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Category:natural substances and extractives
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | white crystals (est) |
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00
|
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | 249.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Boiling Point: | 931.60 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
|
| Flash Point: | 533.00 °F. TCC ( 278.50 °C. ) (est)
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| logP (o/w): | 1.260 |
| Soluble in: |
| | water, 64.8 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) | | | water, 0.8457 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
| |
| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-cat LD50 200 ug/kg
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 159, Pg. 1, 1966.
intravenous-cat LDLo 159 ug/kg
Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. Vol. 19, Pg. 657, 1969.
parenteral-cat LDLo 1470 ug/kg
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica. For English translation, see APPFAR. Vol. 34, Pg. 431, 1977.
oral-child TDLo 54 ug/kg
CARDIAC: PULSE RATE
American Journal of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 4, Pg. 364, 1986.
oral-child TDLo 127 ug/kg
CARDIAC: PULSE RATE
American Family Physician. Vol. 34(1), Pg. 137, 1986.
intravenous-dog LDLo 200 ug/kg
Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales. Vol. 109, Pg. 279, 1932.
oral-dog LDLo 300 ug/kg
Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales. Vol. 109, Pg. 279, 1932.
parenteral-frog LDLo 1 mg/kg
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin. Vol. 11, Pg. 613, 1963.
intramuscular-guinea pig LD50 630 ug/kg
Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 316, 1982.
intraperitoneal-guinea pig LD50 800 ug/kg
Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. Vol. 7, Pg. 373, 1973.
oral-guinea pig LD50 3500 ug/kg
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 159, Pg. 1, 1966.
intravenous-guinea pig LDLo 468 ug/kg
BRAIN AND COVERINGS: RECORDINGS FROM SPECIFIC AREAS OF CNS
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
CARDIAC: OTHER CHANGES
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 153, Pg. 436, 1965.
oral-man TDLo 75 ug/kg
CARDIAC: EKG CHANGES NOT DIAGNOSTIC OF ABOVE
CARDIAC: PULSE RATE INCREASE WITHOUT FALL IN BP
American Journal of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 6, Pg. 465, 1988.
oral-man TDLo 333 ug/kg
SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: VISUAL FIELD CHANGES: EYE
CARDIAC: PULSE RATE
British Medical Journal. Vol. 287, Pg. 392, 1983.
unreported-man TDLo 13 ug/kg/4D-I
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA
BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL TESTS
VASCULAR: OTHER CHANGES
American Heart Journal. Vol. 106, Pg. 419, 1983.
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 3964 ug/kg
Chemotherapy Vol. 16, Pg. 371, 1971.
intravenous-mouse LD50 7670 ug/kg
Pharmacological Research Communications. Vol. 6, Pg. 417, 1974.
oral-mouse LD50 17780 ug/kg
CARDIAC: OTHER CHANGES
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
BRAIN AND COVERINGS: RECORDINGS FROM SPECIFIC AREAS OF CNS
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 153, Pg. 436, 1965.
parenteral-mouse LDLo 2947 ug/kg
Shang-hai I Hsueh. Vol. 4(2), Pg. 32, 1981.
intravenous-rabbit LD50 3560 ug/kg
Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 316, 1982.
intraperitoneal-rat LD50 4 mg/kg
Journal of Drug Research. Vol. 17, Pg. 247, 1987.
intravenous-rat LD50 25 mg/kg
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 155, Pg. 165, 1965.
oral-rat LD50 28270 ug/kg
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 164, Pg. 47, 1966.
|
| Dermal Toxicity: |
subcutaneous-frog LD50 2240 ng/kg
Russian Pharmacology and Toxicology Vol. 53, Pg. 171, 1990.
subcutaneous-guinea pig LD50 600 ug/kg
CARDIAC: ARRHYTHMIAS (INCLUDING CHANGES IN CONDUCTION)
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. Vol. 35, Pg. 580, 1983.
subcutaneous-mouse LD50 8150 ng/kg
Russian Pharmacology and Toxicology Vol. 53, Pg. 171, 1990.
subcutaneous-rat LD50 8900 ng/kg
Russian Pharmacology and Toxicology Vol. 53, Pg. 171, 1990.
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | natural substances and extractives |
| Recommendation for (+)-digoxin usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
|
| |
| Recommendation for (+)-digoxin flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
|
Safety References:
References:
Other Information:
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| KEGG (GenomeNet): | C06956 |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB01917 |
| FooDB: | FDB022736 |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2938.90.0000 |
| MedlinePlusSupp: | View |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
Formulations/Preparations:
•available for both oral and iv administration. digoxin tablets contain 0.125, 0.25, or 0.5 mg each. digoxin solution in capsules (lanoxicaps) contains either 0.05, 0.1 or 0.2 mg of digoxin in stable solution in each capsule. bioavailability is close to 100%, which is 25% greater than for tablets; the capsules are intended to be equivalent to 0.0625, 0.125, and 0.25 mg in tablet form. digoxin elixir contains 0.05 mgml. digoxin injection contains 0.1 mgml or 0.25 mgml. the appropriate dose can be diluted with 10 ml of sterile 0.9% sodium chloride solution before injection.
•dosage forms-capsules: 50, 100 and 200 ug; elixir: 50 ugml; injection: 100 and 250 ug1 ml, and 500 ug2 ml; tablets: 125, 250, and 500 ug
•lanoxin tablets contain digoxin (pure crystalline glycoside of digitalis lanata)0.125, 0.25 or 0.5 mg per tablet
•lanoxicaps capsules contain digoxin (pure crystalline glycoside of digitalis lanata) 0.05, 0.1 or 0.2 mg with polyethylene glycol, ethyl alcohol, propylene glycol and water
•lanoxin elixer pediatric, each cc contains 0.05 mg digoxin, 10% alcohol and 0.1% methylparaben
•cardoxin tablets contain digoxin usp 0.25 mg per tablet
•tablets, 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 mg. elixir (pediatric), 0.05 mgml. ampules, 0.1 mgml (pediatric) and 0.25 mgml.
•grade: united states pharmacopeia
•digoxin oral capsules, liquid-filled: 50, 100 or 200 ug, lanoxicaps (with alcohol 8%, parabens, and propylene glycol), glaxosmithkline.
•elixir: 50 ugml, digoxin elixir (with alcohol 10% and parabens), roxane; lanoxin elixir pediatric (with alcohol 10%, methylparaben 0.1%, and propylene glycol), glaxosmithkline.
•tablets: 125 ug, digitek; lanoxin (scored) glaxosmithkline; 250 ug, lanoxin (scored), glaxosmithkline.
•parenteral injection: 100 ugml, lanoxin injection pediatric (with alcohol 10% and propylene glycol 40%), glaxosmithkline; 250 ugml, digoxin injection (with alcohol 10% and propylene glycol 40%), elkins-sinn, wyeth-ayerst; lanoxin (with alcohol 10% and propylene glycol 40%, glaxosmithkline.
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Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | acygoxin | | | card-20(22)-enolide, 3-((O-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1-4)-O-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1-4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)- | | | cardigox | | | cardiogoxin | | | cardioxin | | | cardoxin | | | chloroformic digitalin | | | coragoxine | | | cordioxil | | | davoxin | | | digacin | | | digitek | | | digoksyna | | | digomal | | | digon | | | digonix | | | digos | | | digosin | | | digossina | | | digoxigenin-tridigitoxosid | | | digoxin | | SK- | digoxin | | | digoxin nativelle | | | digoxin pediatric | | | digoxin-sandoz | | | digoxin-zori | | | digoxina | | | digoxina-sandoz | | | digoxine | | | digoxine navtivelle | | | digoxinum | | | dilanacin | | | dimecip | | | dixina | | | dokim | | | dynamos | | | eudigox | | | fargoxin | | | grexin | | | hemigoxine nativelle | | | homolle's digitalin | | 12beta- | hydroxydigitoxin | | | lanacordin | | | lanacrist | | | lanatilin | | | lanicor | | | lanikor | | | lanorale | | | lanoxicaps | | | lanoxin | | | lanoxin pediatric | | | lanoxin PG | | | lenoxicaps | | | lenoxin | | | lifusin | | | longdigox | | | mapluxin | | | natigoxin | | | neo-lanicor | | | neodioxanin | | | novodigal | | | purgoxin | | | rougoxin | | | saroxin | | | stillacor | | 3beta,12beta,14- | trihydroxy-5beta,14beta-card-20(22)-enolid-3-tridigitoxosid | | | vanoxin |
Articles:
| PubMed:A new approach to predict human intestinal absorption using porcine intestinal tissue and biorelevant matrices. |
| PubMed:Development, validation, and application of a novel 7-day Caco-2 cell culture system. |
| PubMed:Laboratory testing of clinically approved drugs against Balamuthia mandrillaris. |
| PubMed:Drug-drug interactions between sucroferric oxyhydroxide and losartan, furosemide, omeprazole, digoxin and warfarin in healthy subjects. |
| PubMed:Use of different parameters and equations for calculation of IC₅₀ values in efflux assays: potential sources of variability in IC₅₀ determination. |
| PubMed:In vitro predictability of drug-drug interaction likelihood of P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux of dabigatran etexilate based on [I]2/IC50 threshold. |
| PubMed:Suitability of digoxin as a P-glycoprotein probe: implications of other transporters on sensitivity and specificity. |
| PubMed:Validation of a population-based method to assess drug-induced alterations in the QT interval: a self-controlled crossover study. |
| PubMed:Serum-reduced and serum-free media for differentiation of Caco-2 cells. |
| PubMed:Purification and characterization of neurotoxin complex from a dual toxin gene containing Clostridium Botulinum Strain PS-5. |
| PubMed:Application of receiver operating characteristic analysis to refine the prediction of potential digoxin drug interactions. |
| PubMed:Functional evidence for physiological mechanisms to circumvent neurotoxicity of cardenolides in an adapted and a non-adapted hawk-moth species. |
| PubMed:Metabolite profiling of ginsenoside Re in rat urine and faeces after oral administration. |
| PubMed:P-gp substrate-induced neurotoxicity in an Abcb1a knock-in/Abcb1b knock-out mouse model with a mutated canine ABCB1 targeted insertion. |
| PubMed:Botanical-drug interactions: a scientific perspective. |
| PubMed:Effects of aripiprazole and its active metabolite dehydroaripiprazole on the activities of drug efflux transporters expressed both in the intestine and at the blood-brain barrier. |
| PubMed:First successful curative use of digoxin-specific Fab antibody fragments in a life-threatening coconut crab (Birgus latro L.) poisoning. |
| PubMed:[Drug interactions and clinical relevance: it all began with cheese]. |
| PubMed:Carrier-mediated transport of quercetin conjugates: involvement of organic anion transporters and organic anion transporting polypeptides. |
| PubMed:Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of linagliptin. |
| PubMed:Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of vildagliptin. |
| PubMed:The role of turmerones on curcumin transportation and P-glycoprotein activities in intestinal Caco-2 cells. |
| PubMed:Multiplex DNA detection of food allergens on a digital versatile disk. |
| PubMed:Atrial fibrillation (chronic). |
| PubMed:Screening of plant toxins in food, feed and botanicals using full-scan high-resolution (Orbitrap) mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Study of drug-drug interactions in prescriptions of general practitioners and specialists in iran 2007-2009. |
| PubMed:Heart failure. |
| PubMed:Atrial fibrillation (acute onset). |
| PubMed:Concurrent detection of autolysosome formation and lysosomal degradation by flow cytometry in a high-content screen for inducers of autophagy. |
| PubMed:Patient counseling about herbal-drug interactions. |
| PubMed:Treatment of chronically digoxin-poisoned patients with a newer digoxin immune fab--a retrospective study. |
| PubMed:A review of the clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of varenicline for smoking cessation. |
| PubMed:Important drug-nutrient interactions. |
| PubMed:Clinical pharmacology of dronedarone: implications for the therapy of atrial fibrillation. |
| PubMed:The decreased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors delta (PPARdelta) is reversed by digoxin in the heart of diabetic rats. |
| PubMed:Heart failure. |
| PubMed:Physiological roles of endogenous ouabain in normal rats. |
| PubMed:Low-dose cardiotonic steroids increase sodium-potassium ATPase activity that protects hippocampal slice cultures from experimental ischemia. |
| PubMed:Autopsy report on central pontine myelinolysis triggered by vomiting associated with digoxin intoxication. |
| PubMed:Digitalis must be banished from the table: a rare case of acute accidental Digitalis intoxication of a whole family. |
| PubMed:Validation and application of Caco-2 assays for the in vitro evaluation of development candidate drugs as substrates or inhibitors of P-glycoprotein to support regulatory submissions. |
| PubMed:Interaction of coenzyme Q10 with the intestinal drug transporter P-glycoprotein. |
| PubMed:Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate. |
| PubMed:Gauging the clinical significance of P-glycoprotein-mediated herb-drug interactions: comparative effects of St. John's wort, Echinacea, clarithromycin, and rifampin on digoxin pharmacokinetics. |
| PubMed:Atrial fibrillation (chronic). |
| PubMed:Atrial fibrillation (acute onset). |
| PubMed:[Preliminary study on rapid test of Enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157 by PCR-immunochromatographic test]. |
| PubMed:Effects of diosmin, a flavonoid glycoside in citrus fruits, on P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. |
| PubMed:Digoxin bioequivalence study: determination in human plasma by microparticle enzyme immunoassay. |
| PubMed:Varenicline: the newest agent for smoking cessation. |
| PubMed:Detection and quantification of affinity ligand leaching and specific antibody fragment concentration within chromatographic fractions using surface plasmon resonance. |
| PubMed:Initial United States experience with the Paracor HeartNet myocardial constraint device for heart failure. |
| PubMed:Heart failure. |
| PubMed:Oral varenicline for smoking cessation. |
| PubMed:Unexpectedly dangerous escargot stew: oleandrin poisoning through the alimentary chain. |
| PubMed:Grapefruit juice and drug interactions. Exploring mechanisms of this interaction and potential toxicity for certain drugs. |
| PubMed:Exenatide: a new option for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of P-glycoprotein-mediated transport by terpenoids contained in herbal medicines and natural products. |
| PubMed:Cardiac glycosides provide neuroprotection against ischemic stroke: discovery by a brain slice-based compound screening platform. |
| PubMed:The complexity of intestinal absorption and exsorption of digoxin in rats. |
| PubMed:Bioavailability of digoxin. |
| PubMed:Clinical pharmacokinetics of ranolazine. |
| PubMed:Pharmacokinetics of telithromycin: application to dosing in the treatment of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. |
| PubMed:Low potential for interactions between melagatran/ximelagatran and other drugs, food, or alcohol. |
| PubMed:Comparison of information on the pharmacokinetic interactions of Ca antagonists in the package inserts from three countries (Japan, USA and UK). |
| PubMed:Clinical pharmacokinetics of losartan. |
| PubMed:Ezetimibe: a review of its metabolism, pharmacokinetics and drug interactions. |
| PubMed:Exposure-response relationships and drug interactions of sirolimus. |
| PubMed:Efflux of sphingoid bases by P-glycoprotein in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. |
| PubMed:Clinical pharmacology of bosentan, a dual endothelin receptor antagonist. |
| PubMed:Herb-drug interactions: focus on pharmacokinetics. |
| PubMed:Clinical pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam. |
| PubMed:Intestinal P glycoprotein acts as a natural defense mechanism against Listeria monocytogenes. |
| PubMed:Overview of treprostinil sodium for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. |
| PubMed:The involvement of the blood-brain and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers in the distribution of leptin into and out of the rat brain. |
| PubMed:The effects of fruit juices on drug disposition: a new model for drug interactions. |
| PubMed:Clinical pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin. |
| PubMed:Effects of grapefruit juice on intestinal P-glycoprotein: evaluation using digoxin in humans. |
| PubMed:[Effects of vitamin A on Hox 3.5 gene expression in mouse embryo]. |
| PubMed:Clinical pharmacokinetics of tegaserod, a serotonin 5-HT(4) receptor partial agonist with promotile activity. |
| PubMed:Rabeprazole: pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic drug interactions. |
| PubMed:[Nutritional study in geriatric patients (older than 65 years of age) with ambulatory enteral nutrition: correlation between underlying disease, nutritional support, and drug treatment]. |
| PubMed:Piperine, a major constituent of black pepper, inhibits human P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4. |
| PubMed:Digoxin products for oral use; revocation of conditions for marketing. Final rule. |
| PubMed:Diagnostics for conformity of paired quantitative measurements. |
| PubMed:Food and drugs. |
| PubMed:Clinical pharmacokinetics and selective pharmacodynamics of new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors: an update. |
| PubMed:Use of alternative pharmacotherapy in management of cardiovascular diseases. |
| PubMed:beta-Blocker therapy in heart failure: scientific review. |
| PubMed:FDA adverse event reports on statin-associated rhabdomyolysis. |
| PubMed:Seven new biologic agents approved in 2001. |
| PubMed:Fruit juices inhibit organic anion transporting polypeptide-mediated drug uptake to decrease the oral availability of fexofenadine. |
| PubMed:Correction: generic substitution. |
| PubMed:FDA approves digoxin-toxicity remedy. |
| PubMed:Effect of grapefruit juice on digoxin pharmacokinetics in humans. |
| PubMed:Herbal medicines today and the roots of modern pharmacology. |
| PubMed:[The safety of herbal medicines in the psychiatric practice]. |
| PubMed:Drug interactions with irbesartan. |
| PubMed:A comprehensive account on the role of efflux transporters in the gastrointestinal absorption of 13 commonly used substrate drugs in humans. |
| PubMed:Profile of moxifloxacin drug interactions. |
| PubMed:Interaction profile and tolerability of barnidipine. |
| PubMed:Generic substitution: issues for problematic drugs. |
| PubMed:Current role of beta-adrenergic blockers in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure. |
| PubMed:Falsely elevated serum digitoxin concentrations due to cross-reactivity of water-extractable digitoxin-like immunoreactivity of Chinese medicine Chan SU: elimination of interference by use of a chemiluminescent assay. |
| PubMed:[Drug-food interactions]. |
| PubMed:Pharmacokinetic interaction of digoxin with an herbal extract from St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum). |
| PubMed:Assessment of the quality and quantity of drug-drug interaction studies in recent NDA submissions: study design and data analysis issues. |
| PubMed:Clinical pharmacokinetics of troglitazone. |
| PubMed:Ischemic and nonischemic heart failure do not require different treatment strategies. |
| PubMed:Clinical aspects of the use of clopidogrel, a new antiplatelet agent. |
| PubMed:Clinical pharmacokinetics of nimesulide. |
| PubMed:Rational assessment of the interaction profile of cerivastatin supports its low propensity for drug interactions. |
| PubMed:Contamination of botanical dietary supplements by Digitalis lanata. |
| PubMed:Azimilide dihydrochloride, a novel antiarrhythmic agent. |
| PubMed:The clinical pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin. |
| PubMed:GC/MS comparison of the West Indian aphrodisiac "Love Stone" to the Chinese medication "chan su": bufotenine and related bufadienolides. |
| PubMed:The influence of feeding regimens on endogenous digoxin-like immunoreactive substance concentrations in infants. |
| PubMed:Development and pharmacology of fluvastatin. |
| PubMed:Deaths associated with a purported aphrodisiac--New York City, February 1993-May 1995. |
| PubMed:Human pharmacokinetics of tiludronate. |
| PubMed:Effect of ingesta and of tablets of different strengths on the systemic availability of digoxin in normal dogs. |
| PubMed:Development and pharmacology of fluvastatin. |
| PubMed:Chronic voluntary exercise may alter hepatobiliary clearance of endogenous and exogenous chemicals in rats. |
| PubMed:Clinical implications of the biopharmaceutical properties of fluvastatin. |
| PubMed:Dose-response and concentration-response relationships: clinical and regulatory perspectives. |
| PubMed:Pharmacokinetics of fluvastatin and specific drug interactions. |
| PubMed:Pharmacokinetic drug interactions with ACE inhibitors. |
| PubMed:Benazepril: a new ACE inhibitor. |
| PubMed:Dietary electrolytes and urinary natriuretic factors. |
| PubMed:Prescription drug use in lactating mothers: an experience at a referral hospital and in a community in India. |
| PubMed:Perturbation of intestinal microflora. |
| PubMed:Response of cats with dilated cardiomyopathy to taurine supplementation. |
| PubMed:Bioavailability and bioinequivalence of drug formulations in small animals. |
| PubMed:Influence of food on the absorption of beta-methyldigoxin. |
| PubMed:Felodipine clinical pharmacokinetics. |
| PubMed:Treatment of cardiovascular disease in cattle. |
| PubMed:Evaluation of a radioreceptor assay to assess exogenous estrogen activity in serum of patients with breast cancer. |
| PubMed:Clinical pharmacology of cilazapril. |
| PubMed:Nitrendipine: a new dihydropyridine calcium-channel antagonist for the treatment of hypertension. |
| PubMed:Status of generic substitution: problematic drug classes reviewed. |
| PubMed:Endogenous digoxin-like activity of mammalian-lignans and their derivatives. |
| PubMed:Propafenone: a new antiarrhythmic agent. |
| PubMed:Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Relationship between pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. |
| PubMed:Digitalis. An update of clinical pharmacokinetics, therapeutic monitoring techniques and treatment recommendations. |
| PubMed:Clinical pharmacokinetics of ibopamine on different diseases and conditions. |
| PubMed:Effects of food ingestion on hemodynamics in chronic congestive heart failure. |
| PubMed:Pharmacokinetics of captopril in healthy subjects and in patients with cardiovascular diseases. |
| PubMed:[Postprandial delay of drug absorption in a gitoformate model]. |
| PubMed:Compatibility of medications with enteral feedings. |
| PubMed:Drug interactions in surgical patients. |
| PubMed:Clinical pharmacokinetics of felodipine. A summary. |
| PubMed:The clinical pharmacology of lisinopril. |
| PubMed:The impact of a drug information sheet on the understanding and attitude of patients about drugs. |
| PubMed:[Mediator concepts and modulation of renal compensatory adaptation]. |
| PubMed:Immunological approach to poisoning. |
| PubMed:Metabolism and disposition of buspirone. |
| PubMed:The comparative cardiovascular effects of digoxin and food alone and in combination in normal males. |
| PubMed:Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of bepridil. |
| PubMed:Generalization of distribution--free confidence intervals for bioavailability ratios. |
| PubMed:Enalapril: a review of human pharmacology. |
| PubMed:[Principles of pharmacotherapy in geriatrics]. |
| PubMed:Fasting and postprandial absorption of digoxin from a microencapsulated formulation. |
| PubMed:Hypertonic formula resulting from added oral medications. |
| PubMed:[Use of drugs in a medical polyclinic]. |
| PubMed:[Biological availability of digoxin and beta-methyl-digoxin administered in the fasting state or after meals]. |
| PubMed:Institutional pharmacists' guide to complying with PPI regulations. |
| PubMed:Therapeutic and toxic plasma concentrations of digoxin in the cat. |
| PubMed:Application of individualized digoxin dosage regimens to canine therapeutic digitalization. |
| PubMed:Influence of food on the bioavailability of drugs. |
| PubMed:Effect of a standard breakfast on digoxin absorption in normal subjects. |
| PubMed:Digoxin bioavailability: evaluation of a generic tablet and proposed FDA guidelines. |
| PubMed:Absorption and metabolism of lanatoside C. II. Fate after oral administration. |
| PubMed:Greater bioavailability of digoxin solution in capsules. Studies in the postprandial state. |
| PubMed:Drug bioavailability studies. |
| PubMed:Drugs, diseases and altered gastric emptying. |
| PubMed:Bioavailability of drugs: the digoxin dilemma. |
| PubMed:Symposium on pharmacologic and clinical control of cardiovascular drugs. Comments from the Food and Drug Administration. |
| PubMed:The safety of digoxin. |
| PubMed:Commentary: The communication gap: clinical pharmacology and the public. |
| PubMed:Editorial: What the practicing physician should know about digoxin bioavailability and how will FDA action affect him? |
| PubMed:Editorial: Digoxin--the regulatory viewpoint. |
| PubMed:Editorial: Bioavailability of drugs: focus on digoxin. |
| PubMed:FDA to change digoxin standards. |
| PubMed:Digoxin tablets. |
| PubMed:Letter: Digoxin tablets: a possible problem with biological availability. |
| PubMed:Pharmacokinetics of digoxin: interpreting bioavailability. |
| PubMed:Effect of cholestyramine on absorption of 3H digoxin in rats. |
| PubMed:Judgments concerning faulty digoxin. |
| PubMed:Bioavailability of digoxin tablets. |
| PubMed:Biologic availability of digoxin tablets. |
| PubMed:Bioavailability of digoxin. |
| PubMed:Plasma concentrations of digoxin after oral administration in the fasting and postprandial ste. |
| PubMed:A CASE OF HUMAN BOTULISM DUE TO HOME-PRESERVED CANTALOUPE. |
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a cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone digoxigenin. digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (from martindale, the extra pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666) Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, digitalis. It is widely used in the treatment of various heart conditions, namely atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and congestive heart failure that cannot be controlled by other medication. Digoxin preparations are commonly marketed under the trade name Lanoxin. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666) -- Pubchem; A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; Digoxin binds to a site on the extracellular aspect of the of the Na+/K+ ATPase pump in the membranes of heart cells (myocytes). This causes an increase in the level of sodium ions in the myocytes, which then leads to a rise in the level of calcium ions. The proposed mechanism is the following: inhibition of the Na+/K+ pump leads to increased Na+ levels, which in turn slows down the extrusion of Ca2+ via the Na+/Ca2+ exchange pump. Increased amounts of Ca2+ are then stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum and released by each action potential, which is unchanged by digoxin. This is a different mechanism from that of catecholamines. -- Wikipedia; Owing to its narrow therapeutic index (the margin between effectiveness and toxicity), side effects of digoxin are inevitable. Nausea, vomiting and GIT upset are common, especially in higher doses. Decreased conduction in the AV node can lead to AV blocks, increased intracellular Ca2+ causes a type of arrhythmia called bigeminy (coupled beats), eventually ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. An often described but rarely seen side effect of digoxin is a disturbance of color vision (mostly yellow and green color) called xanthopsia. [HMDB]
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3D/inchi