EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

thymine
2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione, 5-methyl-

Supplier Sponsors

Name:5-methyl-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione
CAS Number: 65-71-4Picture of molecule3D/inchi
Other(deleted CASRN):3059-73-2
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:200-616-1
FDA UNII: QR26YLT7LT
Nikkaji Web:J2.357D
Beilstein Number:607626
MDL:MFCD00006026
XlogP3:-0.60 (est)
Molecular Weight:126.11522000
Formula:C5 H6 N2 O2
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:cosmetic agents
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
 
Physical Properties:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 316.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Flash Point: 32.00 °F. TCC ( 0.00 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): -0.620
Soluble in:
 water, 3820 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
 water, 1.578e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
CosIng:cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses: skin conditioning
 
Suppliers:
Alfa Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
Thymine 98%
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
5-Methyluracil >98%
Changzhou Longo Chemical
Thymine
Glentham Life Sciences
Thymine
Penta International
THYMINE
Sigma-Aldrich: Sigma
For experimental / research use only.
Thymine ≥99%
sds
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-mouse LD50 3500 mg/kg
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, Scientific Edition. Vol. 44, Pg. 56, 1955.

intraperitoneal-mouse LDLo 1000 mg/kg
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. Vol. 60, Pg. 251, 1954.

Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
cosmetic agents
Recommendation for thymine usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for thymine flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
EPI System: View
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA GENetic TOXicology:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):65-71-4
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :1135
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:2
5-methyl-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione
Chemidplus:0000065714
RTECS:XP2100000 for cas# 65-71-4
 
References:
 5-methyl-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid):1135
Pubchem (sid):134972631
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
Golm Metabolome Database:Search
KEGG (GenomeNet):C00178
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB00262
FooDB:FDB021922
YMDB (Yeast Metabolome Database):YMDB00885
Export Tariff Code:2933.59.9000
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
None Found
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 found in nature
 
Synonyms:
2,4-dihydroxy-5-methylpyrimidine
4-hydroxy-5-methylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one
5-methyl uracil
5-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2,4-dione
5-methyl-1,3-dihydropyrimidine-2,4-dione
5-methyl-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione
5-methyl-2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine
5-methyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidindion
5-methyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione
5-methyl-uracil
5-methylpyrimidine-2,4-diol
5-methylpyrimidine-2,4-dione
5-methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione
5-methyluracil
2,4-pyrimidinediol, 5-methyl-
2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione, 5-methyl-
 

Articles:

PubMed:Poly thymine stabilized copper nanoclusters as a fluorescence probe for melamine sensing.
PubMed:Development of mercury (II) ion biosensors based on mercury-specific oligonucleotide probes.
PubMed:Enzyme-triggered formation of enzyme-tyramine concatamers on nanogold-functionalized dendrimer for impedimetric detection of Hg(II) with sensitivity enhancement.
PubMed:Detection of UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers by near-infrared spectroscopy and aquaphotomics.
PubMed:A new fluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon dot system modified by the fluorophore-labeled ssDNA for the analysis of 6-mercaptopurine and Hg (II).
PubMed:A novel aptasensor based on single-molecule force spectroscopy for highly sensitive detection of mercury ions.
PubMed:Label-free colorimetric sensor for mercury(II) and DNA on the basis of mercury(II) switched-on the oxidase-mimicking activity of silver nanoclusters.
PubMed:Ultrasensitive and rapid screening of mercury(II) ions by dual labeling colorimetric method in aqueous samples and applications in mercury-poisoned animal tissues.
PubMed:Highly sensitive colorimetric sensor for Hg(2+) detection based on cationic polymer/DNA interaction.
PubMed:Epigallocatechin gallate, ellagic acid, and rosmarinic acid perturb dNTP pools and inhibit de novo DNA synthesis and proliferation of human HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells: Synergism with arabinofuranosylcytosine.
PubMed:Non-enzymatic depurination of nucleic acids: factors and mechanisms.
PubMed:Groove binding interaction between daphnetin and calf thymus DNA.
PubMed:Palladium nanoparticles decorated on reduced graphene oxide rotating disk electrodes toward ultrasensitive hydrazine detection: effects of particle size and hydrodynamic diffusion.
PubMed:Genetic association for caries susceptibility among cleft lip and/or palate individuals.
PubMed:Hydrogen-bonding recognition-induced aggregation of gold nanoparticles for the determination of the migration of melamine monomers using dynamic light scattering.
PubMed:The limitations of diazepam as a treatment for nerve agent-induced seizures and neuropathology in rats: comparison with UBP302.
PubMed:Dual hairpin-like molecular beacon based on coralyne-adenosine interaction for sensing melamine in dairy products.
PubMed:Real-time analysis of self-assembled nucleobases by Venturi easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Simultaneous quantification of purine and pyrimidine bases, nucleosides and their degradation products in bovine blood plasma by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Comparative analysis of the base compositions of the pre-mRNA 3' cleaved-off region and the mRNA 3' untranslated region relative to the genomic base composition in animals and plants.
PubMed:Current approaches of the management of mercury poisoning: need of the hour.
PubMed:Ultrasensitive detection of mercury with a novel one-step signal amplified lateral flow strip based on gold nanoparticle-labeled ssDNA recognition and enhancement probes.
PubMed:A novel label-free electrochemical sensor for Hg2+ based on the catalytic formation of metal nanoparticle.
PubMed:Magnetic detection of mercuric ion using giant magnetoresistance-based biosensing system.
PubMed:A reusable and sensitive biosensor for total mercury in canned fish based on fluorescence polarization.
PubMed:Development of a minimal chemically defined medium for Ketogulonicigenium vulgare WSH001 based on its genome-scale metabolic model.
PubMed:Binding properties of butylated hydroxytoluene with calf thymus DNA in vitro.
PubMed:ß-Phenylethylamine as a novel nutrient treatment to reduce bacterial contamination due to Escherichia coli O157:H7 on beef meat.
PubMed:Development and application of a method for determination of nucleosides and nucleobases in Mactra veneriformis.
PubMed:Recognition of O6-benzyl-2'-deoxyguanosine by a perimidinone-derived synthetic nucleoside: a DNA interstrand stacking interaction.
PubMed:Fasting induced cytoplasmic Fto expression in some neurons of rat hypothalamus.
PubMed:A SERS active gold nanostar dimer for mercury ion detection.
PubMed:Stable isotope probing and Raman spectroscopy for monitoring carbon flow in a food chain and revealing metabolic pathway.
PubMed:Theoretical study on the binding mechanism between N6-methyladenine and natural DNA bases.
PubMed:Kinetic analysis of reverse transcriptase activity of bacterial family A DNA polymerases.
PubMed:Highly sensitive and selective chip-based fluorescent sensor for mercuric ion: development and comparison of turn-on and turn-off systems.
PubMed:GC-TOF-MS- and CE-TOF-MS-based metabolic profiling of cheonggukjang (fast-fermented bean paste) during fermentation and its correlation with metabolic pathways.
PubMed:A novel compound with antioxidant activity produced by Serratia ureilytica TKU013.
PubMed:Target-induced structure-switching DNA hairpins for sensitive electrochemical monitoring of mercury (II).
PubMed:Supramolecular polymeric chemosensor for biomedical applications: design and synthesis of a luminescent zinc metallopolymer as a chemosensor for adenine detection.
PubMed:The Glu298Asp single nucleotide polymorphism in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene differentially affects the vascular response to acute consumption of fruit and vegetable puree based drinks.
PubMed:Genetic variation in MMP20 contributes to higher caries experience.
PubMed:A fluorescence turn-on sensor for iodide based on a thymine-Hg(II)-thymine complex.
PubMed:"Turn-on" chemiluminescence sensor for the highly selective and ultrasensitive detection of Hg2+ ions based on interstrand cooperative coordination and catalytic formation of gold nanoparticles.
PubMed:Label-free DNA hybridization detection and single base-mismatch discrimination using CE-ICP-MS assay.
PubMed:An ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor for the mercuric ion via controlled assembly of SWCNTs.
PubMed:Ultraviolet irradiation and the mechanisms underlying its inactivation of infectious agents.
PubMed:Naked eye sensing of melamine using rationally tailored gold nanoparticles: hydrogen-bonding and charge-transfer recognition.
PubMed:Label-free fluorescent sensor for mercury(II) ion by using carbon nanotubes to reduce background signal.
PubMed:Radiation metabolomics. 4. UPLC-ESI-QTOFMS-Based metabolomics for urinary biomarker discovery in gamma-irradiated rats.
PubMed:Folate, DNA damage and the aging brain.
PubMed:Radiation metabolomics. 3. Biomarker discovery in the urine of gamma-irradiated rats using a simplified metabolomics protocol of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with random forests machine learning algorithm.
PubMed:Highly sensitive fluorescent sensor for mercury ion based on photoinduced charge transfer between fluorophore and pi-stacked T-Hg(II)-T base pairs.
PubMed:Genetic and environmental risks for high blood pressure among African American mothers and daughters.
PubMed:Folic acid is a potent chemoattractant of free-living amoebae in a new and amazing species of protist, Vahlkampfia sp.
PubMed:Construction of helical J-aggregates self-assembled from a thymidylic acid appended anthracene dye and DNA as a template.
PubMed:Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency and low dietary folate reduce tumorigenesis in Apc min/+ mice.
PubMed:Specific mercury(II) adsorption by thymine-based sorbent.
PubMed:Citrus fruit intake is associated with lower serum bilirubin concentration among women with the UGT1A1*28 polymorphism.
PubMed:Genetical survey of novel type of Cryptosporidium andersoni in cattle in Japan.
PubMed:Distribution of nucleosides and nucleobases in edible fungi.
PubMed:Preliminary evidence for genetic selection of 677T-MTHFR by natural annual cycle of folate abundance.
PubMed:Inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus in milk using flow-through pulsed UV-light treatment system.
PubMed:Cycloheximide resistance in the Lipomycetaceae revisited.
PubMed:Cloning and characterization of genes encoded in dTDP-D-mycaminose biosynthetic pathway from a midecamycin-producing strain, Streptomyces mycarofaciens.
PubMed:Mutagenic nucleotide incorporation and hindered translocation by a food carcinogen C8-dG adduct in Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4): modeling and dynamics studies.
PubMed:Cruciferae interact with the UGT1A1*28 polymorphism to determine serum bilirubin levels in humans.
PubMed:Are effects of MTHFR (C677T) genotype on BMD confined to women with low folate and riboflavin intake? Analysis of food records from the Danish osteoporosis prevention study.
PubMed:Polymorphisms in the bovine leptin promoter associated with serum leptin concentration, growth, feed intake, feeding behavior, and measures of carcass merit.
PubMed:Effects of zidovudine, stavudine and beta-aminoisobutyric acid on lipid homeostasis in mice: possible role in human fat wasting.
PubMed:Genotoxicity of acrylamide in human lymphocytes.
PubMed:Separation of purine and pyrimidine bases by capillary electrophoresis using beta-cyclodextrin as an additive.
PubMed:Identification and functional characterization of the Lactococcus lactis rfb operon, required for dTDP-rhamnose Biosynthesis.
PubMed:[Peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor-gamma ligands ameliorate autoimmune myocarditis associated with inhibition of T cell immunity].
PubMed:Thermolytic carbonates for potential 5'-hydroxyl protection of deoxyribonucleosides.
PubMed:Folate status response to controlled folate intake is affected by the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C-->T polymorphism in young women.
PubMed:The -159 C-->T polymorphism of CD14 is associated with nonatopic asthma and food allergy.
PubMed:[Preliminary study on measurement of human fecundity applicability of time to pregnancy with Japanese subjects].
PubMed:Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C>T and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) 66A>G polymorphisms: association with serum homocysteine and angiographic coronary artery disease in the era of flour products fortified with folic acid.
PubMed:A missense mutation in the Abcg5 gene causes phytosterolemia in SHR, stroke-prone SHR, and WKY rats.
PubMed:Vitamin A-related compounds, all-trans retinal and retinoic acids, selectively inhibit activities of mammalian replicative DNA polymerases.
PubMed:Thymidine phosphorylase as a target for imaging and therapy with thymine analogs.
PubMed:Transcriptional analysis and regulation of expression of the ScrFI restriction-modification system of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris UC503.
PubMed:Selective interaction of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase nonnucleoside inhibitor efavirenz and its thio-substituted analog with different enzyme-substrate complexes.
PubMed:Stereodifferentiation of 3-hydroxyisobutyric- and 3-aminoisobutyric acid in human urine by enantioselective multidimensional capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Dietary supplement of G-rutin reduces oxidative damage in the rodent model.
PubMed:Reduction of thymine hydroperoxide by phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferases.
PubMed:Dietary nucleotides: effects on cell proliferation following partial hepatectomy in rats fed NIH-31, AIN-76A, or folate/methyl-deficient diets.
PubMed:Differential sensitivity to loss of cytosine methyl groups within the hepatic p53 gene of folate/methyl deficient rats.
PubMed:The genetic toxicology of 5-fluoropyrimidines and 5-chlorouracil.
PubMed:A highly sensitive and fast nonradioactive method for detection of polymerase chain reaction products.
PubMed:Influence of cellular differentiation on ultraviolet induced DNA damage and its repair mechanisms in B. cereus.
PubMed:Formation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine in hepatic DNA of rats treated with gamma-irradiation, diethylnitrosamine, 2-acetylaminofluorene or the peroxisome proliferator ciprofibrate.
PubMed:Effects of leucovorin on idoxuridine cytotoxicity and DNA incorporation.
PubMed:Thymidylate synthase gene from Lactococcus lactis as a genetic marker: an alternative to antibiotic resistance genes.
PubMed:Effect of the DNA replication velocity on the response of Salmonella typhimurium to mild heating.
PubMed:Inhibition of macromolecular synthesis by caffeine in Clostridium perfringens.
PubMed:Alkylation of 2'-deoxythymidylyl(3'----5')-2'-deoxythymidine with 2-hydroxyethylnitrosourea and stability of the resulting phosphotriester.
PubMed:Effect of some dietary additions to either an arginine-devoid diet or a diet supplemented with orotic acid refed after starvation on liver lipid content during essential fatty acid deficiency in rats.
PubMed:[DNA nucleotide composition of Gram-positive cocci isolated from food products of animal origin].
PubMed:The effect of antibiotic therapy on the faecal excretion of Salmonella typhimurium by experimentally infected chickens.
PubMed:[Effect of pseudothymine as a food additive on the growth of rats and swine].
PubMed:Contribution of certain nutrients added to foods to dietary intake.
PubMed:[Composition of Venezuelan opaque-2 corn. Analysis and biological quality of cakes of opaque-2 and of common corn].
PubMed:Folate metabolism.
 
Notes:
One of the pyrimidine bases of living matter. Derivation: Hydrolysis of deoxyribonucleic acid, from methylcyanoacetylurea by catalytic reduction. Use: Biochemical research. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary) Thymine is a pyrimidine nucleobase. As the name implies, thymine may be derived by methylation of uracil at the 5th carbon. Thymine is found in the nucleic acid DNA. In RNA thymine is replaced with uracil in most cases. In DNA, thymine binds to adenine via two hydrogen bonds to assist in stabilizing the nucleic acid structures. [HMDB]
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