHANGE IN RATE
Toxicology. Vol. 4, Pg. 165, 1975.

parenteral-frog LDLo 870 mg/kg
"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 695, 1948.

intraperitoneal-guinea pig LDLo 870 mg/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC
Journal of Physiology. Vol. 17, Pg. 272, 1894.

oral-mammal (species unspecified) LD50 1500 mg/kg
Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 32(10), Pg. 25, 1988.

intraperitoneal-rabbit LDLo 15 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: FLACCID PARALYSIS WITHOUT ANESTHESIA (USUALLY NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKAGE)
Journal of Infectious Diseases. Vol. 42, Pg. 473, 1928.

Dermal Toxicity:
skin-rabbit LD50 1121 mg/kg
GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF SALIVARY GLANDS BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA LIVER: OTHER CHANGES
BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. Vol. 14-4/1970

subcutaneous-rat LD50 866 mg/kg
Clinical Toxicology. Vol. 4, Pg. 185, 1971.

subcutaneous-mouse LD50 1250 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: SLEEP LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA
Pharmacological Research Communications. Vol. 5, Pg. 341, 1973.

skin-guinea pig LD50 1000 mg/kg
"Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986Vol. -, Pg. 839, 1986.

subcutaneous-rabbit LDLo 800 mg/kg
"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 695, 1948.

Inhalation Toxicity:
inhalation-rat LC50 28500 mg/m3/1H
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: LACRIMATION: EYE BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. Vol. 14-4/1970

inhalation-mammal (species unspecified) LC50 10000 mg/m3
Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 32(10), Pg. 25, 1988.

 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
natural substances and extractives
Recommendation for pyridine usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 3
Click here to view publication 3
 average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: -0.40000
beverages(nonalcoholic): -1.00000
beverages(alcoholic): --
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: --
condiments / relishes: --
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: 0.020000.12000
fruit ices: 0.020000.12000
gelatins / puddings: --
granulated sugar: --
gravies: --
hard candy: -0.40000
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: --
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: --
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --
 
Safety References:
EPI System: View
EPA-Iris:IRIS
NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards:search
NIOSH Pocket Guide:search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
Carcinogenic Potency Database:Search
EPA GENetic TOXicology:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):110-86-1
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :1049
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WISER:UN 1282
WGK Germany:2
pyridine
Chemidplus:0000110861
EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials
RTECS:110-86-1
 
References:
 pyridine
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:110-86-1
Pubchem (cid):1049
Pubchem (sid):134974701
Flavornet:110-86-1
Pherobase:View
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
Metabolomics Database:Search
KEGG (GenomeNet):C00747
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB00926
FooDB:FDB014733
Export Tariff Code:2933.39.9050
Typical G.C.
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
For Odor
acidic
iso
butyric acid
FL/FR
2-
ethyl butyric acid
FL/FR
balsamic
terpinyl butyrate
FL/FR
valerian rhizome absolute
FL/FR
cheesy
heptanoic acid
FL/FR
S-(
methyl thio) butyrate
FL/FR
2-
methyl valeric acid
FL/FR
iso
valeric acid
FL/FR
valeric acid
FL/FR
ethereal
iso
valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal
FL/FR
fatty
decanoic acid
FL/FR
hexanoic acid
FL/FR
green
iso
amyl 3-(2-furan) propionate
FL/FR
honey
phenoxyacetic acid
FL/FR
nutty
2,4,5-
trimethyl oxazole
FL/FR
sulfurous
ethyl 3-mercaptobutyrate
FL/FR
fish thiol
FL/FR
For Flavor
No flavor group found for these
2-
acetyl-1-pyrroline
FL
amyl amine
FL
para-
anisic acid
FL
(±)-sec-
butyl amine
FL
butyl amine
FL
iso
butyl amine
FL
ethyl 3-mercaptobutyrate
FL/FR
ethyl amine
FL
hexyl amine
FL
2-
methyl butyl amine
FL
iso
pentylidene isopentyl amine
FL
phenethyl amine
FL
phenoxyacetic acid
FL/FR
propionyl pyrroline 1% in vegatable oil triglyceride
FL
iso
propyl amine
FL
thiamine hydrochloride
FL
(R)-N,N,alpha-
trimethyl benzyl amine
FL
tripropyl amine
FL
iso
amyl 3-(2-furan) propionate
FL/FR
acidic
acidic
iso
butyric acid
FL/FR
2-
ethyl butyric acid
FL/FR
valeric acid
FL/FR
ammoniacal
2-
methyl piperidine
FL
burnt
2,4,5-
trimethyl oxazole
FL/FR
buttery
2-
methyl valeric acid
FL/FR
caramellic
pyruvic acid
FL
cheesy
hexanoic acid
FL/FR
iso
valeric acid
FL/FR
fatty
(E)-2-
octenoic acid
FL
fishy
4,5-
dimethyl thiazole
FL
3-
penten-2-one
FL
trimethyl amine
FL
floral
terpinyl butyrate
FL/FR
fruity
iso
valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal
FL/FR
valerian rhizome absolute
FL/FR
musty
S-(
methyl thio) butyrate
FL/FR
soapy
decanoic acid
FL/FR
sour
acetic acid
FL
sulfurous
fish thiol
FL/FR
waxy
heptanoic acid
FL/FR
 
Potential Uses:
FLcoffee
FRtobacco
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 coffee
PbMd Search PMC Picture
 kohlrabi stem
Search Trop Picture
 lavender oil spike spain @ 0.005%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 mangrove bark red oil cuba @ trace%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 papaya fruit
Search Trop Picture
 pepper bell pepper fruit
Search Trop Picture
 peppermint leaf
Search Trop Picture
 potato plant
Search Trop Picture
 tea leaf
Search Trop Picture
 tobacco
Search Trop Picture
 
Synonyms:
 azine
azabenzene
 piridina
 pirydyna
 pyridin
 pyridine (water 0.05% max)
 pyridine (water 0.10% max.)
 pyridine ACS
 pyridine anhydrous (water <50 ppm)
 

Articles:

Info:Volatile Flavor Components in Bogyojosaeng and Suhong Cultivars of Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.)
PubMed:An expedient synthesis of linden ether.
PubMed:Aroma chemistry of African Oryza glaberrima and Oryza sativa rice and their interspecific hybrids.
PubMed:Impact of aqueous doash extract on urinary mutagenicity in rats exposed to heterocyclic amines.
PubMed:A comprehensive evaluation of the toxicology of cigarette ingredients: heterocyclic nitrogen compounds.
PubMed:Analysis of pyridines in mainstream cigarette smoke.
PubMed:Thresholds of carcinogenicity of flavors.
PubMed:Interactions of flavor compounds with pectic substances.
PubMed:Volatile Flavor Compounds Produced by Molds of Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fungi imperfecti.
PubMed:Aroma chemistry of African Oryza glaberrima and Oryza sativa rice and their interspecific hybrids.
PubMed:Stability of ceftazidime in 1% and 5% buffered eye drops determined with HPLC method.
PubMed:Drosophila PQBP1 regulates learning acquisition at projection neurons in aversive olfactory conditioning.
PubMed:4-Pyridyl carbonyl compounds as thrips lures: effectiveness for Western flower thrips in y-tube bioassays.
PubMed:Children's hedonic responses to the odors of alcoholic beverages: a window to emotions.
PubMed:The human brain distinguishes between single odorants and binary mixtures.
PubMed:Mechanisms of increased airway sensitivity to occupational chemicals and odors.
PubMed:Olfactometric determination of the most potent odor-active compounds in salmon muscle (Salmo salar) smoked by using four smoke generation techniques.
PubMed:Biotreatment of waste gas containing pyridine in a biofilter.
PubMed:Identification of components responsible for the odor of cigar smoker's breath.
PubMed:Olfactory sensitivity in medical laboratory workers occupationally exposed to organic solvent mixtures.
PubMed:Analytical determination of the suitability of different processes for the treatment of odorous waste gas.
PubMed:Chemosensory perception and event-related potentials in self-reported chemical hypersensitivity.
PubMed:Minimal olfactory perception during sleep: why odor alarms will not work for humans.
PubMed:Controlled exposures to volatile organic compounds in sensitive groups.
PubMed:Functional MRI of congenital hyposmia: brain activation to odors and imagination of odors and tastes.
PubMed:Lateralization of brain activation to imagination and smell of odors using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI): left hemispheric localization of pleasant and right hemispheric localization of unpleasant odors.
PubMed:Effects of pleasant and unpleasant ambient odors on human voice pitch.
PubMed:Physiologically initiated and inhibited phantosmia: cyclic unirhinal, episodic, recurrent phantosmia revealed by brain fMRI.
PubMed:Odor perception: multiple chemical sensitivities, chronic fatigue, and asthma.
PubMed:Taste and smell phantoms revealed by brain functional MRI (fMRI).
PubMed:Mapping brain activation to odorants in patients with smell loss by functional MRI.
PubMed:Olfactory dysfunction for pyridine and dementia progression in Alzheimer disease.
PubMed:Magnitude estimation of perceived odor intensity: empirical and theoretical properties.
PubMed:An interaction model for odor quality and intensity.
PubMed:Odor-intensity interaction in binary and ternary mixtures.
PubMed:Odor-intensity interaction in binary mixtures.
PubMed:Olfaction in migraineurs.
PubMed:Influence of adrenalectomy on the odor detection performance of rats.
PubMed:Thresholds for odor and nasal pungency.
PubMed:Changes in sensitivity to the odor of androstenone during adolescence.
PubMed:Olfactory adaptation and recovery in old age.
PubMed:A quantitative analysis of sniffing strategies in rats performing odor detection tasks.
PubMed:A comparison of odor perception in smokers, nonsmokers, and passive smokers.
PubMed:Impaired odor perception in tank cleaners.
PubMed:Ability to smell androstenone is genetically determined.
PubMed:Testing a perceptual constancy model for odor strength: the effects of sniff pressure and resistance to sniffing.
PubMed:Odor quality: semantically generated multidimensional profiles are stable.
PubMed:Olfactory detection thresholds using pyridine, thiophene, and phenethyl alcohol.
PubMed:The pyridine scale for clinical measurement of olfactory threshold: a quantitative reevaluation.
PubMed:Perceived odor intensity as a function of air flow through the nose.
PubMed:Olfactory self- and cross-adaptation: effects of time of adaptation on perceived odor intensity.
PubMed:Volatile Flavor Compounds Produced by Molds of Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fungi imperfecti.
 
Notes:
Flavouring ingredient
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