| Name: | trigonella foenum-graecum l. |
| FDA internal no.: | 977155-29-5 |
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| FDA UNII: | Search |
Category:spices, other natural seasonings and flavorings
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor Type: garlic |
| fenugreek |
| Odor Description:at 100.00 %. fenugreek |
| Flavor Type: garlic |
| fenugreek |
| Taste Description: fenugreek |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
| |
| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
|
| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | spices, other natural seasonings and flavorings |
| Recommendation for fenugreek seed usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 3 |
| Click here to view publication 3 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | - | 570.00000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 470.00000 |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - |
| cheese: | - | - |
| chewing gum: | - | - |
| condiments / relishes: | 420.00000 | 800.00000 |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - |
| egg products: | - | - |
| fats / oils: | - | - |
| fish products: | - | - |
| frozen dairy: | 15.00000 | 560.00000 |
| fruit ices: | 15.00000 | 560.00000 |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | - |
| granulated sugar: | - | - |
| gravies: | - | - |
| hard candy: | - | 600.00000 |
| imitation dairy: | - | - |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
| jams / jellies: | - | - |
| meat products: | - | 250.00000 |
| milk products: | - | - |
| nut products: | - | - |
| other grains: | - | - |
| poultry: | - | - |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | - | - |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
| snack foods: | - | - |
| soft candy: | - | - |
| soups: | - | - |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - |
| sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):
|
Review of substances/agents that have direct beneficial effect on the environment: mode of action and assessment of efficacy
View page or View pdf
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Retrospective analysis of the immunotoxic effects of plant protection products as reported in the Draft Assessment Reports for their peer review at EU level
View page or View pdf
|
| ClinicalTrials.gov:search |
| Daily Med:search |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| trigonella foenum-graecum l. |
| Chemidplus:0977155295 |
References:
| | trigonella foenum-graecum l. |
| Pubchem (sid): | 135293149 |
Other Information:
| FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): | View |
| FDA Listing of Food Additive Status: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | fenugreek - seeds | | | fenugreek seed powder | | | fenugreek seed whole or ground, available as 100% certified organic | | | frigonella foenum graecum seed | | | trigonella foenum-graecum seed |
Articles:
| PubMed:Safety, Efficacy and Toxicological Evaluation of a Novel, Patented Anti-Diabetic Extract of Trigonella Foenum-Graecum Seed Extract (Fenfuro(TM)). |
| PubMed:Effects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seed on bone mechanical properties in rats. |
| PubMed:Fenugreek extract diosgenin and pure diosgenin inhibit the hTERT gene expression in A549 lung cancer cell line. |
| PubMed:Fenugreek seed extract inhibit fat accumulation and ameliorates dyslipidemia in high fat diet-induced obese rats. |
| PubMed:Rhizobium tibeticum activated with a mixture of flavonoids alleviates nickel toxicity in symbiosis with fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.). |
| PubMed:The identification of a novel SIRT6 modulator from Trigonella foenum-graecum using ligand fishing with protein coated magnetic beads. |
| PubMed:Trigonella foenum-graecum L. seed mucilage-gellan mucoadhesive beads for controlled release of metformin HCl. |
| PubMed:The selective cytotoxic anti-cancer properties and proteomic analysis of Trigonella Foenum-Graecum. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant, oxidative DNA damage protective and antimicrobial activities of the plant Trigonella foenum-graecum. |
| PubMed:Fenugreek seeds reduce aluminum toxicity associated with renal failure in rats. |
| PubMed:Catalytic degradation of organic dyes using biosynthesized silver nanoparticles. |
| PubMed:Protective effect of aqueous extract of seed of Psoralea corylifolia (Somraji) and seed of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (Methi) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat: A comparative evaluation. |
| PubMed:Pharmacological effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. in health and disease. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant properties and quantitative UPLC-MS analysis of phenolic compounds from extracts of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds and bitter melon (Momordica charantia) fruit. |
| PubMed:Analytical and semipreparative separation of 25 (R/S)-spirostanol saponin diastereomers using supercritical fluid chromatography. |
| PubMed:Galactomannan: a versatile biodegradable seed polysaccharide. |
| PubMed:[Effect of fenugreek on the growth of different genesis tumors]. |
| PubMed:A mechanism-based pharmacological evaluation of efficacy of Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek) seeds in regulation of dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in hyperlipidemic rats. |
| PubMed:Chemomodulatory Effect of Trigonella foenum graecum (L.) Seed Extract on Two Stage Mouse Skin Carcinogenesis. |
| PubMed:Fenugreek seed mucilage-alginate mucoadhesive beads of metformin HCl: Design, optimization and evaluation. |
| PubMed:Identification of an additional protein involved in mannan biosynthesis. |
| PubMed:Antihyperglycemic and protective effects of Trigonella foenum graecum seed powder on biochemical alterations in alloxan diabetic rats. |
| PubMed:Effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum seed powder on the antioxidant levels of high fat diet and low dose streptozotocin induced type II diabetic rats. |
| PubMed:Ameliorative effects of standardized extract from Trigonella foenum-graecum L. seeds on painful peripheral neuropathy in rats. |
| PubMed:Performance of some Ethiopian fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) germplasm collections as compared with the commercial variety Challa. |
| PubMed:Deep EST profiling of developing fenugreek endosperm to investigate galactomannan biosynthesis and its regulation. |
| PubMed:Beneficial effects of Trigonella foenum graecum and sodium orthovanadate on metabolic parameters in experimental diabetes. |
| PubMed:Phytotherapy of alcoholism. |
| PubMed:Antidiabetic and neuroprotective effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum seed powder in diabetic rat brain. |
| PubMed:The potential of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) as a functional food and nutraceutical and its effects on glycemia and lipidemia. |
| PubMed:Synthesis and characterization of SIRT6 protein coated magnetic beads: identification of a novel inhibitor of SIRT6 deacetylase from medicinal plant extracts. |
| PubMed:Trigonella foenum graecum seed extract protects kidney function and morphology in diabetic rats via its antioxidant activity. |
| PubMed:Metabolic and molecular action of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) and trace metals in experimental diabetic tissues. |
| PubMed:The Role of Adrenergic and Angiotensinergic Systems in Vascular Effect of Alcoholic of Extract Trigonella foenum-graecum Seed in Diabetic Rats. |
| PubMed:Anti-hyperglycemic and anti-oxidative effect of aqueous extract of Momordica charantia pulp and Trigonella foenum graecum seed in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. |
| PubMed:Anti-inflammatory and anti-melanogenic steroidal saponin glycosides from Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seeds. |
| PubMed:Biochemical monitoring in fenugreek to develop functional food and medicinal plant variants. |
| PubMed:The effect of fenugreek on the gene expression of arachidonic acid metabolizing enzymes. |
| PubMed:Diosgenin present in fenugreek improves glucose metabolism by promoting adipocyte differentiation and inhibiting inflammation in adipose tissues. |
| PubMed:Modulation of quorum sensing controlled behaviour of bacteria by growing seedling, seed and seedling extracts of leguminous plants. |
| PubMed:A fenugreek seed extract selectively reduces spontaneous fat intake in overweight subjects. |
| PubMed:Fenugreek seeds reduce atherogenic diet-induced cholesterol gallstone formation in experimental mice. |
| PubMed:Complementary and comparative study on hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activity of various extracts of Eugenia jambolana seed, Momordica charantia fruits, Gymnema sylvestre, and Trigonella foenum graecum seeds in rats. |
| PubMed:Hypolipidemic effect of fenugreek seeds is mediated through inhibition of fat accumulation and upregulation of LDL receptor. |
| PubMed:A fenugreek seed extract selectively reduces spontaneous fat consumption in healthy volunteers. |
| PubMed:Acetylcholinesterase enzyme inhibitory potential of standardized extract of Trigonella foenum graecum L and its constituents. |
| PubMed:In vitro intestinal glucose uptake is inhibited by galactomannan from Canadian fenugreek seed (Trigonella foenum graecum L) in genetically lean and obese rats. |
| PubMed:Antihyperglycemic effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) seed extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats and its use in diabetes mellitus: a brief qualitative phytochemical and acute toxicity test on the extract. |
| PubMed:Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Trigonella foenum-graecum (seed) extract. |
| PubMed:The Modifying Effects of Galactomannan from Canadian-Grown Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) on the Glycemic and Lipidemic Status in Rats. |
| PubMed:Allergenicity and antigenicity of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) proteins in foods. |
| PubMed:Protective action of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seed polyphenols against alcohol-induced protein and lipid damage in rat liver. |
| PubMed:Trigoxazonane, a monosubstituted trioxazonane from Trigonella foenum-graecum root exudate, inhibits Orobanche crenata seed germination. |
| PubMed:Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seed polyphenols protect liver from alcohol toxicity: a role on hepatic detoxification system and apoptosis. |
| PubMed:Fenugreek seed (Trigonella foenum graecum) polyphenols inhibit ethanol-induced collagen and lipid accumulation in rat liver. |
| PubMed:Composition and content of seed flavonoids in forage and grain legume crops. |
| PubMed:Soluble dietary fibre fraction of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) seed improves glucose homeostasis in animal models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes by delaying carbohydrate digestion and absorption, and enhancing insulin action. |
| PubMed:In vivo effect of Trigonella foenum graecum on the expression of pyruvate kinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and distribution of glucose transporter (GLUT4) in alloxan-diabetic rats. |
| PubMed:Long-term effect of Trigonella foenum graecum and its combination with sodium orthovanadate in preventing histopathological and biochemical abnormalities in diabetic rat ocular tissues. |
| PubMed:Low doses of vanadate and Trigonella synergistically regulate Na+/K + -ATPase activity and GLUT4 translocation in alloxan-diabetic rats. |
| PubMed:Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seed extract prevents ethanol-induced toxicity and apoptosis in Chang liver cells. |
| PubMed:Amelioration of altered antioxidant status and membrane linked functions by vanadium and Trigonella in alloxan diabetic rat brains. |
| PubMed:Restoration of ultrastructural and biochemical changes in alloxan-induced diabetic rat sciatic nerve on treatment with Na3VO4 and Trigonella--a promising antidiabetic agent. |
| PubMed:Chemopreventive activities of Trigonella foenum graecum (Fenugreek) against breast cancer. |
| PubMed:Efficacy of lower doses of vanadium in restoring altered glucose metabolism and antioxidant status in diabetic rat lenses. |
| PubMed:Trigonella foenum graecum seed powder protects against histopathological abnormalities in tissues of diabetic rats. |
| PubMed:Diosgenin, a steroid saponin of Trigonella foenum graecum (Fenugreek), inhibits azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci formation in F344 rats and induces apoptosis in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. |
| PubMed:Effects of sodium-orthovanadate and Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds on hepatic and renal lipogenic enzymes and lipid profile during alloxan diabetes. |
| PubMed:Lower doses of vanadate in combination with trigonella restore altered carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidant status in alloxan-diabetic rats. |
| PubMed:Protective effect of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seeds in experimental ethanol toxicity. |
| PubMed:Oral administration of orthovanadate and Trigonella foenum graecum seed power restore the activities of mitochondrial enzymes in tissues of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. |
| PubMed:[Studies on chemical constituents from the seed of Trigonella foenum-graecum]. |
| PubMed:Mitigation of thyroxine-induced hyperglycaemia by two plant extracts. |
| PubMed:Tobacco transgenic lines that express fenugreek galactomannan galactosyltransferase constitutively have structurally altered galactomannans in their seed endosperm cell walls. |
| PubMed:In vitro effect of fenugreek extracts on intestinal sodium-dependent glucose uptake and hepatic glycogen phosphorylase A. |
| PubMed:Variation in diosgenin levels among 10 accessions of fenugreek seeds produced in western Canada. |
| PubMed:Transfer specificity of detergent-solubilized fenugreek galactomannan galactosyltransferase. |
| PubMed:Restoration on tissue antioxidants by fenugreek seeds (Trigonella Foenum Graecum) in alloxan-diabetic rats. |
| PubMed:Trigonellafoenum graecum (fenugreek) seed powder improves glucose homeostasis in alloxan diabetic rat tissues by reversing the altered glycolytic, gluconeogenic and lipogenic enzymes. |
| PubMed:Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek) seed extract as an antineoplastic agent. |
| PubMed:Microdetermination of diosgenin from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds. |
| PubMed:Medicinal foodstuffs. XVII. Fenugreek seed. (3): structures of new furostanol-type steroid saponins, trigoneosides Xa, Xb, XIb, XIIa, XIIb, and XIIIa, from the seeds of Egyptian Trigonellafoenum-graecum L. |
| PubMed:Effects of vanadate, insulin and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) on creatine kinase levels in tissues of diabetic rat. |
| PubMed:Modulation of some gluconeogenic enzyme activities in diabetic rat liver and kidney: effect of antidiabetic compounds. |
| PubMed:Effect of antidiabetic compounds on glyoxalase I activity in experimental diabetic rat liver. |
| PubMed:Effect of domestic processing on total and extractable calcium and zinc content of bathua (Chenopodium album) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) leaves. |
| PubMed:Acute and subchronic toxicity assessment of debitterized fenugreek powder in the mouse and rat. |
| PubMed:Effect of fenugreek seeds on blood lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in diabetic rats. |
| PubMed:Allergy to fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum). |
| PubMed:Medicinal foodstuffs. IV. Fenugreek seed. (1): structures of trigoneosides Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa, and IIIb, new furostanol saponins from the seeds of Indian Trigonella foenum-graecum L. |
| PubMed:Steroid saponins from fenugreek seeds: extraction, purification, and pharmacological investigation on feeding behavior and plasma cholesterol. |
| PubMed:Characterization of the hypoglycemic effects of Trigonella foenum graecum seed. |
| PubMed:Changes in the anti-nutritional factors of developing seeds and pod walls of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.). |
| PubMed:Effects of a fenugreek seed extract on feeding behaviour in the rat: metabolic-endocrine correlates. |
| PubMed:Control of mannose/galactose ratio during galactomannan formation in developing legume seeds. |
| PubMed:The effect of Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek) crude saponins on Hisex-type chicks. |
| PubMed:Inhibitors of human and bovine trypsin and chymotrypsin in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seeds. Demonstration and purification. |
| PubMed:Sensitivity of three leguminous crops to O3 as influenced by different stages of growth and development. |
| PubMed:Effect of fenugreek seeds on blood glucose and serum lipids in type I diabetes. |
| PubMed:Direct observation of cell wall structure in living plant tissues by solid-state C NMR spectroscopy. |
| PubMed:Effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum and Ammi majus on calcium oxalate urolithiasis in rats. |
| PubMed:Biosynthesis of legume-seed galactomannans in vitro : Cooperative interactions of a guanosine 5'-diphosphate-mannose-linked (1→4)-β-D-manno-syltransferase and a uridine 5'-diphosphate-galactose-linked α-D-galactosyltransferase in particulate enzyme preparations from developing endosperms of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) and guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba [L.] Taub.). |
| PubMed:Antidiabetic effects of subfractions from fenugreek seeds in diabetic dogs. |
| PubMed:Regulation of α-galactosidase activity and the hydrolysis of galactomannan in the endosperm of the fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seed. |
| PubMed:Galactomannan formation and guanosine 5'-diphosphate-mannose: galactomannan mannosyltransferase in developing seeds of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L., leguminosae). |
| PubMed:Mobilisation of the major stored reserves in the embryo of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L., Leguminosae), and correlated enzyme activities. |
| PubMed:Genotype dependent radiosensitivity of autotetraploids in Trigonella foenum-graecum L. |
| PubMed:A dual rôle for the endosperm and its galactomannan reserves in the germinative physiology of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), an endospermic leguminous seed. |
| PubMed:Antagonism of cadmium and alloxan-induced hyperglycemia in rats by Trigonella foenum graecum. |
| PubMed:Carbon dioxide assimilation in some aerial plant organs and tissues. |
| PubMed:Reserve carbohydrate metabolism in germinating seeds of trigonella foenum-graecum L. (Leguminosae). |
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