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lithium chloride
hydrochloric acid lithium salt

Supplier Sponsors

CAS Number: 7447-41-8Picture of molecule3D/inchi
Other(deleted CASRN):1220508-63-3
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:231-212-3
FDA UNII: G4962QA067
Nikkaji Web:J36.800H
MDL:MFCD00011078
Molecular Weight:42.39300000
Formula:Cl Li
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:cosmetic agents
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
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Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
 
Physical Properties:
Appearance:colorless crystals or powder (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity:2.06800 @ 25.00 °C.
Melting Point: 610.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Boiling Point:1383.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure:1.000000 mmHg @ 547.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 32.00 °F. TCC ( 0.00 °C. ) (est)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
CosIng:cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses:
 
Suppliers:
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Lithium Chloride, 40 % solution in water 95%
Charkit Chemical
LITHIUM CHLORIDE 10% SOLUTION
ECSA Chemicals
LITHIUM CHLORIDE ANHYDROUS STANDARD CRYSTALS
ECSA TRADE THE MOST UPDATED FINANCIAL PUBLICATION ON THE WORLD OF CHEMISTRY
Glentham Life Sciences
Lithium chloride
Penta International
LITHIUM CHLORIDE POWDER
Santa Cruz Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
Lithium Chloride ≥99%
Sigma-Aldrich: Sigma
For experimental / research use only.
Lithium Chloride for molecular biology, ≥99%
sds
Strem Chemicals
For experimental / research use only.
Lithium chloride, 99% (ACS)
TCI AMERICA
For experimental / research use only.
Lithium Chloride (2.3% in Tetrahydrofuran, ca. 0.5mol/L)
sds
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-bird - wild LD50 422 mg/kg
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 355, 1983.

intraperitoneal-cat LD50 492 mg/kg
Russian Pharmacology and Toxicology Vol. 42, Pg. 9, 1979.

intravenous-dog LDLo 500 mg/kg
GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF SALIVARY GLANDS MUSCULOSKELETAL: OTHER CHANGES BEHAVIORAL: FOOD INTAKE (ANIMAL)
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 100, Pg. 429, 1950.

intraperitoneal-guinea pig LD50 624 mg/kg
"Spravochnik po Toksikologii i Gigienicheskim Normativam Vol. -, Pg. 157, 1999.

oral-human LDLo 200 mg/kg/3D
BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY) BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS
JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association. Vol. 139, Pg. 688, 1949.

oral-human TDLo 243 mg/kg/13D
BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR
JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association. Vol. 139, Pg. 688, 1949.

intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 600 mg/kg
Journal of Thermal Biology. Vol. 6, Pg. 87, 1981.

intravenous-mouse LD50 363 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: ANTIPSYCHOTIC BRAIN AND COVERINGS: RECORDINGS FROM SPECIFIC AREAS OF CNS
Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. Vol. 7, Pg. 413, 1973.

oral-mouse LD50 1165 mg/kg
Russian Pharmacology and Toxicology Vol. 33, Pg. 266, 1970.

oral-quail LD50 422 mg/kg
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 355, 1983.

oral-rabbit LD50 800 mg/kg
Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya Vol. 39, Pg. 53, 1976.

intraperitoneal-rat LD50 514 mg/kg
Personal Communication from K.P. Petersen, DAK Labs., 59 Lergravsvej, DK-2300, Copenhagen, Demark, Dec. 22, 1977Vol. 22DEC1977

intratracheal-rat LD50 205 mg/kg
"Spravochnik po Toksikologii i Gigienicheskim Normativam Vol. -, Pg. 157, 1999.

oral-rat LD50 526 mg/kg
Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. Vol. 47, Pg. 351, 1980.

Dermal Toxicity:
subcutaneous-cat LDLo 450 mg/kg
Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. Vol. 1, Pg. 1, 1975.

subcutaneous-frog LDLo 885 mg/kg
"Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1289, 1935.

subcutaneous-guinea pig LDLo 620 mg/kg
Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. Vol. 1, Pg. 1, 1975.

subcutaneous-mouse LD50 738 mg/kg
MUSCULOSKELETAL: OTHER CHANGES BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR
Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. Vol. 43, Pg. 51, 1978.

subcutaneous-rabbit LDLo 531 mg/kg
Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. Vol. 1, Pg. 1, 1975.

subcutaneous-rat LD50 499 mg/kg
Personal Communication from K.P. Petersen, DAK Labs., 59 Lergravsvej, DK-2300, Copenhagen, Demark, Dec. 22, 1977Vol. 22DEC1977

Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
cosmetic agents
Recommendation for lithium chloride usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for lithium chloride flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
EPI System: View
NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards:search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA GENetic TOXicology:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):7447-41-8
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :433294
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:1
lithium;chloride
Chemidplus:0007447418
EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials
RTECS:7447-41-8
 
References:
 lithium;chloride
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:7447-41-8
Pubchem (cid):433294
Pubchem (sid):134988848
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):Search
Export Tariff Code:2827.39.9000
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
Formulations/Preparations:
•grade: technical, 99% (min) assay; 35-40% brine, inhibited; single crystals. •99.8% purity grade, anhydrous (99.3%) grade, acs granular reagent grade
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
None Found
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 not found in nature
 
Synonyms:
 hydrochloric acid lithium salt
 lithium monochloride
 lithium;chloride
 

Articles:

PubMed:Pavlovian discrimination in rats using voluntary exposure to a lithium chloride procedure.
PubMed:Orexin-1 receptor antagonist in central nucleus of the amygdala attenuates the acquisition of flavor-taste preference in rats.
PubMed:Effects of extended context discrimination training and context extinction on transfer of context dependency of conditioned flavor aversion.
PubMed:Conditioned flavor avoidance and conditioned gaping: rat models of conditioned nausea.
PubMed:Nonreinforced flavor exposure attenuates the effects of conditioned taste aversion on both flavor consumption and cue palatability.
PubMed:Extinction makes conditioning time-dependent.
PubMed:Avoidance but not aversion following sensory preconditioning with flavors: a challenge to stimulus substitution.
PubMed:Fluid consumption in lithium-treated rats: roles of stimulus novelty and context novelty.
PubMed:Do gastrointestinal taste receptors contribute to associative learning and foraging behavior?
PubMed:MK-801 induces a low intensity conditioned taste aversion.
PubMed:A conditioned aversion study of sucrose and SC45647 taste in TRPM5 knockout mice.
PubMed:Reconciling sensory cues and varied consequences of avian repellents.
PubMed:Latent inhibition of conditioned disgust reactions in rats.
PubMed:Learned avoidance of flavors signaling reduction in a nutrient.
PubMed:Ondansetron blocks LiCl-induced conditioned place avoidance but not conditioned taste/flavor avoidance in rats.
PubMed:Sensory-specific associations in flavor-preference reversal learning.
PubMed:Factors determining the effects of associative activation on habituation.
PubMed:Lipopolysaccharide dose dependently impairs rapid toxin (LiCl)-induced gustatory conditioning: a taste reactivity examination of the conditioned taste aversion.
PubMed:Food color, flavor, and conditioned avoidance among red-winged blackbirds.
PubMed:Experimental dissociation of neural circuits underlying conditioned avoidance and hypophagic responses to lithium chloride.
PubMed:Comparison of nutritive and nonnutritive stimuli in intestinal and oral conditioned taste aversion paradigms.
PubMed:Interactions between prenatal ethanol exposure and postnatal learning about ethanol in rat pups.
PubMed:Effect of conditioning method and testing method on strength of lithium-induced taste aversion learning.
PubMed:Unconditioned stimulus devaluation effects in nutrient-conditioned flavor preferences.
PubMed:Episodic-like memory in the rat.
PubMed:The role of habituation of the response to LiCl in the US-preexposure effect.
PubMed:The contribution of latent inhibition to reduced generalization after pre-exposure to the test stimulus.
PubMed:Excitotoxic lesions of the entorhinal cortex leave gustatory within-event learning intact.
PubMed:Selective and nonselective serotonin antagonists block the aversive stimulus properties of MK212 and m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) in mice.
PubMed:Effect of low body temperature on associative interference in conditioned taste aversion.
PubMed:An extended comparator hypothesis account of superconditioning.
PubMed:Odor of taste stimuli in conditioned "taste" aversion learning.
PubMed:Flavor aversion learning induced by lithium chloride in reptiles but not in amphibians.
PubMed:Effects of context exposure during conditioning on conditioned taste aversions.
PubMed:The US-preexposure effect in lithium-induced flavor-aversion conditioning is a consequence of blocking by injection cues.
PubMed:Lateral parabrachial lesions impair lithium chloride-induced aversive responses but not saccharin-induced flavor preference.
PubMed:LiCl-induced flavor avoidance compared between rats and mice using a nondeprivation protocol.
PubMed:Simmondsin: effects on meal patterns and choice behavior in rats.
PubMed:Assessment of the aversive consequences of acute and chronic administration of the melanocortin agonist, MTII.
PubMed:Postinjection suppression of drinking is modified by the presence of conditioned contextual cues: implications for both anticipatory and posttreatment nausea in humans.
PubMed:Flavor avoidance induced by LiCl and dexfenfluramine in rats and mice using nondeprivation protocols.
PubMed:Low body temperature, time dilation, and long-trace conditioned flavor aversion in rats.
PubMed:Area postrema lesions impair flavor-toxin aversion learning but not flavor-nutrient preference learning.
PubMed:Cannabidiol, a non-psychoactive component of cannabis and its synthetic dimethylheptyl homolog suppress nausea in an experimental model with rats.
PubMed:Conditioning tastant and the acquisition of conditioned taste avoidance to drugs of abuse in DBA/2J mice.
PubMed:Impaired conditioned taste aversion learning in spinophilin knockout mice.
PubMed:Parabrachial nucleus lesions block taste and attenuate flavor preference and aversion conditioning in rats.
PubMed:Conditioned flavor preference and aversion: role of the lateral hypothalamus.
PubMed:Lithium-induced context aversion in rats as a model of anticipatory nausea in humans.
PubMed:Demonstration of a socially transmitted flavor aversion in rats? Kuan and Colwill (1997) revisited.
PubMed:Sex differences in conditioned taste aversion and in the effects of exposure to a specific pulsed magnetic field in deer mice Peromyscus maniculatus.
PubMed:Roles of novelty, generalization, and postingestive feedback in the recognition of foods by lambs.
PubMed:Lateral parabrachial nucleus lesions in the rat: aversive and appetitive gustatory conditioning.
PubMed:Orosensory factors in the ingestion of corn oil/sucrose mixtures by the rat.
PubMed:Low body temperature affects associative processes in long-trace conditioned flavor aversion.
PubMed:Illness-induced context aversion learning in rats with lesions of the dorsal hippocampus.
PubMed:Role of glutamate in the amygdala and lateral hypothalamus in conditioned taste aversion.
PubMed:Ibotenic acid lesions of the parabrachial nucleus and conditioned taste aversion: further evidence for an associative deficit in rats.
PubMed:The NMDA-receptor antagonist ketamine as an unconditioned stimulus in taste aversion learning.
PubMed:Taste aversion learning in fyn mutant mice.
PubMed:Carbohydrate-conditioned odor preferences in rats.
PubMed:The intensity of a fetal taste aversion is modulated by the anesthesia used during conditioning.
PubMed:Morphine-induced taste avoidance is attenuated with multiple conditioning trials.
PubMed:Rewarding drugs produce taste avoidance, but not taste aversion.
PubMed:Sucrose and fructose have qualitatively different flavors to rats.
PubMed:Antiemetic drugs attenuate food aversions in sheep.
PubMed:Reduced generalization following preexposure: latent inhibition of common elements or a difference in familiarity?
PubMed:How goats learn to distinguish between novel foods that differ in postingestive consequences.
PubMed:Mimetic behavior of rats in flavor aversion learning.
PubMed:The effect of flavor concentration and toxin dose on the formation and generalization of flavor aversions in lambs.
PubMed:Parabrachial nucleus lesions and conditioned taste aversion: evidence supporting an associative deficit.
PubMed:How herbivores track variable environments: Response to variability of phytotoxins.
PubMed:Morphine acts in the parabrachial nucleus, a pontine viscerosensory relay, to produce discriminative stimulus effects.
PubMed:Ambient temperature effects on taste aversion conditioned by ethanol: contribution of ethanol-induced hypothermia.
PubMed:Is starch flavor unitary? Evidence from studies of cooked starch.
PubMed:Effects of acute swim stress on LiCl-induced conditioned taste aversions.
PubMed:Both conditioned taste preference and aversion induced by corticotropin-releasing factor.
PubMed:Social feeding reverses learned flavor aversions in spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta).
PubMed:Memory for conditioned taste aversions is diminished by transcranial magnetic stimulation.
PubMed:Element preexposure, neophobia, and conditioned aversion to a compound flavor stimulus.
PubMed:Is blockade of conditioned flavor aversions by chlorpheniramine the result of state dependency?
PubMed:A flavor paired with lithium chloride blocks the formation of a pentobarbital-lithium chloride association.
PubMed:Conditional immunomodulation following training with cyclophosphamide.
PubMed:Conditioned taste aversion to injected flavor: differential effect of anesthesia on the formation of the gustatory trace and on its association with poisoning in rats.
PubMed:Effects of flavor salience on aversion performance following relatively long-delay backward conditioning procedures.
PubMed:Odor and taste aversions conditioned in anesthetized rats.
PubMed:Responsivity to pain in rats changed by the ingestion of flavored water.
PubMed:Role of temporal order and odor intensity in taste-potentiated odor aversions.
PubMed:Effects of learned flavor avoidance on grooming behavior in rats.
PubMed:Avfail in color avoidance learning by starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) and red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus).
PubMed:Effects of preexposure flavor concentration on conditioned aversion and neophobia.
PubMed:Sham feeding, flavor associations and diet self-selection as indicators of feeding satiety or aversive effects of peptide hormones.
PubMed:Formation of associations of colored and flavored food with induced sickness in five avian species.
PubMed:Spontaneous configuring in conditioned flavor aversion.
PubMed:Interfering with taste aversion learning in rats: the role of associative interference.
PubMed:The role of new flavors in the aquisition of odor aversion.
PubMed:Learned food aversions in the progression of cancer and its treatment.
PubMed:Potentiation and overshadowing in preweanling and adult rats.
PubMed:A specialization of taste aversion learning during suckling and its weaning-associated transformation.
PubMed:Ingestion of a novel flavor before exposure to pups injected with lithium chloride produces a taste aversion in mother rats (Rattus norvegicus).
PubMed:Disparity between formation of conditioned flavor aversions and neophobia during grooming in rats and mice.
PubMed:Stimulus generalization of conditioned taste aversion in rats.
PubMed:The effect of electroconvulsive shock on the attenuation of taste-aversion conditioning produced by flavor preexposure.
PubMed:Potentiation of a conditioned taste aversion in preweanling and adult rats.
PubMed:Developmental flavor experience affects utilization of odor, not taste in toxiphobic conditioning.
PubMed:Effect of pairings of pentobarbital with lithium chloride on the capacity of pentobarbital to maintain a conditioned aversion.
PubMed:The effect of CS-preexposure on conditioned taste aversion in young and adult rats.
PubMed:Flavor-illness aversions: potentiation of odor by taste is disrupted by application of novocaine into amygdala.
PubMed:Attenuation of pentobarbital-elicited hypothermia in rats with a history of pentobarbital-LiCl pairings.
PubMed:Pavlovian conditioning with ethanol and lithium: effects on heart rate and taste aversion in rats.
PubMed:Flavor-toxicosis associations: tests of three hypotheses of long delay learning.
PubMed:Long-delay associations between drug states produced in rats by injecting two drugs in sequence.
PubMed:Flavor-illness aversions: gustatory neocortex ablations disrupt taste but not taste-potentiated odor cues.
PubMed:Flavor-illness aversions: potentiation of odor by taste with toxin but not shock in rats.
PubMed:Pre-exposure to flavor and conditioned taste aversion: amphetamine and lithium reinforcers.
PubMed:Drug states as discriminative stimuli in a flavor-aversion learning experiment.
PubMed:Taste aversion following backward conditioning procedures in preweanling and adult rats.
PubMed:Rapid communication recuperation from lithium-induced illness: flavor enhancement for rats.
PubMed:Simultaneous and successive associations in sensory preconditioning.
PubMed:Potentiation rather than overshadowing in flavor-aversion learning: an analysis in terms of within-compound associations.
PubMed:Flavor preexposures in a conditioned taste aversion situation: a dissociation of behavioral and endocrine effects in rats.
PubMed:Effects of number of pre-exposures on sucrose taste aversion in weanling rats.
PubMed:Enhancing the expression of flavor neophobia: some effects of the ingestion-illness contingency.
PubMed:Taste aversions to food flavors and vaginal secretion in golden hamsters.
PubMed:Effect of preconditioning unconditioned stimulus experience on learned taste aversions.
 
Notes:
a salt of lithium that has been used experimentally as an immunomodulator.
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