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Category:flavoring agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | pale yellow crystalline solid (est) |
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | 45.00 to 47.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Boiling Point: | 216.00 to 218.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Vapor Pressure: | 0.121000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point: | 224.00 °F. TCC ( 106.67 °C. )
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| logP (o/w): | 0.640 |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water, 3.43e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor Type: musty |
| musty beefy coffee |
| Odor Description:at 1.00 % in propylene glycol. musty beefy coffee |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
| European information : |
| Most important hazard(s): | | Xi - Irritant |
R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | flavoring agents |
| Recommendation for 2-formyl pyrrole usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.12 (μg/capita/day) |
| Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): | 400 (μg/person/day) |
| Threshold of Concern: | 540 (μg/person/day) |
| Structure Class: | II |
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| Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i). |
| Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm. |
| | average usage mg/kg | maximum usage mg/kg |
| Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): | 0.40000 | 2.00000 |
| Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
| Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): | 0.40000 | 2.00000 |
| Processed fruit (04.1): | 0.40000 | 2.00000 |
| Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): | - | - |
| Confectionery (05.0): | 1.00000 | 5.00000 |
| Chewing gum (05.3): | - | - |
| Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
| Bakery wares (07.0): | 2.00000 | 10.00000 |
| Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
| Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
| Eggs and egg products (10.0): | - | - |
| Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): | - | - |
| Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
| Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
| Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
| Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): | - | - |
| Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): | 1.00000 | 5.00000 |
| Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...
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European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):
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Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 24 (FGE.24): Pyridine, pyrrole, indole and quinoline derivatives from chemical group 28 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000)
View page or View pdf
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Pyridine, pyrrole, indole and quinoline derivatives from chemical group 28 Flavouring Group Evaluation 24, Revision 1 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC)
View page or View pdf
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Flavouring Group Evaluation 77 (FGE77) [1] - Consideration of Pyridine, Pyrrole and Quinoline Derivatives evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to Pyridine, Pyrrole, Indole and Quinoline Derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.24Rev1 (2008)
View page or View pdf
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Statement on List of Representative Substances for Testing.
The current Statement lays down a list of substances in sub-groups with representative substances for which additional data are required prior to their evaluation through the Procedure (Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000).
View page or View pdf
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Scientific opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 24, Revision 2 (FGE.24Rev2): Pyridine, pyrrole, indole and quinoline derivatives from chemical group 28
View page or View pdf
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| EPI System: View |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):1003-29-8 |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :13854 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| WGK Germany:3 |
| 1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde |
| Chemidplus:0001003298 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| 2- | formylpyrrole | | | pyrrole 2-carboxaldehyde | | 2- | pyrrole carbaldehyde | | | pyrrole-2-aldehyde | | | pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde | | 1H- | pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde | | | pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde | | 1H- | pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde | | | pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde (8CI) | | 2- | pyrrolecarbaldehyde | | 2- | pyrrolecarboxaldehyde | | 2- | pyrrolyl carboxaldehyde | | 2- | pyrrolylcarboxaldehyde |
Articles:
| PubMed:A new highly fluorescent and symmetric pyrrole-BF2 chromophore: BOPHY. |
| PubMed:Volatile profiling of high quality hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.): chemical indices of roasting. |
| PubMed:2-Pyrrolyloximes in high-nuclearity transition-metal cluster chemistry: Fe10 and Fe12. |
| PubMed:Nanostructural analysis of self-standing pyrrole/2-formylpyrrole copolymer films. |
| PubMed:Macrophage activating activity of pyrrole alkaloids from Morus alba fruits. |
| PubMed:Site-specific functionalization of RNA molecules by an unnatural base pair transcription system via click chemistry. |
| PubMed:Metal based new triazoles: their synthesis, characterization and antibacterial/antifungal activities. |
| PubMed:Straightforward acid-catalyzed synthesis of pyrrolyldipyrromethenes. |
| PubMed:Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some new hydrazone-bridged thiazole-pyrrole derivatives. |
| PubMed:Site-specific incorporation of functional components into RNA by an unnatural base pair transcription system. |
| PubMed:Synthesis and characterization of neutral luminescent diphosphine pyrrole- and indole-aldimine copper(I) complexes. |
| PubMed:"One-pot" multicomponent approach to indolizines and pyrido[1,2-a]indoles. |
| PubMed:Synthesis of (±)-desethylrhazinal using a tandem radical addition-cyclization process. |
| PubMed:Changes in volatile compounds upon aging and drying in oolong tea production. |
| PubMed:Site-specific fluorescent probing of RNA molecules by unnatural base-pair transcription for local structural conformation analysis. |
| PubMed:Spectroscopic characterization and biological activity of Zn(II), Cd(II), Sn(II) and Pb(II) complexes with Schiff base derived from pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde and 2-amino phenol. |
| PubMed:Metal based biologically active compounds: design, synthesis, and antibacterial/antifungal/cytotoxic properties of triazole-derived Schiff bases and their oxovanadium(IV) complexes. |
| PubMed:Infrared spectra and photochemistry of matrix-isolated pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde. |
| PubMed:Site-specific incorporation of functional components into RNA by transcription using unnatural base pair systems. |
| PubMed:Monomeric, dimeric and 1D chain polymeric copper(ii) complexes of a pyrrole-containing tridentate Schiff-base ligand and its 4-brominated analogue. |
| PubMed:Facile synthesis of unsubstituted beta,beta'-linked diformyldipyrromethanes. |
| PubMed:Amino(oligo)thiophene-based environmentally sensitive biomembrane chromophores. |
| PubMed:Suppression of blood lipid concentrations by volatile Maillard reaction products. |
| PubMed:DNA interaction studies and evaluation of biological activity of homo- and hetero-trihalide mononuclear Cu(II) Schiff base complexes. Quantitative structure-activity relationships. |
| PubMed:Removal of phytotoxic compounds from torrefied grass fibres by plant-beneficial microorganisms. |
| PubMed:Phosphoserine aminoacylation of tRNA bearing an unnatural base anticodon. |
| PubMed:Structure-Activity Relationships for Some Diamine, Triamine and Schiff Base Derivatives and Their Copper(II) Complexes. |
| PubMed:Synthesis of amidolanthanides with new chiral biaryl-based NNO ligands and their use as catalysts for enantioselective hydroamination/cyclization. |
| PubMed:Bis(ketopyrrolyl) complexes of Co(II) stabilised by trimethylphosphine ligands. |
| PubMed:Synthesis, characterization and DNA-binding properties of four Zn(II) complexes with bis(pyrrol-2-yl-methyleneamine) ligands. |
| PubMed:The multiple Maillard reactions of ribose and deoxyribose sugars and sugar phosphates. |
| PubMed:Fluorescent probing for RNA molecules by an unnatural base-pair system. |
| PubMed:[Optimize the extraction process with supercritical CO2 fluid from lotus leaves by the uniform design and analysis on the chemical constituents by GC-MS]. |
| PubMed:Infrared spectroscopy of pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde and its dimer: a planar beta-sheet peptide model? |
| PubMed:An unnatural base pair system for in vitro replication and transcription. |
| PubMed:Non-hydrogen-bonded base pairs for specific transcription. |
| PubMed:Concise total synthesis of the marine natural product ageladine A. |
| PubMed:Regiocontrolled synthesis of pyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes and 3-pyrrolin-2-ones from pyrrole Weinreb amides. |
| PubMed:Generation and contrasting gas-phase reactivity of 2-(2-alkenylpyrrol-1-yl)phenoxyl and thiophenoxyl radicals. |
| PubMed:Refined Synthesis of 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-1,3,3-trimethyldipyrrin, a Deceptively Simple Precursor to Hydroporphyrins. |
| PubMed:A reinvestigation of 4-hydroxyindole-6-carboxylate synthesis from pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde: a facile synthesis of indoles and indolizines. |
| PubMed:Effect of the pyrrole polymerization mechanism on the antioxidative activity of nonenzymatic browning reactions. |
| PubMed:An unnatural hydrophobic base pair with shape complementarity between pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde and 9-methylimidazo[(4,5)-b]pyridine. |
| PubMed:Antibacterial Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) complexes of thiadiazole derived furanyl, thiophenyl and pyrrolyl Schiff bases. |
| PubMed:Antioxidative activity of heterocyclic compounds found in coffee volatiles produced by Maillard reaction. |
| PubMed:New 5-alkylpyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde derivatives from the sponge Mycale tenuispiculata. |
| PubMed:Chemical investigation of Mycale mytilorum and a study on toxicity and antidiabetic activity of 5-octadecylpyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde. |
| PubMed:Rational synthesis of meso-substituted chlorin building blocks. |
| PubMed:The synthesis and P388 cytotoxicity of mycalazol 11 and related 5-acyl-2-hydroxymethylpyrroles. |
| PubMed:Organotin complexes with pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde monoacylhydrazones. Synthesis, spectroscopic properties, antimicrobial activity, and genotoxicity. |
| PubMed:Biologically active complexes of nickel(II), copper(II) and zinc(II) with Schiff-base ligand derived from the reaction of 2-aminopyridine and pyrrol-2-carboxaldehyde--their synthesis and characterisation. |
| PubMed:Mutagen formation in the reaction of Maillard browning products, 2-acetylpyrrole and its analogues, with nitrite. |
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3D/inchi