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Category:acidity regulators
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | colorless gas (est) |
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00
|
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | -78.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Boiling Point: | -33.35 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
|
| Vapor Pressure: | 8.750000 mmHg @ 21.00 °C. |
| Vapor Density: | 6.0 ( Air = 1 ) |
| Flash Point: | 270.00 °F. TCC ( 132.22 °C. )
|
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water, 5.101e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor Type: ammoniacal |
| ammoniacal |
| Odor Description:at 0.10 % in water. ammoniacal |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
| American Elements |
| Ammonia Anhydrous 99%
Odor: characteristic Use: Anhydrous Ammonia is a compound formed by the combination of two gaseous elements, nitrogen and hydrogen. Ammonia is approximately 82% nitrogen to 18% hydrogen. American Elements offers a broad range of products for hydrogen storage research, advanced fuel cells and battery applications. Hydrogen can easily be generated from renewable energy sources and is the most abundant element in the universe. Hydrogen is produced from various sources such as fossil fuels, water and renewables. Hydrogen is nonpolluting and forms water as a harmless byproduct during use. The challenges associated with the use of hydrogen as a form of energy include developing safe, compact, reliable, and cost-effective hydrogen storage and delivery technologies. Currently, hydrogen can be stored in these three forms: Compressed Hydrogen, Liquid Hydrogen and Chemical Storage.High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered. American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. |
| Axsyn |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Ammonia
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| Charkit Chemical |
| AMMONIA, 7M IN METHANOL
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| ECSA Chemicals |
| AMMONIA SOLUTION 12%
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| ECSA TRADE THE MOST UPDATED FINANCIAL PUBLICATION ON THE WORLD OF CHEMISTRY |
| ECSA Chemicals |
| AMMONIAK ANHYDROUS
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| Kraft Chemical |
| Ammonia
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| Krunal Group |
| Ammonia
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| Sigma-Aldrich: Aldrich |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Ammonia ≥99.99%
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| Universal Preserv-A-Chem Inc. |
| STRONG AMMONIA SOLUTION NF
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Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
| European information : |
| Most important hazard(s): | | T N - Toxic, Dangerous for the environment. |
R 10 - Flammable.
R 23 - Toxic by inhalation.
R 34 - Causes burns.
R 50 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 09 - Keep container in a well-ventilated place.
S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking.
S 23 - Do not breath vapour.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
S 45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately.
S 61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet.
|
| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
| |
| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-human LD50 15 ul/kg
Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Vol. 26, Pg. 29, 1944.
unreported-man LDLo 132 mg/kg
"Poisoning; Toxicology, Symptoms, Treatments," 2nd ed., Arena, J.M., Springfield, IL, C.C. Thomas, 1970Vol. 2, Pg. 73, 1970.
oral-man TDLo 15 uL/kg
GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGE IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF ESOPHAGUS
American Journal of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 3, Pg. 320, 1985.
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
inhalation-rat LC50 2000 ppm/4H
"Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 607, 1969.
inhalation-rabbit LC50 7000 mg/m3
Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Vol. 26, Pg. 29, 1944.
inhalation-mouse LC50 4230 ppm/1H
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA
BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR
Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. Vol. 41, Pg. 1568, 1982.
inhalation-cat LC50 7000 mg/m3/1H
BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT
PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: FLACCID PARALYSIS WITHOUT ANESTHESIA (USUALLY NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKAGE)
Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Vol. 26, Pg. 29, 1944.
inhalation-human LCLo 5000 ppm/5M
Tabulae Biologicae. Vol. 3, Pg. 231, 1933.
inhalation-human TCLo 20 ppm
SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: ULCERATED NASAL SEPTUM: OLFACTION
SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: CONJUNCTIVE IRRITATION: EYE
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: STRUCTURAL OR FUNCTIONAL CHANGE IN TRACHEA OR BRONCHI
Archiv fuer Gewerbepathologie und Gewerbehygiene. Vol. 13, Pg. 528, 1955.
inhalation-mammal (species unspecified) LCLo 5000 ppm/5M
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 138, Pg. 65, 1928.
inhalation-rabbit LC50 7000 mg/m3/1H
PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: FLACCID PARALYSIS WITHOUT ANESTHESIA (USUALLY NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKAGE)
BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT
Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Vol. 26, Pg. 29, 1944.
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | acidity regulators |
| Recommendation for ammonia usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
|
| |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 34.00 (μg/capita/day) |
| Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): | 110000 (μg/person/day) |
| Threshold of Concern: | 1800 (μg/person/day) |
| Structure Class: | I |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 24. Update in publication number(s): 29 |
| Click here to view publication 24 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | 282.00000 | 423.00000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | 150.00000 | 225.00000 |
| beverages(alcoholic): | 200.00000 | 300.00000 |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - |
| cheese: | - | - |
| chewing gum: | - | - |
| condiments / relishes: | 420.00000 | 630.00000 |
| confectionery froastings: | 500.00000 | 1500.00000 |
| egg products: | 1000.00000 | 3000.00000 |
| fats / oils: | 200.00000 | 300.00000 |
| fish products: | 1000.00000 | 3000.00000 |
| frozen dairy: | - | - |
| fruit ices: | - | - |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | - |
| granulated sugar: | - | - |
| gravies: | 420.00000 | 630.00000 |
| hard candy: | 1000.00000 | 3000.00000 |
| imitation dairy: | - | - |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
| jams / jellies: | - | - |
| meat products: | 1000.00000 | 3000.00000 |
| milk products: | 1000.00000 | 3000.00000 |
| nut products: | 420.00000 | 630.00000 |
| other grains: | 420.00000 | 630.00000 |
| poultry: | 420.00000 | 630.00000 |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | 325.00000 | 488.00000 |
| reconstituted vegetables: | 400.00000 | 630.00000 |
| seasonings / flavors: | 1000.00000 | 3000.00000 |
| snack foods: | 420.00000 | 630.00000 |
| soft candy: | - | - |
| soups: | 420.00000 | 630.00000 |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - |
| sweet sauces: | - | - |
| |
| Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i). |
| Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm. |
| | average usage mg/kg | maximum usage mg/kg |
| Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): | 500.00000 | 1500.00000 |
| Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): | - | - |
| Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): | - | - |
| Processed fruit (04.1): | - | - |
| Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): | - | - |
| Confectionery (05.0): | 500.00000 | 1500.00000 |
| Chewing gum (05.3): | - | - |
| Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): | - | - |
| Bakery wares (07.0): | - | - |
| Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): | 500.00000 | 1500.00000 |
| Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): | 500.00000 | 1500.00000 |
| Eggs and egg products (10.0): | - | - |
| Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): | - | - |
| Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): | 500.00000 | 1500.00000 |
| Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): | - | - |
| Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): | - | - |
| Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): | 500.00000 | 1500.00000 |
| Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): | 500.00000 | 1500.00000 |
| Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): | 500.00000 | 1500.00000 |
Safety References:
References:
Other Information:
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): | View |
| FDA Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: | View |
| CHEBI: | View |
| CHEMBL: | View |
| KEGG (GenomeNet): | C00014 |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB00051 |
| FooDB: | FDB003908 |
| YMDB (Yeast Metabolome Database): | YMDB00091 |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2814.10.0000 |
| FDA Listing of Food Additive Status: | View |
| MedlinePlusSupp: | View |
| Typical G.C. |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
Formulations/Preparations:
•grades: commercial 99.5%; refrigerant 99.97%.
•aqueous soln of ammonia is often referred to & labeled as a soln of ammonium hydroxide although there is little ammonium hydroxide present. in commerce, ammonia is avail in form of aqueous soln of varying concn, or as anhydrous ammonia furnished in liquefied form . ammonia in household use contains 10% ammonia & is known as 16 deg ammonia (referring to density in degrees baume, a concn term).
•shipping grades or purity: commercial, industrial, refrigeration, electronic, and metallurgical grades all have purity greater than 99.5%.
•ammonia solution, more than 10% and not more than 35% ammonia.
•ammonia solution, more than 35% and not more than 50% ammonia.
•bcmw; active ingredient 7.59% ammonia
•busan 1215; active ingredient 7.59% ammonia
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Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | ammonia anhydrous | | | ammonia gas | | | azane | | | spirit of hartshorn |
Articles:
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3D/inchi
