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Category:natural substances and extractives
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | 72.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Boiling Point: | 108.30 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
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| Vapor Pressure: | 26.000000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point: | 84.00 °F. TCC ( 28.90 °C. ) (est)
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| logP (o/w): | -0.390 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | water, 1e+006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-mouse LD50 606 mg/kg
Acta Universitatis Ouluensis, Series D: Medica. Vol. 55, Pg. 3, 1980.
oral-rat LD50 632 mg/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CYANOSIS
BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 7, Pg. 826, 1965.
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | natural substances and extractives |
| Recommendation for malonaldehyde usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Recommendation for malonaldehyde flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | malondialdehyde | | | malonic aldehyde | | | malonic dialdehyde | | | malonyldialdehyde | | | propanedial | | 1,3- | propanedial | | 1,3- | propanedialdehyde | | 1,3- | propanedione |
Articles:
| PubMed:Effect of ambient storage on the quality characteristics of aerobically packaged fish curls incorporated with different flours. |
| PubMed:Effect of hypobaric storage on quality, antioxidant enzyme and antioxidant capability of the Chinese bayberry fruits. |
| PubMed:The impact of postharvest interventions on the color stability and, subsequently, the palatability of beef from cattle fed wet distillers grain. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant activities of Korean rice wine concentrates. |
| PubMed:The thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reaction in foods: a review. |
| PubMed:Modified extraction 2-thiobarbituric acid method for measuring lipid oxidation in poultry. |
| PubMed:Quality and shelf life of buffalo meat blocks processed in retort pouches. |
| PubMed:Hepatoprotective effect of cymbopogon citratus aqueous extract against hydrogen peroxide-induced liver injury in male rats. |
| PubMed:A rapid, sensitive and solvent-less method for determination of malonaldehyde in meat by stir bar sorptive extraction coupled thermal desorption and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with in situ derivatization. |
| PubMed:The adjuvant effect induced by di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is mediated through oxidative stress in a mouse model of asthma. |
| PubMed:Evaluation of hypocholesterolemic effect and antioxidant activity of Boops boops proteins in cholesterol-fed rats. |
| PubMed:An Ipomoea batatas iron-sulfur cluster scaffold protein gene, IbNFU1, is involved in salt tolerance. |
| PubMed:Interfacial structural role of pH-shifting processed pea protein in the oxidative stability of oil/water emulsions. |
| PubMed:Comparison of hypoglycemic and antioxidative effects of polysaccharides from four different Dendrobium species. |
| PubMed:Nitrite residue and malonaldehyde reduction in dendeng--Indonesian dried meat--influenced by spices, curing methods and precooking preparation. |
| PubMed:Deoxynivalenol induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. |
| PubMed:Quality and shelf life evaluation of pork nuggets incorporated with fermented bamboo shoot (Bambusa polymorpha) mince. |
| PubMed:Hepatoprotection of sesquiterpenoids: a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) approach. |
| PubMed:Protective effect of Cymbopogon citratus on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in the reproductive system of male rats. |
| PubMed:Changes on physico-chemical, textural, lipolysis and volatile compounds during the manufacture of dry-cured foal "cecina". |
| PubMed:Effect of Kombucha, a fermented black tea in attenuating oxidative stress mediated tissue damage in alloxan induced diabetic rats. |
| PubMed:Isolation, characterization, and hepatoprotective effects of the raffinose family oligosaccharides from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. |
| PubMed:Curcumin attenuates arsenic-induced hepatic injuries and oxidative stress in experimental mice through activation of Nrf2 pathway, promotion of arsenic methylation and urinary excretion. |
| PubMed:Protective effects of naringin against paraquat-induced acute lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis in mice. |
| PubMed:Daily Manganese Intake Status and Its Relationship with Oxidative Stress Biomarkers under Different Body Mass Index Categories in Korean Adults. |
| PubMed:Effect of hypobaric storage on quality, antioxidant enzyme and antioxidant capability of the Chinese bayberry fruits. |
| PubMed:Antifatigue activities of loach protein hydrolysates with different antioxidant activities. |
| PubMed:Antihyperglycemic effects of fermented and nonfermented mung bean extracts on alloxan-induced-diabetic mice. |
| PubMed:Identification of the TaBTF3 gene in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and the effect of its silencing on wheat chloroplast, mitochondria and mesophyll cell development. |
| PubMed:Mass spectrometric evidence of malonaldehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal adductions to radical-scavenging soy peptides. |
| PubMed:Dietary available phosphorus affected growth performance, body composition, and hepatic antioxidant property of juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant activities of extracts from teas prepared from medicinal plants, Morus alba L., Camellia sinensis L., and Cudrania tricuspidata , and their volatile components. |
| PubMed:Protection of lung fibroblast MRC-5 cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage by 0.1-2.8 kDa antioxidative peptides isolated from whey protein hydrolysate. |
| PubMed:Enriched n-3 PUFA/konjac gel low-fat pork liver pâté: lipid oxidation, microbiological properties and biogenic amine formation during chilling storage. |
| PubMed:Comparison of ozone and chlorine in low concentrations as sanitizing agents of chicken carcasses in the water immersion chiller. |
| PubMed:Flavonoids with potent antioxidant activity found in young green barley leaves. |
| PubMed:Effect of food azo dye tartrazine on learning and memory functions in mice and rats, and the possible mechanisms involved. |
| PubMed:Wolbachia infection decreased the resistance of Drosophila to lead. |
| PubMed:Nutritive value of diets containing fish silage for juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei (Bonne, 1931). |
| PubMed:Color, lipid oxidation, sensory quality, and aroma compounds of beef steaks displayed under different levels of oxygen in a modified atmosphere package. |
| PubMed:Hepatoprotection of emodin and Polygonum multiflorum against CCl(4)-induced liver injury. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant properties of the mung bean flavonoids on alleviating heat stress. |
| PubMed:Response surface optimisation of extraction of antioxidants from strawberry fruit, and lipid peroxidation inhibitory potential of the fruit extract in cooked chicken patties. |
| PubMed:Pistacia lentiscus resin regulates intestinal damage and inflammation in trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant activities of Korean rice wine concentrates. |
| PubMed:Application of Lactobacillus fermentum HL57 and Pediococcus acidilactici SP979 as potential probiotics in the manufacture of traditional Iberian dry-fermented sausages. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant/anti-inflammatory activities and total phenolic content of extracts obtained from plants grown in Vietnam. |
| PubMed:Control of lipid oxidation in extruded salmon jerky snacks. |
| PubMed:Chemical composition of European squid and effects of different frozen storage temperatures on oxidative stability and fatty acid composition. |
| PubMed:Quality of fried broiler chicken leg muscles stored at different temperatures. |
| PubMed:Effects of berberine against radiation-induced intestinal injury in mice. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant/lipoxygenase inhibitory activities and chemical compositions of selected essential oils. |
| PubMed:Quality evaluation of beef patties formulated with bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean L.) seed flour. |
| PubMed:Decontamination of unpackaged and vacuum-packaged boneless chicken breast with pulsed ultraviolet light. |
| PubMed:Production of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) enriched bacon. |
| PubMed:Protection against free radicals (UVB irradiation) of a water-soluble enzymatic extract from rice bran. Study using human keratinocyte monolayer and reconstructed human epidermis. |
| PubMed:Potential in vitro antioxidant and protective effects of Gymnema montanum H. on alloxan-induced oxidative damage in pancreatic beta-cells, HIT-T15. |
| PubMed:Palmatine from Coptidis rhizoma reduces ischemia-reperfusion-mediated acute myocardial injury in the rat. |
| PubMed:[Experimental study for the anti-fatigue effect of ginseng general ginsenosides P.E. in vivo]. |
| PubMed:Effect of NaCl on protein and lipid oxidation in frozen yellowtail meat. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant assays for plant and food components. |
| PubMed:New strategies for reducing the pork back-fat content in typical Italian salami. |
| PubMed:Effect of high oxygen atmosphere storage on quality, antioxidant enzymes, and DPPH-radical scavenging activity of Chinese bayberry fruit. |
| PubMed:Variation in the cross-linking pattern of porcine myofibrillar protein exposed to three oxidative environments. |
| PubMed:Chemical compositions and antioxidant/anti-inflammatory activities of steam distillate from freeze-dried onion ( Allium cepa L.) sprout. |
| PubMed:Nonlinear four-way kinetic-excitation-emission fluorescence data processed by a variant of parallel factor analysis and by a neural network model achieving the second-order advantage: malonaldehyde determination in olive oil samples. |
| PubMed:Urocortin ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in obese db/db mice. |
| PubMed:Comparison of lycopene and fluvastatin effects on atherosclerosis induced by a high-fat diet in rabbits. |
| PubMed:Soy protein hydrolysate ameliorates cardiovascular remodeling in rats with L-NAME-induced hypertension. |
| PubMed:Effects of dark storage and retail display on beef chuck and round muscles enhanced with ammonium hydroxide, salt, and carbon monoxide. |
| PubMed:[Mechanism of protective effects of procyanidins on liver injury induced by alcohol in mice]. |
| PubMed:Effect of a low-density polyethylene film containing butylated hydroxytoluene on lipid oxidation and protein quality of Sierra fish (Scomberomorus sierra) muscle during frozen storage. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant activity of flavonoids isolated from young green barley leaves toward biological lipid samples. |
| PubMed:Nutritional composition of frog (Rana esculanta) waste meal. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant activities and volatile constituents of various essential oils. |
| PubMed:Effects of NaCl on 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal formation in yellowtail meat stored at 0 degrees C. |
| PubMed:Shelf-life of a chilled precooked chicken product stored in air and under modified atmospheres: microbiological, chemical, sensory attributes. |
| PubMed:Comparison of cardioprotective abilities between the flesh and skin of grapes. |
| PubMed:Quantitation of volatiles and nonvolatile acids in an extract from coffee beverages: correlation with antioxidant activity. |
| PubMed:Protective effects of soybean isoflavone against gamma-irradiation induced damages in mice. |
| PubMed:Effect of low-dose radiation on microbiological, chemical, and sensory characteristics of chicken meat stored aerobically at 4 degrees C. |
| PubMed:Selenium and vitamins status in Saudi children. |
| PubMed:[Effect of soybean isoflavone on the cognitive function in ovariectomized mice]. |
| PubMed:Formation and inhibition of genotoxic malonaldehyde from DNA oxidation controlled with EDTA. |
| PubMed:Malonaldehyde content in some breads and its change during storage. |
| PubMed:Improved malonaldehyde assay using headspace solid-phase microextraction and its application to the measurement of the antioxidant activity of phytochemicals. |
| PubMed:Antioxidative activity of volatile extracts isolated from Angelica tenuissimae roots, peppermint leaves, pine needles, and sweet flag leaves. |
| PubMed:Phytoestrogens possess a weak antioxidant activity on low density lipoprotein in contrast to the flavonoid quercetin in vitro in postmenopausal women. |
| PubMed:Inhibitory effects of volatile antioxidants found in various beans on malonaldehyde formation in horse blood plasma. |
| PubMed:Formation of genotoxic dicarbonyl compounds in dietary oils upon oxidation. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of malonaldehyde formation in oxidized calf thymus DNA with synthetic and natural antioxidants. |
| PubMed:Liver carcinogenesis and formation of 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine in C3H/HeN mice by oxidized dietary oils containing carcinogenic dicarbonyl compounds. |
| PubMed:The role of EDTA in malonaldehyde formation from DNA oxidized by Fenton reagent systems. |
| PubMed:Sodium lactate addition on the quality and shelf life of refrigerated sliced poultry sausage packaged in air or nitrogen atmosphere. |
| PubMed:Quality of buffalo meat burger containing legume flours as binders. |
| PubMed:ELISA for monitoring lipid oxidation in chicken myofibrils through quantification of hexanal-protein adducts. |
| PubMed:Inhibitory effects of plant-derived flavonoids and phenolic acids on malonaldehyde formation from ethyl arachidonate. |
| PubMed:Improved procedure for the determination of malonaldehyde by gas-chromatography with electron-capture detection as 2,4,6-trichlorophenylhydrazine derivative. |
| PubMed:Solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography for quantifying headspace hexanal above freeze-dried chicken myofibrils. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant activities of pomegranate fruit extract and its anthocyanidins: delphinidin, cyanidin, and pelargonidin. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of malonaldehyde formation from blood plasma oxidation by aroma extracts and aroma components isolated from clove and eucalyptus. |
| PubMed:Determination of antioxidant properties of aroma extracts from various beans. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant properties of aroma compounds isolated from soybeans and mung beans. |
| PubMed:Impact of dietary conjugated linoleic acid on the oxidative stability of rat liver microsomes and skeletal muscle homogenates. |
| PubMed:Assessing antioxidant and prooxidant activities of phenolic compounds. |
| PubMed:Comparative study of antioxidant potential of tea with and without additives. |
| PubMed:Antioxidative/Antimicrobial effects of galangal and alpha-tocopherol in minced beef. |
| PubMed:Antioxidative activity of rosemary extract in lipid fraction of minced meat balls during storage in a freezer. |
| PubMed:Structural changes of rabbit myosin subfragment 1 altered by malonaldehyde, a byproduct of lipid oxidation. |
| PubMed:Formation of malonaldehyde and acetaldehyde from the oxidation of 2'-deoxyribonucleosides. |
| PubMed:Effect of lupin seed proteins on quality characteristics of fermented sausages. |
| PubMed:Toxicity of oxidized fats II: tissue levels of lipid peroxides in rats fed a thermally oxidized corn oil diet. |
| PubMed:Chemometric model for describing Greek traditional sausages. |
| PubMed:Formation of malonaldehyde in the presence of probucol, an anti-atherosclerosis drug. |
| PubMed:Identification of hydrazine in commercial preparations of carnosine and its influence on carnosine's antioxidative properties. |
| PubMed:The thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reaction in foods: a review. |
| PubMed:High dietary omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids drastically increase the formation of etheno-DNA base adducts in white blood cells of female subjects. |
| PubMed:Prevention of lipid peroxidation induced by ochratoxin A in Vero cells in culture by several agents. |
| PubMed:Simultaneous determination of acrolein, malonaldehyde and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal produced from lipids oxidized with Fenton's reagent. |
| PubMed:Effect of dietary canola oil and its degree of oxidation on exocrine pancreatic secretions in growing pigs. |
| PubMed:Atherogenic and anti-atherogenic factors in the human diet. |
| PubMed:Variations in the level of urinary thiobarbituric acid reactant in healthy humans under different physiological conditions. |
| PubMed:The use of ultraviolet radiation to reduce Salmonella and psychrotrophic bacterial contamination on poultry carcasses. |
| PubMed:Diabetes increases excretion of urinary malonaldehyde conjugates in rats. |
| PubMed:Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of lipid-oxidation products. |
| PubMed:Methodology for measuring malonaldehyde as a product of lipid peroxidation in muscle tissues: A review. |
| PubMed:[Composition and stability of fatty acids from deboned cachama and sardine meat during freezer storage]. |
| PubMed:Influence of dietary iron overload on cell proliferation and intestinal tumorigenesis in mice. |
| PubMed:Effects of the peroxisome proliferators ciprofibrate and perfluorodecanoic acid on hepatic cellular antioxidants and lipid peroxidation in rats. |
| PubMed:Urinary response to in vivo lipid peroxidation induced by vitamin E deficiency. |
| PubMed:Comparisons of diet and biochemical characteristics of stool and urine between Chinese populations with low and high colorectal cancer rates. |
| PubMed:Development of rancidity in salmonoid steaks during retail display. A comparison of practical storage life of wild salmon and farmed rainbow trout. |
| PubMed:Effect of dietary vitamin E on the development of altered hepatic foci and hepatic tumors induced by the peroxisome proliferator ciprofibrate. |
| PubMed:Potato tuber succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase: purification and characterization. |
| PubMed:Spectrophotometric method for the determination of sorbic acid in various food samples with iron(III) and 2-thiobarbituric acid as reagents. |
| PubMed:Modified extraction 2-thiobarbituric acid method for measuring lipid oxidation in poultry. |
| PubMed:Association between lipid peroxidation and life-modifying factors in rotifers. |
| PubMed:Lipofuscin and lipofuscin-like substances. |
| PubMed:Occurrence of lipid oxidation products in foods. |
| PubMed:Malonaldehyde toxicity. |
| PubMed:Determination of malonaldehyde in biological materials by high-pressure liquid chromatography. |
| PubMed:Putative mutagens and carcinogens in foods. IV. Malonaldehyde (malondialdehyde). |
| PubMed:Malonaldehyde content of food. |
| PubMed:Formation of malonaldehyde in frozen baltic herring and its influence on the changes in proteins. |
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the dialdehyde of malonic acid. Used as an indicator of fatty acid and lipid peroxidation, and oxidative changes in foods
MDA and other "thiobarbituric reactive substances" (TBARS) condense with two equivalents of thiobarbituric acid to give a fluorescent red derivative that can be assayed spectrophotometrically. 1-Methyl-2-phenylindole is an alternative more selective reagent.; Malondialdehyde (MDA) is the dialdehyde of malonic acid and a biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking.; Oxidized lipids are able to produce MDA as a decomposition product. The mechanism is thought to involve formation of prostaglandin-like endoperoxides from polyunsaturated fatty acids with two or more double bonds. An alternative mechanism is based on successive hydroperoxide formation and β-cleavage of polyunsaturated fatty acids. MDA is then directly formed by β-scission of a 3-hydroperoxyaldehyde or by reaction between acrolein and hydroxyl radicals. While oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids is the major source of MDA in vivo, other minor sources exists such as byproducts of free radical generation by ionizing radiation and of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aldehydes are generally reactive species capable of forming adducts and complexes in biological systems and MDA is no exception although the main species at physiological pH is the enolate ion which is of relative low reactivity. Consistent evidence is available for the reaction between MDA and cellular macromolecules such as proteins, RNA and DNA. MDA reacts with DNA to form adducts to deoxyguanosine and deoxyadenosine which may be mutagenic and these can be quantified in several human tissues. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants on a cellular or individual level. Oxidative damage is one result of such an imbalance and includes oxidative modification of cellular macromolecules, induction of cell death by apoptosis or necrosis, as well as structural tissue damage. Chemically speaking, oxidants are compounds capable of oxidizing target molecules. This can take place in three ways: abstraction of hydrogen, abstraction of electrons or addition of oxygen. All cells living under aerobic conditions are continuously exposed to a large numbers of oxidants derived from various endogenous and exogenous sources. The endogenous sources of oxidants are several and include the respiratory chain in the mitochondria, immune reactions, enzymes such as xanthine oxidase and nitric oxide synthase and transition metal mediated oxidation. Various exogenous sources of ROS also contribute directly or indirectly to the total oxidant load. These include effects of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, air pollution and natural toxic gases such as ozone, and chemicals and toxins including oxidizing disinfectants. A poor diet containing inadequate amounts of nutrients may also indirectly result in oxidative stress by impairing cellular defense mechanisms. The cellular macromolecules, in particular lipids, proteins and DNA, are natural targets of oxidation. Oxidants are capable of initiating lipid oxidation by abstraction of an allylic proton from a polyunsaturated fatty acid. This process, by multiple stages leading to the formation of lipid hydroperoxides, is a known contributor to the development of atherosclerosis. (PMID: 17336279); Malondialdehyde is a highly reactive compound that is not typically observed in pure form. In the laboratory it can be generated in situ by hydrolysis of 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane, which is commercially available. It is easily deprotonated to give the sodium salt of the enolate (m.p. 245 °C).; Malondialdehyde is the organic compound with the formula CH2(CHO)2. The structure of this species is more complex than this formula suggests. This reactive species occurs naturally and is a marker for oxidative stress.; Reactive oxygen species degrade polyunsaturated lipids, forming malondialdehyde. This compound is a reactive aldehyde and is one of the many reactive electrophile species that cause toxic stress in cells and form covalent protein adducts which are referred to as advanced lipoxidation end products (ALE), in analogy to advanced glycation end-products (AGE). The production of this aldehyde is used as a biomarker to measure the level of oxidative stress in an organism.
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3D/inchi