EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes

ethephon
2-chloroethanephosphonic acid

Supplier Sponsors

Name:2-chloroethylphosphonic acid
CAS Number: 16672-87-0Picture of molecule3D/inchi
Other(deleted CASRN):55600-37-8
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:240-718-3
FDA UNII: XU5R5VQ87S
Nikkaji Web:J1.864C
Beilstein Number:1751208
MDL:MFCD00002142
XlogP3-AA:-1.00 (est)
Molecular Weight:144.49318200
Formula:C2 H6 Cl O3 P
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:herbicides / pesticides
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
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PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
 
Physical Properties:
Appearance:white waxy solid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 74.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 265.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Flash Point: 312.00 °F. TCC ( 155.40 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): -0.220
Soluble in:
 water, 1.00E+06 mg/L @ 23C (exp)
 water, 1.235e+005 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
None found
 
Suppliers:
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Ethephon > 95%
Odor: characteristic
Use: Ethephon is the most widely used plant growth regulator.
Sigma-Aldrich
For experimental / research use only.
Ethephon PESTANAL®, analytical standard
 
Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-guinea pig LD50 4200 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 48(8), Pg. 79, 1983.

unreported-mammal (species unspecified) LD50 4200 mg/kg
"Chemistry of Pesticides," Melnikov, N.N., New York, Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 1971Vol. -, Pg. 384, 1971.

intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 > 1500 mg/kg
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Vol. 39, Pg. 380, 1991.

oral-mouse LD50 2850 mg/kg
Pharmazie. Vol. 32, Pg. 181, 1977.

oral-quail LD50 1072 mg/kg
Pesticide Manual. Vol. 9, Pg. 341, 1991.

oral-rabbit LD50 5000 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 48(8), Pg. 79, 1983.

oral-rat LD50 3400 mg/kg
Zhurnal Eksperimental'noi i Klinicheskoi Meditsiny. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine. Vol. 20, Pg. 274, 1980.

Dermal Toxicity:
skin-rabbit LD50 5730 mg/kg
"Wirksubstanzen der Pflanzenschutz und Schadlingsbekampfungsmittel," Perkow, W., Berlin, Verlag Paul Parey, 1971-1976Vol. -, Pg. -, 1971/1976.

Inhalation Toxicity:
inhalation-rat LC50 90 mg/m3/4H
"Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986Vol. -, Pg. 1120, 1986.

 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
herbicides / pesticides
Recommendation for ethephon usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for ethephon flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Reasoned opinion on the modification of the existing MRLs for ethephon in table olive and table grape
View page or View pdf

Retrospective analysis of the immunotoxic effects of plant protection products as reported in the Draft Assessment Reports for their peer review at EU level
View page or View pdf

Modification of the existing maximum residue level for ethephon in kaki/Japanese persimmons
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
EPA-Iris:IRIS
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA GENetic TOXicology:Search
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :27982
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:2
2-chloroethylphosphonic acid
Chemidplus:0016672870
RTECS:SZ7100000 for cas# 16672-87-0
 
References:
 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid):27982
Pubchem (sid):135330062
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):C18399
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):Search
Export Tariff Code:2931.00.5030
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
Formulations/Preparations:
•aqueous solutions, liquid concentrate. •premix partners: amads, chlormequat chloride; cyclanilide; mepiquat chloride. •emulsifiable concentrate; suspension concentrate (flowable concentrate); soluble concentrate. •first pick cotton harvest aiddefoliant (nufarm americas inc): ethephon 18.3%; sulfuric acid, monourea adduct 58.6%. •ethephon e-ag 6 plant growth regulator (nufarm americas inc): ethephon 55.4%. •nufarm ethephon 2 plant growth regulator (nufarm americas inc): ethephon 21.7%. •super boll (nufarm americas inc): ethephon 55.4%. •ethrel brand ethephon plant growth regulator (bayer cropscience lp): ethephon 39.9%. •florel brand ethephon plant growth regulator (bayer cropscience lp): ethephon 3.9%. •ethrel brand ethephon plant regulator (bayer cropscience lp): ethephon 21.7%. •cerone brand ethephon plant regulator (bayer cropscience lp): ethephon 39.9%. •prep brand plant regulator for cotton (bayer cropscience lp): ethephon 39.9%. •prep brand ethephon for cotton and tobacco (bayer cropscience lp): ethephon 55.4%. •base 250 ethephon (bayer cropscience lp): ethephon 71.3%. •florel brand gr plant growth regulator (bayer cropscience lp): ethephon 3.9%. •finish brand harvest aid for cotton (bayer cropscience lp): ethephon 35.1%; cyclanilide 4.3%. •finish brand 6 harvest aid for cotton (bayer cropscience lp): ethephon 51.4%; cyclanilide 6.4%. •finish 6 pro harvest aid for cotton (bayer cropscience lp): ethephon 52.6%; cyclanilide 3.3%. •base 211 ethephon (bayer cropscience lp): ethephon 75%. •ethephon manufacturing concentrate (bayer cropscience lp): ethephon 77.5. •proxy growth regulator (bayer environmental science): ethephon 21.7%. •boll'd (winfield solutions, llc): ethephon 55.4%. •boll buster (loveland products, inc): ethephon 55.4%. •ethephon 2 (loveland products, inc): ethephon 18.3%. •nufarm ethephon mup (nufarm limited): ethephon 75%. •florel brand growth regulator (lawn and garden products, inc): ethephon 3.9%. •setup 6sl (makhteshim-agan of north america inc): ethephon 55.4%. •ethephon 2sl (makhteshim-agan of north america inc): ethephon 21.7%. •ethephon 6 (arysta lifescience north america, llc): ethephon 55.4%. •micro flo ethephon 65% mup (arysta lifescience north america, llc): ethephon 65%. •ethephon 2# (arysta lifescience north america, llc): ethephon 21.7%. •pluck cotton boll opener (arysta lifescience north america, llc): ethephon 55.4%. •ethephon 3.9% s&o (arysta lifescience north america, llc): ethephon 3.9%. •ethephon 3.9% h&g (arysta lifescience north america, llc): ethephon 3.9%. •ethephon 3# (arysta lifescience north america, llc): ethephon 27%. •ethephon technical (arysta lifescience north america, llc): ethephon 73.81%. •nufarm ethephon 65% mup (nufarm, inc): ethephon 65%. •cardinal (phoenix environmental care, llc): ethephon 21.7%. •ethephon ag 6 (direct ag source, llc): ethephon 55.4%. •ethephon 71.3% sl (celsius property b.v., amsterdam (nl)): ethephon 71.3%. •arc-ethephon 6 plant growth regulator (arcana, llc): ethephon 55.4%. •ethephon 78% mup (redeagle international, llc): ethephon 77.6%. •ethephon 6 (redeagle international, llc): ethephon 54%. •ethephon 2 (redeagle international, llc): ethephon 21.7%.
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
None Found
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 not found in nature
 
Synonyms:
 bromeflor
 camposan
 cerone
 chlorethephon
2-chloroethanephosphonic acid
2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid
(2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid
2-chloroethylphosphonic acid
 clorethephon
 ethefon
 etheverse
 ethrel C
 flordimex
 floridex
 kamposan
 phosphonic acid, (2-chloroethyl)-
 roll-fruct
 tomathrel
 

Articles:

PubMed:Functional characterization of the Ginkgo biloba chalcone synthase gene promoter in transgenic tobacco.
PubMed:Ethylene production is associated with alleviation of cadmium-induced oxidative stress by sulfur in mustard types differing in ethylene sensitivity.
PubMed:[Simultaneous determination of ethephon, thidiazuron, diuroN residues in cotton by using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].
PubMed:Evaluation of tannins interactions in grape (Vitis vinifera L.) skins.
PubMed:Rapid detection of pesticides not amenable to multi-residue methods by flow injection-tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Cytotoxic effects of etephon and maleic hydrazide in Vero, Hep2, HepG2 cells.
PubMed:Ethylene reverses photosynthetic inhibition by nickel and zinc in mustard through changes in PS II activity, photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency, and antioxidant metabolism.
PubMed:Altered sensitivity to ethylene in 'Tardivo', a late-ripening mutant of Clementine mandarin.
PubMed:Enhancement of anti-inflammatory activity of Aloe vera adventitious root extracts through the alteration of primary and secondary metabolites via salicylic acid elicitation.
PubMed:Induction of Salicylic Acid-Mediated Defense Response in Perennial Ryegrass Against Infection by Magnaporthe oryzae.
PubMed:Roles of ethylene and jasmonic acid in systemic induced defense in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) against Helicoverpa zea.
PubMed:ZmMKK1, a novel group A mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase gene in maize, conferred chilling stress tolerance and was involved in pathogen defense in transgenic tobacco.
PubMed:Capsicum annuum homeobox 1 (CaHB1) is a nuclear factor that has roles in plant development, salt tolerance, and pathogen defense.
PubMed:Ethylene-induced changes in lignification and cell wall-degrading enzymes in the roots of mungbean (Vigna radiata) sprouts.
PubMed:Ethylene promotes germination of Arabidopsis seed under salinity by decreasing reactive oxygen species: evidence for the involvement of nitric oxide simulated by sodium nitroprusside.
PubMed:A dissection of the effects of ethylene, H2O2 and high irradiance on antioxidants and several genes associated with stress and senescence in tobacco leaves.
PubMed:Expression of a GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase-like gene in a Chinese wild Vitis species induces responses to Erysiphe necator and defense signaling molecules.
PubMed:Involvement of ethylene biosynthesis and signalling in fruit set and early fruit development in zucchini squash (Cucurbita pepo L.).
PubMed:Overexpression of CaWRKY27, a subgroup IIe WRKY transcription factor of Capsicum annuum, positively regulates tobacco resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum infection.
PubMed:The Hv-SGT1 gene from Haynaldia villosa contributes to resistances towards both biotrophic and hemi-biotrophic pathogens in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
PubMed:Dissipation kinetics of forchlorfenuron, 6-benzyl aminopurine, gibberellic acid and ethephon residues in table grapes (Vitis vinifera).
PubMed:Characterization of the transient oxaphosphetane BChE inhibitor formed from spontaneously activated ethephon.
PubMed:NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium and reduced glutathione mitigate ethephon-mediated leaf senescence, H2O2 elevation and senescence-associated gene expression in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas).
PubMed:Diverse responses are involved in the defence of Arabidopsis thaliana against Turnip crinkle virus.
PubMed:Isolation and characterization of ethylene response factor family genes during development, ethylene regulation and stress treatments in papaya fruit.
PubMed:Transcription analyses of GmICHG, a gene coding for a β-glucosidase that catalyzes the specific hydrolysis of isoflavone conjugates in Glycine max (L.) Merr.
PubMed:The function of Rad6 gene in Hevea brasiliensis extends beyond DNA repair.
PubMed:AaERF1 positively regulates the resistance to Botrytis cinerea in Artemisia annua.
PubMed:Expression patterns of an isoflavone reductase-like gene and its possible roles in secondary metabolism in Ginkgo biloba.
PubMed:Modification of carotenoid levels by abscission agents and expression of carotenoid biosynthetic genes in 'valencia' sweet orange.
PubMed:LeMAPK4 participated in cold-induced ethylene production in tomato fruit.
PubMed:The effects of host defence elicitors on betacyanin accumulation in Amaranthus mangostanus seedlings.
PubMed:Rice Os9BGlu31 is a transglucosidase with the capacity to equilibrate phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, and phytohormone glycoconjugates.
PubMed:Newly observed spontaneous activation of ethephon as a butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor.
PubMed:Identification of the Hevea brasiliensis AP2/ERF superfamily by RNA sequencing.
PubMed:FaGAST2, a strawberry ripening-related gene, acts together with FaGAST1 to determine cell size of the fruit receptacle.
PubMed:Overexpression of a Chinese cabbage BrERF11 transcription factor enhances disease resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum in tobacco.
PubMed:Soybean endo-β-mannanase GmMAN1 is not associated with leaf abscission, but might be involved in the response to wounding.
PubMed:Innovative determination of polar organophosphonate pesticides based on high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Expression patterns of a cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene involved in lignin biosynthesis and environmental stress in Ginkgo biloba.
PubMed:Regulation of soybean seed germination through ethylene production in response to reactive oxygen species.
PubMed:Wheat hypersensitive-induced reaction genes TaHIR1 and TaHIR3 are involved in response to stripe rust fungus infection and abiotic stresses.
PubMed:Targeted systems biology profiling of tomato fruit reveals coordination of the Yang cycle and a distinct regulation of ethylene biosynthesis during postclimacteric ripening.
PubMed:Sweet potato calmodulin SPCAM is involved in salt stress-mediated leaf senescence, H₂O₂ elevation and senescence-associated gene expression.
PubMed:Emerging roots alter epidermal cell fate through mechanical and reactive oxygen species signaling.
PubMed:Characterization of photosynthetic performance during senescence in stay-green and quick-leaf-senescence Zea mays L. inbred lines.
PubMed:Molecular characterization of VvSDIR1 from Vitis vinifera and its functional analysis by heterologous expression in Nicotiana tabacum.
PubMed:Overexpression of a multiple stress-responsive gene, ZmMPK4, enhances tolerance to low temperature in transgenic tobacco.
PubMed:Ethylene involvement in silique and seed development of canola, Brassica napus L.
PubMed:Cloning and molecular characterization of a putative bZIP transcription factor VvbZIP23 from Vitis vinifera.
PubMed:A putative positive feedback regulation mechanism in CsACS2 expression suggests a modified model for sex determination in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).
PubMed:[Development and performance evaluation of a GC-FPD method for quantification of ethephon in feeds].
PubMed:Effects of H(2)O(2), paraquat, and ethephon on herbal drug quality of Schiandra chinensis based on reactive oxygen species system.
PubMed:Differential expression of peach ERF transcriptional activators in response to signaling molecules and inoculation with Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni.
PubMed:Cloning and characterization of a sweet potato calmodulin SPCAM that participates in ethephon-mediated leaf senescence, H2O2 elevation and senescence-associated gene expression.
PubMed:Suppression of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, which encodes a key enzyme in abscisic acid biosynthesis, alters fruit texture in transgenic tomato.
PubMed:Molecular characterization of peach PR genes and their induction kinetics in response to bacterial infection and signaling molecules.
PubMed:Multi-residue determination of plant growth regulators in apples and tomatoes by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Role of ethylene in alleviation of cadmium-induced photosynthetic capacity inhibition by sulphur in mustard.
PubMed:Molecular characterization of a novel 14-3-3 protein gene (Hb14-3-3c) from Hevea brasiliensis.
PubMed:Expression of a cloned sweet potato catalase SPCAT1 alleviates ethephon-mediated leaf senescence and H₂O₂ elevation.
PubMed:Characterization of HbEREBP1, a wound-responsive transcription factor gene in laticifers of Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.
PubMed:The jasmonate pathway is a key player in systemically induced defense against root knot nematodes in rice.
PubMed:Exogenously-sourced ethylene increases stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, and growth under optimal and deficient nitrogen fertilization in mustard.
PubMed:Cloning and molecular characterization of an ethylene receptor gene, MiERS1, expressed during mango fruitlet abscission and fruit ripening.
PubMed:Isolation, characterization, and function analysis of a flavonol synthase gene from Ginkgo biloba.
PubMed:Three Brassica rapa metallothionein genes are differentially regulated under various stress conditions.
PubMed:Systemic induction of a Capsicum chinense nitrate reductase by the infection with Phytophthora capsici and defence phytohormones.
PubMed:Molecular characterization and expression analysis of cDNAs encoding four Rab and two Arf GTPases in the latex of Hevea brasiliensis.
PubMed:Evaluation of acute toxicity and teratogenic effects of plant growth regulators by Daphnia magna embryo assay.
PubMed:Expression of ACO1, ERS1 and ERF1 genes in harvested bananas in relation to heat-induced defense against Colletotrichum musae.
PubMed:MYC genes with differential responses to tapping, mechanical wounding, ethrel and methyl jasmonate in laticifers of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.).
PubMed:Pectin-derived oligosaccharides increase color and anthocyanin content in Flame Seedless grapes.
PubMed:Regulation of expression of starch synthesis genes by ethylene and ABA in relation to the development of rice inferior and superior spikelets.
PubMed:Roles of carbohydrate supply and ethylene, polyamines in maize kernel set.
PubMed:[The effect of physiologically active compounds on the production of ethylene and the activity of polygalacturonase inhibiting protein in fruits].
PubMed:Molecular cloning and characterization of a membrane associated NAC family gene, SiNAC from foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv].
PubMed:Two GCC boxes and AP2/ERF-domain transcription factor ORA59 in jasmonate/ethylene-mediated activation of the PDF1.2 promoter in Arabidopsis.
PubMed:Investigation of in vitro effects of ethephon and chlorpyrifos, either alone or in combination, on rat intestinal muscle contraction.
PubMed:Ethylene mediates UV-B-induced stomatal closure via peroxidase-dependent hydrogen peroxide synthesis in Vicia faba L.
PubMed:Effects of pulsed electric field on secondary metabolism of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Gamay Fréaux suspension culture and exudates.
PubMed:Cyanide, a coproduct of plant hormone ethylene biosynthesis, contributes to the resistance of rice to blast fungus.
PubMed:Molecular characterization of HbCDPK1, an ethephon-induced calcium-dependent protein kinase gene of Hevea brasiliensis.
PubMed:Gene regulation patterns in triterpene biosynthetic pathway driven by overexpression of squalene synthase and methyl jasmonate elicitation in Bupleurum falcatum.
PubMed:Aerenchyma formation in the rice stem and its promotion by H2O2.
PubMed:Ethylene stimulation of latex yield depends on the expression of a sucrose transporter (HbSUT1B) in rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis).
PubMed:Functional characterization of three ethylene response factor genes from Bupleurum kaoi indicates that BkERFs mediate resistance to Botrytis cinerea.
PubMed:A subtilisin-like protein from soybean contains an embedded, cryptic signal that activates defense-related genes.
PubMed:Gene expression pattern in response to wounding, methyl jasmonate and ethylene in the bark of Hevea brasiliensis.
PubMed:Ethylene is involved in stress responses induced by fusicoccin in sycamore cultured cells.
PubMed:Alleviation of salt stress-induced inhibition of seed germination in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) by ethylene and glutamate.
PubMed:Studies on optimization of ripening techniques for banana.
PubMed:The sucrose transporter HbSUT3 plays an active role in sucrose loading to laticifer and rubber productivity in exploited trees of Hevea brasiliensis (para rubber tree).
PubMed:HbMT2, an ethephon-induced metallothionein gene from Hevea brasiliensis responds to H(2)O(2) stress.
PubMed:Characterization of the expression profile of a wheat aci-reductone-dioxygenase-like gene in response to stripe rust pathogen infection and abiotic stresses.
PubMed:Effect of ethylene and 1-MCP treatments on strawberry fruit ripening.
PubMed:Abscisic acid-induced resistance against the brown spot pathogen Cochliobolus miyabeanus in rice involves MAP kinase-mediated repression of ethylene signaling.
PubMed:Expression of sweet potato cysteine protease SPCP2 altered developmental characteristics and stress responses in transgenic Arabidopsis plants.
PubMed:Ethylene preparation and its application to physiological experiments.
PubMed:Inhibitory effect of jasmonic acid and ethylene on epicotyl growth and bud induction in the maritime pine, Pinus pinaster Soland. in ait.
PubMed:Genes involved in ethylene and gibberellins metabolism are required for endosperm-limited germination of Sisymbrium officinale L. seeds: germination in Sisymbrium officinale L. seeds.
PubMed:Ethylene stimulation of latex production in Hevea brasiliensis.
PubMed:Gummosis in grape hyacinth (Muscari armeniacum) bulbs: hormonal regulation and chemical composition of gums.
PubMed:Preparation of ethylene gas and comparison of ethylene responses induced by ethylene, ACC, and ethephon.
PubMed:Dormancy and germination responses of halophyte seeds to the application of ethylene.
PubMed:PA, a stress-induced short cut to switch-on ethylene signalling by switching-off CTR1?
PubMed:The salicylic acid-induced protection of non-climacteric unripe pepper fruit against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is similar to the resistance of ripe fruit.
PubMed:Cloning and characterization of a novel NAC family gene CarNAC1 from chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.).
PubMed:A NAC transcription factor gene of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum), CarNAC3, is involved in drought stress response and various developmental processes.
PubMed:Molecular characterization of an ethephon-induced Hsp70 involved in high and low-temperature responses in Hevea brasiliensis.
PubMed:Expression of an endo-(1,3;1,4)-beta-glucanase in response to wounding, methyl jasmonate, abscisic acid and ethephon in rice seedlings.
PubMed:Pathogen-inducible CaUGT1 is involved in resistance response against TMV infection by controlling salicylic acid accumulation.
PubMed:[NO may function in the downstream of Ca2+ in ethylene induced stomatal closure in Vicia faba L].
PubMed:Cloning and molecular characterization of HbCOI1 from Hevea brasiliensis.
PubMed:[The effect of ethylene biosynthesis regulators on metabolic processes in the banana fruits in various physiological states].
PubMed:Epidermal cell death in rice is confined to cells with a distinct molecular identity and is mediated by ethylene and H2O2 through an autoamplified signal pathway.
PubMed:Modulation of low-temperature-induced biochemical changes in bud and root band zones of sugar cane sets by potassium, zinc, and Ethrel for improving sprouting.
PubMed:The Effects of Combination of Gibberellic Acid - 3 (GA3) and Ethephon (2-Chloroethyl Phosphonic Acid) (Plant Growth Regulators) on Some Physiological Parameters in Mice.
PubMed:Involvement of the ethylene response pathway in dormancy induction in chrysanthemum.
PubMed:Mediation of partial resistance to rice blast through anaerobic induction of ethylene.
PubMed:Phytotoxic effects of leukamenin E (an ent-kaurene diterpenoid) on root growth and root hair development in Lactuca sativa L. seedlings.
PubMed:CsPLDalpha1 and CsPLDgamma1 are differentially induced during leaf and fruit abscission and diurnally regulated in Citrus sinensis.
PubMed:Ectopic expression of an annexin from Brassica juncea confers tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress treatments in transgenic tobacco.
PubMed:The application of ethephon (an ethylene releaser) increases growth, photosynthesis and nitrogen accumulation in mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under high nitrogen levels.
PubMed:Ethephon elicits protection against Erysiphe necator in grapevine.
PubMed:Involvement of hydrogen peroxide in leaf abscission signaling, revealed by analysis with an in vitro abscission system in Capsicum plants.
PubMed:Chemical control of plant habitus in summer-to-autumn flowering chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora).
PubMed:Characterization of cold-responsive extracellular chitinase in bromegrass cell cultures and its relationship to antifreeze activity.
PubMed:Elevated H(2)O (2) production via overexpression of a chloroplastic Cu/ZnSOD gene of lily (Lilium oriental hybrid 'Marco Polo') triggers ethylene synthesis in transgenic potato.
PubMed:Identification of an OsPR10a promoter region responsive to salicylic acid.
PubMed:Sucrose transporter StSUT4 from potato affects flowering, tuberization, and shade avoidance response.
PubMed:Novel rice OsSIPK is a multiple stress responsive MAPK family member showing rhythmic expression at mRNA level.
PubMed:Characterization of a stress-responsive ankyrin repeat-containing zinc finger protein of Capsicum annuum (CaKR1).
PubMed:Molecular cloning and characterization of two cDNAs encoding 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase from Hevea brasiliensis.
PubMed:Herbivore-induced terpenoid emission in Medicago truncatula: concerted action of jasmonate, ethylene and calcium signaling.
PubMed:Isolation and characterization of two distinct classes of DXS genes in Hevea brasiliensis.
PubMed:Differential expression pattern of rubber elongation factor (REF) mRNA transcripts from high and low yielding clones of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.).
PubMed:Aluminum-induced ethylene production is associated with inhibition of root elongation in Lotus japonicus L.
PubMed:Ethylene involvement in the regulation of the H(+)-ATPase CsHA1 gene and of the new isolated ferric reductase CsFRO1 and iron transporter CsIRT1 genes in cucumber plants.
PubMed:Modified suppression subtractive hybridization identifies an AP2-containing protein involved in metal responses in Physcomitrella patens.
PubMed:Ethylene activates a plasma membrane Ca(2+)-permeable channel in tobacco suspension cells.
PubMed:Ion chromatography/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for simultaneous determination of glyphosate, glufosinate, fosamine and ethephon at nanogram levels in water.
PubMed:Specific pretreatments reduce curing period of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) beans.
PubMed:Carbohydrate reserves as a competing sink: evidence from tapping rubber trees.
PubMed:Indole-3-acetic acid and auxin herbicides up-regulate 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase gene expression and abscisic acid accumulation in cleavers (Galium aparine): interaction with ethylene.
PubMed:The effect of seed source, light during germination, and cold-moist stratification on seed germination in three species of Echinacea for organic production.
PubMed:Ethephon Promotes Germination of Echinacea angustifolia and E. pallida in Darkness.
PubMed:CaWRKY2, a chili pepper transcription factor, is rapidly induced by incompatible plant pathogens.
PubMed:The barley ERF-type transcription factor HvRAF confers enhanced pathogen resistance and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis.
PubMed:Regulatory mechanisms of ethylene biosynthesis in response to various stimuli during maturation and ripening in fig fruit (Ficus carica L.).
PubMed:Enhanced ginsenoside productivity by combination of ethephon and methyl jasmoante in ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) adventitious root cultures.
PubMed:Expression of ipt gene controlled by an ethylene and auxin responsive fragment of the LEACO1 promoter increases flower number in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum.
PubMed:Regulatory role of cystathionine-gamma-synthase and de novo synthesis of methionine in ethylene production during tomato fruit ripening.
PubMed:Molecular cloning and characterization of a granulin-containing cysteine protease SPCP3 from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) senescent leaves.
PubMed:The rice 14-3-3 gene family and its involvement in responses to biotic and abiotic stress.
PubMed:Molecular cloning and characterization of a rice blast-inducible RING-H2 type zinc finger gene.
PubMed:The two main endoproteases present in dark-induced senescent wheat leaves are distinct subtilisin-like proteases.
PubMed:Salicylic acid, ethephon, and methyl jasmonate enhance ester regeneration in 1-MCP-treated apple fruit after long-term cold storage.
PubMed:Upregulation of jasmonate-inducible defense proteins and differential colonization of roots of Oryza sativa cultivars with the endophyte Azoarcus sp.
PubMed:In vivo binding of hot pepper bZIP transcription factor CabZIP1 to the G-box region of pathogenesis-related protein 1 promoter.
PubMed:A role for ethylene in low-oxygen signaling in rice roots.
PubMed:A screening test for the determination of ethylene sensitivity.
PubMed:Correlation of epiphyllous bud differentiation with foliar senescence in crassulacean succulent Kalanchoe pinnata as revealed by thidiazuron and ethrel application.
PubMed:Determination of ethephon residues in water by gas chromatography with cubic mass spectrometry after ion-exchange purification and derivatisation with N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide.
PubMed:Mitosis-specific promoter of the alfalfa cyclin-dependent kinase gene (Medsa;CDKB2;1) is activated by wounding and ethylene in a non-cell division-dependent manner.
PubMed:Cloning, characterization and expression of a Lateral suppressor-like gene from chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum Kitamura).
PubMed:An ion-pairing liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric method for the determination of ethephon residues in vegetables.
PubMed:A hot pepper gene encoding WRKY transcription factor is induced during hypersensitive response to Tobacco mosaic virus and Xanthomonas campestris.
PubMed:Activation of defense responses in Chinese cabbage by a nonhost pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato.
PubMed:Post-anthesis development of inferior and superior spikelets in rice in relation to abscisic acid and ethylene.
PubMed:Death of mitochondria during programmed cell death of leaf mesophyll cells.
PubMed:Characterization of lucidin formation in Rubia tinctorum L.
PubMed:BnNHL18A shows a localization change by stress-inducing chemical treatments.
PubMed:Characterization of genes for novel thaumatin-like proteins in Cryptomeria japonica.
PubMed:Nod factors induce nod factor cleaving enzymes in pea roots. Genetic and pharmacological approaches indicate different activation mechanisms.
PubMed:Epidermal cell death in rice is regulated by ethylene, gibberellin, and abscisic acid.
PubMed:Secretome analysis reveals an Arabidopsis lipase involved in defense against Alternaria brassicicola.
PubMed:Expression of a novel NAC domain-containing transcription factor (CaNAC1) is preferentially associated with incompatible interactions between chili pepper and pathogens.
PubMed:A Colletotrichum gloeosporioides-induced esterase gene of nonclimacteric pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruit during ripening plays a role in resistance against fungal infection.
PubMed:Characterization of a rice class II metallothionein gene: tissue expression patterns and induction in response to abiotic factors.
PubMed:Identification of cis-elements for ethylene and circadian regulation of the Solanum melongena gene encoding cysteine proteinase.
PubMed:Molecular analysis of the interaction between Olea europaea and the biotrophic fungus Spilocaea oleagina.
PubMed:Identification of a CaRAV1 possessing an AP2/ERF and B3 DNA-binding domain from pepper leaves infected with Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines 8ra by differential display.
PubMed:Jasmonates are essential factors inducing gummosis in tulips: mode of action of jasmonates focusing on sugar metabolism.
PubMed:G-protein-coupled alpha2A-adrenoreceptor agonists differentially alter citrus leaf and fruit abscission by affecting expression of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase.
PubMed:A plant EPF-type zinc-finger protein, CaPIF1, involved in defence against pathogens.
PubMed:Dead flower buds of pear: effect of tree growth control, and Alternaria alternata as causal agent.
PubMed:Elicitation of diosgenin production in Dioscorea floribunda by ethylene-generating agent.
PubMed:Overexpression of a pepper basic pathogenesis-related protein 1 gene in tobacco plants enhances resistance to heavy metal and pathogen stresses.
PubMed:Ethylene and flower longevity in Alstroemeria: relationship between tepal senescence, abscission and ethylene biosynthesis.
PubMed:Differential response of four cyanobacterial and green algal species to triazophos, fentin acetate, and ethephon.
PubMed:Identification of jasmonic acid and its methyl ester as gum-inducing factors in tulips.
PubMed:An evaluation of the effects of exogenous ethephon, an ethylene releasing compound, on photosynthesis of mustard (Brassica juncea) cultivars that differ in photosynthetic capacity.
PubMed:Stress-responsive alpha-dioxygenase expression in tomato roots.
PubMed:Overexpression of the AP2/EREBP transcription factor OPBP1 enhances disease resistance and salt tolerance in tobacco.
PubMed:Molecular characterization of a thiJ-like gene in Chinese cabbage.
PubMed:Molecular and biochemical characterization of the Capsicum annuum calcium-dependent protein kinase 3 (CaCDPK3) gene induced by abiotic and biotic stresses.
PubMed:The pepper transcription factor CaPF1 confers pathogen and freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis.
PubMed:Increases in jasmonic acid caused by indole-3-acetic acid and auxin herbicides in cleavers (Galium aparine).
PubMed:Chitinase induced by jasmonic acid, methyl jasmonate, ethylene and protein phosphatase inhibitors in rice.
PubMed:[Effects of treatment with a composite preparation (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid and methacide) or butylated hydroxyanisole on ethylene release in apples].
PubMed:Escape of a plant virus from amplicon-mediated RNA silencing is associated with biotic or abiotic stress.
PubMed:A beta-galactosidase gene is expressed during mature fruit abscission of 'Valencia' orange (Citrus sinensis).
PubMed:Molecular characterization of pepper germin-like protein as the novel PR-16 family of pathogenesis-related proteins isolated during the resistance response to viral and bacterial infection.
PubMed:Effect of auxin transport inhibitors and ethylene on the wood anatomy of poplar.
PubMed:Cloning of a putative monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase gene from rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants and its expression in response to submergence and other stresses.
PubMed:Manipulation of root hair development and sorgoleone production in sorghum seedlings.
PubMed:Evidence of a cross-talk regulation of a GA 20-oxidase (FsGA20ox1) by gibberellins and ethylene during the breaking of dormancy in Fagus sylvatica seeds.
PubMed:Molecular cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding asparaginyl endopeptidase from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) senescent leaves.
PubMed:Differential expression of an S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase gene involved in polyamine biosynthesis under low temperature stress in japonica and indica rice genotypes.
PubMed:Importance of ascorbate peroxidases OsAPX1 and OsAPX2 in the rice pathogen response pathways and growth and reproduction revealed by their transcriptional profiling.
PubMed:Expression profiles of Arabidopsis phospholipase A IIA gene in response to biotic and abiotic stresses.
PubMed:Characterization of a salicylic acid- and pathogen-induced lipase-like gene in Chinese cabbage.
PubMed:Induction of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene expression by paraquat and stress-related hormones in Rehmannia glutinosa.
PubMed:Energy conservation and dissipation in mitochondria isolated from developing tomato fruit of ethylene-defective mutants failing normal ripening: the effect of ethephon, a chemical precursor of ethylene.
PubMed:Molecular cloning of two metallothionein-like protein genes with differential expression patterns from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves.
PubMed:Effect of ethylene producer ethrel and antioxidant ionol (BHT) on the proteolytic apparatus in coleoptiles of wheat seedlings during apoptosis.
PubMed:[Effect of ambiol and 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid on the content of phytohormones in potato leaves and tubers].
PubMed:A proteomics approach to investigating promotive effects of brassinolide on lamina inclination and root growth in rice seedlings.
PubMed:Ethylene as a possible cue for seed germination of Schoenoplectus hallii (Cyperaceae), a rare summer annual of occasionally flooded sites.
PubMed:Isolation and characterization of a cDNA encoding a lipid transfer protein expressed in 'Valencia' orange during abscission.
PubMed:Molecular cloning and mRNA expression analysis of a novel rice (Oryzasativa L.) MAPK kinase kinase, OsEDR1, an ortholog of Arabidopsis AtEDR1, reveal its role in defense/stress signalling pathways and development.
PubMed:Isolation and functional characterization of a stolon specific promoter from potato (Solanum tuberosum L.).
PubMed:[Rapid determination of ethephon residues in concentrated pineapple juice by head-space gas chromatography].
PubMed:Specificity of ethephon as a butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor and phosphorylating agent.
PubMed:New method for ethephon ((2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid) residue analysis, and detection of residual levels in the fruit and vegetables of Western Japan.
PubMed:The abundant class III chitinase homolog in young developing banana fruits behaves as a transient vegetative storage protein and most probably serves as an important supply of amino acids for the synthesis of ripening-associated proteins.
PubMed:Isolation of an ethylene-responsive gene (ERAF16) for a putative methyltransferase and correlation of ERAF16 gene expression with female flower formation in cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus).
PubMed:A hot pepper cDNA encoding ascorbate peroxidase is induced during the incompatible interaction with virus and bacteria.
PubMed:The novel rice (Oryza sativa L.) gene OsSbf1 encodes a putative member of the Na+/bile acid symporter family.
PubMed:Ethylene perception generates gravicompetence in gravi-incompetent leaves of rye seedlings.
PubMed:The gravitropic setpoint angle of dark-grown rye seedlings and the role of ethylene.
PubMed:Effect of salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, ethephon and cantharidin on anthraquinone production by Rubia cordifolia callus cultures transformed with the rolB and rolC genes.
PubMed:Herbivore-induced volatiles induce the emission of ethylene in neighboring lima bean plants.
PubMed:Identification and characterization of a soybean ethylene-responsive element-binding protein gene whose mRNA expression changes during soybean cyst nematode infection.
PubMed:A thaumatin-like gene in nonclimacteric pepper fruits used as molecular marker in probing disease resistance, ripening, and sugar accumulation.
PubMed:Biochemical, molecular and structural analysis of multiple thaumatin-like proteins from the elderberry tree (Sambucus nigra L.).
PubMed:A leaf-specific 27 kDa protein of potato Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitor is induced in response to abscisic acid, ethylene, methyl jasmonate, and water deficit.
PubMed:Expression of the ACC synthase and ACC oxidase coding genes after self-pollination and incongruous pollination of tobacco pistils.
PubMed:Novel irreversible butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors: 2-chloro-1-(substituted-phenyl)ethylphosphonic acids.
PubMed:Effects of currently used pesticides in assays for estrogenicity, androgenicity, and aromatase activity in vitro.
PubMed:Effects of signaling molecules, protein phosphatase inhibitors and blast pathogen (Magnaporthe grisea) on the mRNA level of a rice (Oryza sativa L.) phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (OsPHGPX) gene in seedling leaves.
PubMed:Induction of pepper cDNA encoding a lipid transfer protein during the resistance response to tobacco mosaic virus.
PubMed:A pathogen-induced chitin-binding protein gene from pepper: its isolation and differential expression in pepper tissues treated with pathogens, ethephon, methyl jasmonate or wounding.
PubMed:Isolation of a MADS-box gene (ERAF17) and correlation of its expression with the induction of formation of female flowers by ethylene in cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.).
PubMed:Induction of a pepper cDNA encoding SAR8.2 protein during the resistance response to tobacco mosaic virus.
PubMed:The role of ethylene in the development of constant-light injury of potato and tomato.
PubMed:Identification of highly conserved genes: SNZ and SNO in the marine sponge Suberites domuncula: their gene structure and promoter activity in mammalian cells(1).
PubMed:Ethylene induces antifreeze activity in winter rye leaves.
PubMed:Novel synthesis of [33P]-(2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid.
PubMed:The M locus and ethylene-controlled sex determination in andromonoecious cucumber plants.
PubMed:Characterization and expression of beta-1,3-glucanase genes in peach.
PubMed:Modulation of intracellular calcium and proliferative activity of invertebrate and vertebrate cells by ethylene.
PubMed:Study of the addition of monoalkylphosphonic acids onto trialkyl-substituted epoxides.
PubMed:Overexpression of the tobacco Tsi1 gene encoding an EREBP/AP2-type transcription factor enhances resistance against pathogen attack and osmotic stress in tobacco.
PubMed:Molecular interactions between the specialist herbivore Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) and its natural host Nicotiana attenuata. IV. Insect-Induced ethylene reduces jasmonate-induced nicotine accumulation by regulating putrescine N-methyltransferase transcripts.
PubMed:Herbivore-induced ethylene burst reduces fitness costs of jasmonate- and oral secretion-induced defenses in Nicotiana attenuata.
PubMed:A hot pepper cDNA encoding a pathogenesis-related protein 4 is induced during the resistance response to tobacco mosaic virus.
PubMed:Characterization of a rice (Oryza sativa L.) Bowman-Birk proteinase inhibitor: tightly light regulated induction in response to cut, jasmonic acid, ethylene and protein phosphatase 2A inhibitors.
PubMed:Auxin-induced ethylene triggers abscisic acid biosynthesis and growth inhibition.
PubMed:Induced plant defense responses against chewing insects. Ethylene signaling reduces resistance of Arabidopsis against Egyptian cotton worm but not diamondback moth.
PubMed:Pepper gene encoding a basic beta-1,3-glucanase is differentially expressed in pepper tissues upon pathogen infection and ethephon or methyl jasmonate treatment.
PubMed:Pepper gene encoding a basic class II chitinase is inducible by pathogen and ethephon.
PubMed:Isolation and characterization of a dehydrin gene from white spruce induced upon wounding, drought and cold stresses.
PubMed:A novel rice (Oryza sativa L.) acidic PR1 gene highly responsive to cut, phytohormones, and protein phosphatase inhibitors.
PubMed:Phosphobutyrylcholinesterase: phosphorylation of the esteratic site of butyrylcholinesterase by ethephon [(2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid] dianion.
PubMed:Differential expression of four sweet potato peroxidase genes in response to abscisic acid and ethephon.
PubMed:Secreted proteins of tobacco cultured BY2 cells: identification of a new member of pathogenesis-related proteins.
PubMed:Wound-induced expression of a tobacco peroxidase is not enhanced by ethephon and suppressed by methyl jasmonate and coronatine.
PubMed:[The effect of the substance exin on development of microbial infections and isolation of ethylene in plants].
PubMed:Xylem-specific expression of wound-inducible rice peroxidase genes in transgenic plants.
PubMed:Diverse expression profiles of 21 rice peroxidase genes.
PubMed:Molecular cloning of a soybean class III beta-1,3-glucanase gene that is regulated both developmentally and in response to pathogen infection.
PubMed:Routes of Ethephon Uptake in Pineapple (Ananas comosus) and Reasons for Failure of Flower Induction.
PubMed:Herbivore-induced ethylene suppresses a direct defense but not a putative indirect defense against an adapted herbivore.
PubMed:An HR-induced tobacco peroxidase gene is responsive to spermine, but not to salicylate, methyl jasmonate, and ethephon.
PubMed:Isolation, partial sequencing, and expression of pathogenesis-related cDNA genes from pepper leaves infected by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria.
PubMed:Molecular characterization and expression of a cDNA encoding copper/zinc superoxide dismutase from cultured cells of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz).
PubMed:Expression of ACC oxidase genes differs among sex genotypes and sex phases in cucumber.
PubMed:Soil compaction. A role for ethylene in regulating leaf expansion and shoot growth in tomato?
PubMed:Increased allergen production in turnip (Brassica rapa) by treatments activating defense mechanisms.
PubMed:Induction of ascorbate peroxidase by ethylene and hydrogen peroxide during growth of cultured soybean cells.
PubMed:Forensic analysis of acute fatal poisonings in the southern districts of Trinidad.
PubMed:Organophosphorus pesticide-induced butyrylcholinesterase inhibition and potentiation of succinylcholine toxicity in mice.
PubMed:Molecular cloning and characterization of a new basic peroxidase cDNA from soybean hypocotyls infected with Phytophthora sojae f.sp. glycines.
PubMed:The heat-shock element is a functional component of the Arabidopsis APX1 gene promoter.
PubMed:A tobacco gene encoding a novel basic class II chitinase: a putative ancestor of basic class I and acidic class II chitinase genes.
PubMed:Allene oxide synthase: a major control point in Arabidopsis thaliana octadecanoid signalling.
PubMed:Induction of Ca2+-calmodulin signaling by hard-surface contact primes Colletotrichum gloeosporioides conidia to germinate and form appressoria.
PubMed:Expression of multiple AGAMOUS-like genes in male and female flowers of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).
PubMed:Differential and wound-inducible expression of 1-aminocylopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase genes in sunflower seedlings.
PubMed:The role of endogenous ethylene in the expansion of Helianthus annuus leaves.
PubMed:ESTs reveal a multigene family for plant defensins in Arabidopsis thaliana.
PubMed:A comparison of the structure and function of the highly homologous maize antioxidant Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase genes, Sod4 and Sod4A.
PubMed:Characterization and expression of chitinase and 1,3-beta-glucanase genes in cotton.
PubMed:Characterization of defense-related genes ectopically expressed in viroid-infected tomato plants.
PubMed:An endochitinase gene expressed at high levels in the stylar transmitting tissue of tomatoes.
PubMed:A senescence-associated gene of Arabidopsis thaliana is distinctively regulated during natural and artificially induced leaf senescence.
PubMed:[An experimental study determining MAC in the workplace air for alkylophosphonic acids: pesticides camposan and zyod].
PubMed:Gibberellins regulate the abundance of RNAs with sequence similarity to proteinase inhibitors, dioxygenases and dehydrogenases.
PubMed:The Role of Ethylene in Interorgan Signaling during Flower Senescence.
PubMed:Nod factors produced by Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae induce ethylene-related changes in root cortical cells of Vicia sativa ssp. nigra.
PubMed:Characterisation of HEVER, a novel stress-induced gene from Hevea brasiliensis.
PubMed:Characterization of a class I chitinase gene and of wound-inducible, root and flower-specific chitinase expression in Brassica napus.
PubMed:Effect of ethylene on naringin, narirutin and nootkatone accumulation in grapefruit.
PubMed:Induction of tomato stress protein mRNAs by ethephon, 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid and salicylate.
PubMed:Structure and induction pattern of a novel proteinase inhibitor class II gene of tobacco.
PubMed:Bean cyclophilin gene expression during plant development and stress conditions.
PubMed:Acquired Resistance Signal Transduction in Arabidopsis Is Ethylene Independent.
PubMed:Ethylene regulates the expression of a cysteine proteinase gene during germination of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.).
PubMed:Molecular cloning and characterization of two complementary DNAs encoding putative peroxidases from rice (Oryza sativa L.) shoots.
PubMed:A gene encoding a novel isoform of the PR-1 protein family from tomato is induced upon viroid infection.
PubMed:Genes encoding acidic and basic class III beta-1,3-glucanases are expressed in tomato plants upon viroid infection.
PubMed:Developmental and pathogen-induced expression of three barley genes encoding lipid transfer proteins.
PubMed:Molecular cloning, characterization and expression of Mn-superoxide dismutase from the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis).
PubMed:[Hygienic rationale for maximum permissible concentration of hexamethylenetetramine salt of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid].
PubMed:cDNA cloning and gene expression analysis of the microbial proteinase inhibitor of tobacco.
PubMed:Correlation between Ornithine Decarboxylase and Putrescine in Tomato Plants Infected by Citrus Exocortis Viroid or Treated with Ethephon.
PubMed:Tobacco proteinase inhibitor I genes are locally, but not systemically induced by stress.
PubMed:Circadian expression and induction by wounding of tobacco genes for cysteine proteinase.
PubMed:Molecular cloning and characterization of a gene encoding pea cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase.
PubMed:Pathogenesis-related proteins and polyamines in a developmental mutant of tomato, epinastic.
PubMed:Modification by ethylene of the cell growth pattern in different tissues of etiolated lupine hypocotyls.
PubMed:Characterization of a shoot-specific, GA3- and ABA-regulated gene from tomato.
PubMed:Expression of PVX coat protein gene under the control of extensin-gene promoter confers virus resistance on transgenic potato plants.
PubMed:Differential induction of acquired resistance and PR gene expression in tobacco by virus infection, ethephon treatment, UV light and wounding.
PubMed:The tomato Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase genes are developmentally regulated and respond to light and stress.
PubMed:Polyamines in plants infected by citrus exocortis viroid or treated with silver ions and ethephon.
PubMed:Stimulation of shoot regeneration from cotyledons of Helianthus annuus by the ethylene inhibitors, silver and cobalt.
PubMed:[Effect of the time of ethrel use on the sugar levels in onions].
PubMed:Isolation and sequencing of cDNA clones encoding ethylene-induced putative peroxidases from cucumber cotyledons.
PubMed:Interorgan translocation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid and ethylene coordinates senescence in emasculated cymbidium flowers.
PubMed:Specific inhibition of antenna bacteriochlorophyll synthesis in Chlorobium vibrioforme by anesthetic gases.
PubMed:Effect of Ethephon on Protein Degradation and the Accumulation of ;Pathogenesis-Related' (PR) Proteins in Tomato Leaf Discs.
PubMed:Effect of ethylene on sanguinarine production from Papaver somniferum cell cultures.
PubMed:Kinetin Enhanced 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Utilization during Alleviation of High Temperatures Stress in Lettuce Seeds.
PubMed:Whole Plant and Leaf Steady State Gas Exchange during Ethylene Exposure in Xanthium strumarium L.
PubMed:Intracellular hydrolases of Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus flavus.
PubMed:Stimulation ofDaucus carota somatic embryogenesis by inhibitors of ethylene synthesis: cobalt and nickel.
PubMed:The ethylene-inhibitor aminoethoxyvinylglycine restores normal nodulation by Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar. viciae on Vicia sativa subsp. nigra by suppressing the 'Thick and short roots' phenotype.
PubMed:Ethylene-associated phase change from juvenile to mature phenotype of daylily (Hemerocallis) in vitro.
PubMed:[Comparative observations of the behavior of ethephon in fruit, coffee and paprika].
PubMed:[Residues of ethephon in onions during their storage after treatment of the plants with ethrel].
PubMed:Effects of shoot inversion on stem structure in Pharbitis nil.
PubMed:Promotion of Stomatal Opening by Indoleacetic Acid and Ethrel in Epidermal Strips of Vicia faba L.
PubMed:Uptake and Fate of Ethephon ([2-Chloroethyl]phosphonic Acid) in Dormant Weed Seeds.
PubMed:Shoot inversion inhibition of stem elongation in Pharbitis nil: a possible role for ethylene-induced glycoprotein and lignin.
PubMed:Biogenesis of some antibiotics in the presence of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid.
PubMed:Effects of ethephon on aging and photosynthetic activity in isolated chloroplasts.
PubMed:The control of apical dominance: localization of the growth region of the Pharbitis nil shoot.
PubMed:Gravitropism in higher plant shoots. IV. Further studies on participation of ethylene.
PubMed:Thigmomorphogenesis: the role of ethylene in the response of Pinus taeda and Abies fraseri to mechanical perturbation.
PubMed:Effects of Ethephon, 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid, and Inhibitors of Ethylene Synthesis on the Gravitropically Induced Movement of Mimosa pudica Pulvinus.
PubMed:Shoot inversion-induced ethylene in Pharbitis nil induces the release of apical dominance by restricting shoot elongation.
PubMed:Possible implications of reciprocity between ethylene and aflatoxin biogenesis in Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus.
PubMed:[The effect of derivatives of 1-(p-nitrophenyl)-2-amino-1,3- propanediol and beta-chloroethylphosphonic acid on the growth of enterobacteria].
PubMed:Auxin-regulated gene expression in intact soybean hypocotyl and excised hypocotyl sections.
PubMed:[Effect of the 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid derivatives camposan, gidrel and digidrel on the adrenaline and noradrenaline content of the urine of experimental animals].
PubMed:Pithiness in plants: I. The effect of mechanical perturbation and the involvement of ethylene in petiole pithiness in celery.
PubMed:Thigmomorphogenesis: the relationship of mechanical perturbation to elicitor-like activity and ethylene production.
PubMed:Further studies of auxin and ACC induced feminization in the cucumber plant using ethylene inhibitors.
PubMed:Hypobaric Control of Ethylene-Induced Leaf Senescence in Intact Plants of Phaseolus vulgaris L.
PubMed:[Studies on ethephon residues in tomatoes after spraying the plants with ethrel].
PubMed:Ethephon-Induced Gummosis in Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) : II. Flow Characteristics of Gum Solutions.
PubMed:Ethephon-Induced Gummosis in Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) : I. Effect on Xylem Function and Shoot Water Status.
PubMed:Polyribosomes from Pear Fruit: II. CHANGES OCCURRING IN PULP TISSUES DURING RIPENING AND SENESCENCE.
PubMed:Auxin- and ethylene-induced changes in the population of translatable messenger RNA in Basal sections and intact soybean hypocotyl.
PubMed:Ethylene Evolution following Treatment with 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid and Ethephon in an in Vitro Olive Shoot System in Relation to Leaf Abscission.
PubMed:Effects of pH and Ethephon on Betacyanin Leakage from Beet Root Discs.
PubMed:Induction of Secondary Dormancy in Chenopodium bonus-henricus L. Seeds by Osmotic and High Temperature Treatments and Its Prevention by Light and Growth Regulators.
PubMed:Effect of water vapor pressure on the thermal decomposition of 2-chloroethylphosphonic Acid.
PubMed:[Effect of the phosphonic acid derivatives ethephon and trichlorphon on the incorporation in vivo of (14C)-acetate into cholesterol and other lipids in rats].
PubMed:Endogenous gibberellin and abscisic Acid content as related to senescence of detached lettuce leaves.
PubMed:A rapid and simple method for the determination of residues of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon) in tomatoes, cherries, and apples.
PubMed:Effect of Ethephon, Indole Butyric Acid, and Treatment Solution pH on Rooting and on Ethylene Levels within Mung Bean Cuttings.
PubMed:Mobility and ionic form of silver as related to longevity of cut carnations.
PubMed:Ethylene and adventitious root formation in hypocotyl segments of etiolated mung-bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) seedlings.
PubMed:[Mechanism of acute toxic effects of chlorocholine chloride and 2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid (Ethephon)].
PubMed:[Uptake and distribution of Camposan in rye].
PubMed:[Behavior of Ethephon residues on tomatoes. Part I. Green house tomatoes].
PubMed:Repression of asexual embryogenesis in vitro by some plant growth regulators.
PubMed:Therapeutic trials in muscular dystrophy: II. Ethylene and its derivatives.
PubMed:Effects of ethephon, ethylene, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid on asexual embryogenesis in vitro.
PubMed:Abscission responses to moisture stress, auxin transport inhibitors, and ethephon.
PubMed:[The effect of 2-chlorethylphosphonic acid (ethephon) on the activity of cholinesterases in vivo and in vitro with reference to its acute toxicity].
PubMed:Rapid gas-liquid chromatographic method for determining residues of ethephon (2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid) in tomatoes.
PubMed:Transport and metabolism of h-gibberellin a(1) in dioecious cucumber seedlings.
PubMed:Gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of ethephon and fenoprop residues in apples and their decline before and after harvest.
PubMed:Pigment Changes Associated with Application of Ethephon ((2-Chloroethyl)phosphonic Acid) to Fig (Ficus carica L.) Fruits.
PubMed:The effect of (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid on the sink strength of developing peach (Prunus persica L.) fruit.
PubMed:Metabolism of ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) and related compounds in Hevea brasiliensis.
PubMed:[Residue retention of ethephon on stone fruits and berries. 2. Ethephon residues in currants and gooseberries].
PubMed:[Behavior of Ethephon residues on stone fruits and berries. 1. Ethephon residues on sweet and sour cherries].
PubMed:Metabolism studies with ethephon in cherry leaves.
PubMed:Ethylene-induced Leaf Abscission Is Promoted by Gibberellic Acid.
PubMed:[Auxin-ethylene interactions in the thigmotropic response of Cucumber tendrils].
PubMed:Calcium distribution in the abscission zone of bean leaves: electron microprobe x-ray analysis.
PubMed:Effect of calcium, (2-chloroethyl) phosphonic acid and ethylene on bean leaf abscission.
PubMed:Peroxidase Activity in the Abscission Zone of Bean Leaves during Abscission.
PubMed:Feeding studies with ethephon growth regulator in the dairy cow.
PubMed:Mechanism of naphthaleneacetic Acid conjugation: no effect of ethylene.
PubMed:Reproductive Biology of Selaginella: I. Determination of Megasporangia by 2-Chloroethylphosphonic Acid, an Ethylene-releasing Compound.
PubMed:Morphactins enhance ethylene-induced leaf abscission.
PubMed:The level of phytohormones in monoecious and gynoecious cucumbers as affected by photoperiod and ethephon.
PubMed:Relationship between Ethylene and the Growth of Ficus sycomorus.
 
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