EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

benzoyl peroxide
diphenyl glyoxal peroxide

Supplier Sponsors

Name:benzoyl benzenecarboperoxoate
CAS Number: 94-36-0Picture of molecule3D/inchi
Other(deleted CASRN):117989-71-6
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:202-327-6
FDA UNII: W9WZN9A0GM
Nikkaji Web:J2.843F
Beilstein Number:984320
MDL:MFCD00003071
XlogP3-AA:3.50 (est)
Molecular Weight:242.23050000
Formula:C14 H10 O4
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:multipurpose additives
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Perfumer and Flavorist:Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
JECFA Food Additive: Benzoyl peroxide
GSFA Codex: Benzoyl peroxide (928)
FDA Mainterm (SATF):94-36-0 ; BENZOYL PEROXIDE
FDA Regulation:
FDA PART 133 -- CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS
Subpart B--Requirements for Specific Standardized Cheese and Related Products
Sec. 133.102 Asiago fresh and asiago soft cheese.


FDA PART 133 -- CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS
Subpart B--Requirements for Specific Standardized Cheese and Related Products
Sec. 133.106 Blue cheese.


FDA PART 133 -- CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS
Subpart B--Requirements for Specific Standardized Cheese and Related Products
Sec. 133.111 Caciocavallo siciliano cheese.


FDA PART 133 -- CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS
Subpart B--Requirements for Specific Standardized Cheese and Related Products
Sec. 133.141 Gorgonzola cheese.


FDA PART 133 -- CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS
Subpart B--Requirements for Specific Standardized Cheese and Related Products
Sec. 133.165 Parmesan and reggiano cheese.


FDA PART 133 -- CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS
Subpart B--Requirements for Specific Standardized Cheese and Related Products
Sec. 133.181 Provolone cheese.


FDA PART 133 -- CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS
Subpart B--Requirements for Specific Standardized Cheese and Related Products
Sec. 133.183 Romano cheese.


FDA PART 133 -- CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS
Subpart B--Requirements for Specific Standardized Cheese and Related Products
Sec. 133.195 Swiss and emmentaler cheese.


FDA PART 137 -- CEREAL FLOURS AND RELATED PRODUCTS
Subpart B--Requirements for Specific Standardized Cereal Flours and Related Products
Sec. 137.105 Flour.


FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION
Subpart I--Multipurpose Additives
Sec. 172.814 Hydroxylated lecithin.


FDA PART 175 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS
Subpart B--Substances for Use Only as Components of Adhesives
Sec. 175.105 Adhesives.


FDA PART 176 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: PAPER AND PAPERBOARD COMPONENTS
Subpart B--Substances for Use Only as Components of Paper and Paperboard
Sec. 176.170 Components of paper and paperboard in contact with aqueous and fatty foods.


FDA PART 177 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: POLYMERS
Subpart C--Substances for Use Only as Components of Articles Intended for Repeated Use
Sec. 177.2420 Polyester resins, cross-linked.


FDA PART 177 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: POLYMERS
Subpart C--Substances for Use Only as Components of Articles Intended for Repeated Use
Sec. 177.2600 Rubber articles intended for repeated use.


FDA PART 184 -- DIRECT FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE
Subpart B--Listing of Specific Substances Affirmed as GRAS
Sec. 184.1157 Benzoyl peroxide.
 
Physical Properties:
Appearance:colorless crystalline solid (est)
Assay: 96.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 104.00 to 106.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 349.75 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point: 310.00 °F. TCC ( 154.20 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 3.460
Soluble in:
 alcohol, slightly
 ether
 water, 9.1 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
Insoluble in:
 water
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor Description:at 100.00 %. mild benzaldehyde
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
CosIng:cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses: oxidising agents
 
Suppliers:
EMD Millipore
For experimental / research use only.
Benzoyl Peroxide
sds
Graham Chemical
Benzoyl Peroxide
Penta International
BENZOYL PEROXIDE FCC
Penta International
BENZOYL PEROXIDE HYDROUS USP
Sigma-Aldrich
For experimental / research use only.
Luperox® A98, Benzoyl peroxide reagent grade, ≥98%
TCI AMERICA
For experimental / research use only.
Benzoyl Peroxide (wetted with ca. 25% Water) >75.0%(T)
sds
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 7710 mg/kg
LIVER: OTHER CHANGES LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CYANOSIS KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: OTHER CHANGES IN URINE COMPOSITION
ARCO Chemical Company Report. Vol. JUN1982

oral-mouse LD50 5700 mg/kg
Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 32(3), Pg. 31, 1967.

intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 250 mg/kg
International Polymer Science and Technology. Vol. 3, Pg. 93, 1976.

Dermal Toxicity:
skin-mammal (species unspecified) LD50 > 1000 mg/kg
Kodak Company Reports. Vol. #900713

Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
multipurpose additives
Recommendation for benzoyl peroxide usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for benzoyl peroxide flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
EPI System: View
ClinicalTrials.gov:search
Daily Med:search
NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards:search
NIOSH Pocket Guide:search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA GENetic TOXicology:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):94-36-0
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :7187
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
SCCNFP:opinion
WGK Germany:1
benzoyl benzenecarboperoxoate
Chemidplus:0000094360
EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials
RTECS:94-36-0
 
References:
 benzoyl benzenecarboperoxoate
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:94-36-0
Pubchem (cid):7187
Pubchem (sid):134971128
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
FDA Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances:View
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):C19346
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB32040
FooDB:FDB008743
Export Tariff Code:2916.32.1000
FDA Listing of Food Additive Status:View
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
Formulations/Preparations:
•grades or purity: 98% (dry); 70-78% (wet); various pastes of dibenzoyl peroxide and liquid plasticizers such as tricresyl phosphate, silicone oil. •benzoyl peroxide is available in the usa as granules containing 98.5 + or - 1% benzoyl peroxide, as granules containing 75-80% and 70 + or - 2% benzoyl peroxide with water as a diluent, as pastes containing from 24-27% up to 55% min benzoyl peroxide with proprietary diluents, as a paste containing 50-52% benzoyl peroxide with tricresyl phosphate as a diluent, as a paste containing 50% min benzoyl peroxide with silicone oil as a diluent, as a powder containing 35-37% benzoyl peroxide with dicalcium phosphate as a diluent, and as a powder containing 32-33% benzoyl peroxide with wheat starch as a diluent. •flour bleach typically contains 32% benzoyl peroxide and 68% corn-starch. •benzoyl peroxide used in topical non-prescription medications for the treatment of acne is sold as lotions, gels, creams and ointments containing 2.5-10% benzoyl peroxide. •stri-dex b.p. 10%: benzoyl peroxide, 10% •epi clear antiseptic lotion: benzoyl peroxide, 5% and 10% •benoxyl (5&10) lotion: benzoyl peroxide, 5% and 10% •clearasil antibacterial acne lotion: benzoyl peroxide, 5% •clearasil bp acne treatment cream: benzoyl peroxide, 10% •oxy-5: benzoyl peroxide, 5% •oxy-10: benzoyl peroxide, 10% •oxy-10 cover: benzoyl peroxide, 10% •grade: technical, wet or dry; food chemicals codex •topical, as a 5-10% cream, gel, or lotion, dosage forms--cream: 5 & 10%; lotion: 5 & 10%. •granules, powder, or paste with 35 to 100 percent peroxide content
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
None Found
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 not found in nature
 
Synonyms:
 akneroxid 5
 benbel C
 benzac W
 benzashave
 benzoperoxide
 benzoyl benzenecarboperoxoate
 benzoyl peroxide hydrous USP FCC
 benzoylperoxide
 cadox B
 clearasil antibacterial acne lotion
 desquam E
 desquam-X
 dibenzoyl peroxide
 diphenyl glyoxal peroxide
 epi-clear
 fostex BPO
 lucidol
 mytolac
 oxy 5
 oxylite
 peroxydex
 persadox
 sulfoxyl
 theraderm
 topex
 vanoxide
 xerac
 

Articles:

PubMed:The impact of iron on the bleaching efficacy of hydrogen peroxide in liquid whey systems.
PubMed:Effect of bleaching permeate from microfiltered skim milk on 80% serum protein concentrate.
PubMed:Alternative bleaching methods for Cheddar cheese whey.
PubMed:Effect of bleaching whey on sensory and functional properties of 80% whey protein concentrate.
PubMed:Influence of bleaching on flavor of 34% whey protein concentrate and residual benzoic acid concentration in dried whey proteins.
PubMed:Invited review: Annatto usage and bleaching in dairy foods.
PubMed:The effect of bleaching agent on the flavor of liquid whey and whey protein concentrate.
PubMed:Epiduo (adapalene 0.1% and benzoyl peroxide 2.5%) approval in children 9 years and older.
PubMed:The influence of bleaching agent and temperature on bleaching efficacy and volatile components of fluid whey and whey retentate.
PubMed:Treatment of preadolescent acne in the United States: an analysis of nationally representative data.
PubMed:A status report on topical tazarotene in the management of acne vulgaris.
PubMed:Effect of annatto addition and bleaching treatments on ultrafiltration flux during production of 80% whey protein concentrate and 80% serum protein concentrate.
PubMed:Effect of bleaching permeate from microfiltered skim milk on 80% serum protein concentrate.
PubMed:[Application of EMD and SPA algorithm in the detection of benzoyl peroxide addition in flour by spectroscopy].
PubMed:Effect of bleaching whey on sensory and functional properties of 80% whey protein concentrate.
PubMed:[Detection of benzoyl peroxide in wheat flour by NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy technique].
PubMed:Short communication: Annatto in Cheddar cheese-derived whey protein concentrate is primarily associated with milk fat globule membrane.
PubMed:Effect of temperature and bleaching agent on bleaching of liquid Cheddar whey.
PubMed:Simple and fast fluorescence detection of benzoyl peroxide in wheat flour by N-methoxy rhodamine-6G spirolactam based on consecutive chemical reactions.
PubMed:Influence of bleaching on flavor of 34% whey protein concentrate and residual benzoic acid concentration in dried whey proteins.
PubMed:Invited review: Annatto usage and bleaching in dairy foods.
PubMed:Minocycline in the treatment of acne: latest findings.
PubMed:The effect of bleaching agent on the flavor of liquid whey and whey protein concentrate.
PubMed:Acne vulgaris.
PubMed:Inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase by tumor-promoting organic peroxides and protection by resveratrol.
PubMed:[Determination of benzoyl peroxide in wheat flour by high performance liquid chromatography].
PubMed:Evaluation of certain food additives.
PubMed:Acne update: 2004.
PubMed:Determination of benzoyl peroxide and benzoic acid in wheat flour by high-performance liquid chromatography and its identification by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Radical-scavenging activity of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and its metabolites.
PubMed:New therapy update--A unique combination formulation in the treatment of inflammatory acne.
PubMed:Low iron state is associated with reduced tumor promotion in a two-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis model.
PubMed:Scavenging of benzylperoxyl radicals by carotenoids.
PubMed:Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants.
PubMed:Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact.
PubMed:Determination of benzoyl peroxide and benzoic acid levels by HPLC during wheat flour bleaching process.
PubMed:Attenuation of benzoyl peroxide-mediated cutaneous oxidative stress and hyperproliferative response by the prophylactic treatment of mice with spearmint (Mentha spicata).
PubMed:A hairless mouse model for assessing the chronic toxicity of topically applied chemicals.
PubMed:Chemical inactivation of aflatoxins in peanut protein ingredients.
PubMed:The effect of dietary lipid on skin tumor promotion by benzoyl peroxide: comparison of fish, coconut and corn oil.
PubMed:Inhibition of mouse skin protein kinase C by benzoyl peroxide.
PubMed:The effect of the level of dietary corn oil on mouse skin carcinogenesis.
PubMed:Dependence of curing time, peak temperature, and mechanical properties on the composition of bone cement.
PubMed:[How do I treat acne and rosacea?].
PubMed:Peroxides, genes and cancer.
 
Notes:
a peroxide derivative that has been used topically for burns and as a dermatologic agent in the treatment of acne and poison ivy dermatitis. it is used also as a bleach in the food industry. Added to bread and cheese as bleaching agent Benzoyl peroxide (pronounced /?b?nz??l p??r?ksa?d/) is an organic compound in the organic peroxide family. It consists of two benzoyl groups joined by a peroxide group. Its structural formula is [C6H5-C(O)]2O2. It is one of the most important organic peroxides in terms of applications and the scale of its production. Benzoyl peroxide is used as an acne treatment, for improving flour, for bleaching hair and teeth, for polymerising polyester and many other uses.; In the U. S., the typical concentration for benzoyl peroxide is 2.5% to 10% for both prescription and over the counter preparations that are used in treatment for acne. Higher concentrations are used for hair bleach and teeth whitening. Benzoyl peroxide, like most peroxides, is a powerful bleaching agent. Contact with fabrics or hair can cause permanent color dampening almost immediately. Even secondary contact can cause bleaching. For example, contact with a towel that has been used to wash off benzoyl peroxide-containing hygiene products.[citation needed]
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