EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

ergothioneine
1H-imidazole-4-ethanaminium, alpha-carboxy-2,3-dihydro-N,N,N-trimethyl-2-thioxo-, hydroxide, inner salt, (S)- (9CI)

Supplier Sponsors

CAS Number: 497-30-3Picture of molecule3D/inchi
FDA UNII: BDZ3DQM98W
MDL:MFCD00167474
XlogP3-AA:0.30 (est)
Molecular Weight:229.30295000
Formula:C9 H15 N3 O2 S
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:food additive, dietary supplements
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
 FDA/DG SANTE Petitions, Reviews, Notices:
GRN 734 Ergothionine View - notice PDF
 
Physical Properties:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Soluble in:
 water, 1e+006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
None found
 
Suppliers:
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
L(+)-Ergothioneine
Odor: characteristic
Use: L-Ergothionine is a natural molecule isolated from the rye ergot fungus and later identified in rat erythrocytes
Glentham Life Sciences
L-(+)-Ergothioneine
Jiangyin Healthway
Ergothioneine
New functional food ingredients
Santa Cruz Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
L-Ergothioneine ≥98%
Sigma-Aldrich: Sigma
For experimental / research use only.
L-(+)-Ergothioneine
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
food additive, dietary supplements
Recommendation for ergothioneine usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for ergothioneine flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Safety of synthetic l-ergothioneine (Ergoneine®) as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 258/97
View page or View pdf

Statement on the safety of synthetic l-ergothioneine as a novel food – supplementary dietary exposure and safety assessment for infants and young children, pregnant and breastfeeding women
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :5351619
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:3
(2S)-3-(2-sulfanylidene-1,3-dihydroimidazol-4-yl)-2-(trimethylazaniumyl)propanoate
Chemidplus:0000497303
 
References:
 (2S)-3-(2-sulfanylidene-1,3-dihydroimidazol-4-yl)-2-(trimethylazaniumyl)propanoate
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid):5351619
Pubchem (sid):134977585
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):C05570
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB03045
FooDB:FDB004217
FDA Listing of Food Additive Status:View
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
None Found
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 oat seed
Search Trop Picture
 
Synonyms:
(S)-(1-carboxy-2-(2-mercaptoimidazol-4-yl)ethyl)trimethylammonium hydroxide
 ergoneine
L-ergothioneine
 ergothionine
1H-imidazole-4-ethanaminium, alpha-carboxy-2,3-dihydro-N,N,N-trimethyl-2-thioxo-, hydroxide, inner salt, (S)- (9CI)
(2S)-3-(2-sulfanylidene-1,3-dihydroimidazol-4-yl)-2-(trimethylazaniumyl)propanoate
 

Articles:

PubMed:Convergent evolution of ergothioneine biosynthesis in Cyanobacteria.
PubMed:Ergothioneine and related histidine derivatives in the gas phase: tautomer structures determined by IRMPD spectroscopy and theory.
PubMed:Role of Ergothioneine in Microbial Physiology and Pathogenesis.
PubMed:Anaerobic Origin of Ergothioneine.
PubMed:Physiological Roles of Carnitine/Organic Cation Transporter OCTN1/SLC22A4 in Neural Cells.
PubMed:Impairment of the carnitine/organic cation transporter 1-ergothioneine axis is mediated by intestinal transporter dysfunction in chronic kidney disease.
PubMed:Carnitine/Organic Cation Transporter OCTN1 Negatively Regulates Activation in Murine Cultured Microglial Cells.
PubMed:A bioinspired and biocompatible ortho-sulfiliminyl phenol synthesis.
PubMed:Sulfoxide Synthase versus Cysteine Dioxygenase Reactivity in a Nonheme Iron Enzyme.
PubMed:Mushrooms: A rich source of the antioxidants ergothioneine and glutathione.
PubMed:Effects of ergothioneine-rich mushroom extracts on lipid oxidation and discoloration in salmon muscle stored at low temperatures.
PubMed:Mycochemical Changes Induced by Selenium Enrichment in P. ostreatus Fruiting Bodies.
PubMed:Ergothioneine Antioxidant Function: From Chemistry to Cardiovascular Therapeutic Potential.
PubMed:Ergothioneine products derived by superoxide oxidation in endothelial cells exposed to high-glucose.
PubMed:Theoretical Study of the Mechanism of the Nonheme Iron Enzyme EgtB.
PubMed:Lack of mycothiol and ergothioneine induces different protective mechanisms in Mycobacterium smegmatis.
PubMed:OCTN1 Is a High-Affinity Carrier of Nucleoside Analogues.
PubMed:Screening and Characterization of Drugs That Protect Corneal Endothelial Cells Against Unfolded Protein Response and Oxidative Stress.
PubMed:The Anti-Oxidant Ergothioneine Augments the Immunomodulatory Function of TLR Agonists by Direct Action on Macrophages.
PubMed:Nonvolatile Taste Components and Antioxidant Properties of Fruiting Body and Mycelium with High Ergothioneine Content from the Culinary-Medicinal Golden Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus citrinopileatus (Agaricomycetes).
PubMed:Quality of Bread Supplemented with Antrodia
salmonea-Fermented Grains.
PubMed:Gastrodia elata Blume Extract Modulates Antioxidant Activity and Ultraviolet A-Irradiated Skin Aging in Human Dermal Fibroblast Cells.
PubMed:Go it alone: four-electron oxidations by mononuclear non-heme iron enzymes.
PubMed:Short protecting-group-free synthesis of 5-acetylsulfanyl-histidines in water: novel precursors of 5-sulfanyl-histidine and its analogues.
PubMed:Ergothioneine Biosynthesis and Functionality in the Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen, Aspergillus fumigatus.
PubMed:Identification of the Main Intermediate Precursor of l-Ergothioneine Biosynthesis in Human Biological Specimens.
PubMed:Metabolomic profiling of brain from infants who died from Sudden Infant Death Syndrome reveals novel predictive biomarkers.
PubMed:Administration of Pure Ergothioneine to Healthy Human Subjects: Uptake, Metabolism, and Effects on Biomarkers of Oxidative Damage and Inflammation.
PubMed:Ergothioneine levels in an elderly population decrease with age and incidence of cognitive decline; a risk factor for neurodegeneration?
PubMed:Characterizing Blood Metabolomics Profiles Associated with Self-Reported Food Intakes in Female Twins.
PubMed:L503F variant of carnitine/organic cation transporter 1 efficiently transports metformin and other biguanides.
PubMed:S-nitrosomycothiol reductase and mycothiol are required for survival under aldehyde stress and biofilm formation in Mycobacterium smegmatis.
PubMed:A Safety Evaluation of a Nature-Identical l-Ergothioneine in Sprague Dawley Rats.
PubMed:Protective Effect of Antioxidant Extracts from Grey Oyster Mushroom, Pleurotus pulmonarius (Agaricomycetes), Against Human Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation and Aortic Endothelial Cell Damage.
PubMed:A Retrospective Study in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: Diabetic Risk Factor Response to Daily Consumption of Agaricus bisporus (White Button Mushrooms).
PubMed:Food-derived hydrophilic antioxidant ergothioneine is distributed to the brain and exerts antidepressant effect in mice.
PubMed:Ergothioneine oxidation in the protection against high-glucose induced endothelial senescence: Involvement of SIRT1 and SIRT6.
PubMed:Simultaneous determination of the main amino thiol and thione in human whole blood by CE and LC.
PubMed:A mutation in SLC22A4 encoding an organic cation transporter expressed in the cochlea strial endothelium causes human recessive non-syndromic hearing loss DFNB60.
PubMed:Localization of Xenobiotic Transporter OCTN1/SLC22A4 in Hepatic Stellate Cells and Its Protective Role in Liver Fibrosis.
PubMed:Diverse fission yeast genes required for responding to oxidative and metal stress: Comparative analysis of glutathione-related and other defense gene deletions.
PubMed:Wide tolerance to amino acids substitutions in the OCTN1 ergothioneine transporter.
PubMed:Validation of a HILIC Method for the Analysis of Ergothioneine in Fermentation Broth.
PubMed:The human organic cation transporter OCT1 mediates high affinity uptake of the anticancer drug daunorubicin.
PubMed:Ergothioneine Maintains Redox and Bioenergetic Homeostasis Essential for Drug Susceptibility and Virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
PubMed:Ergothioneine, an adaptive antioxidant for the protection of injured tissues? A hypothesis.
PubMed:Oxidative-stress detoxification and signalling in cyanobacteria: the crucial glutathione synthesis pathway supports the production of ergothioneine and ophthalmate.
PubMed:Plasma protein thiols: an early marker of oxidative stress in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
PubMed:Conversion of a non-heme iron-dependent sulfoxide synthase into a thiol dioxygenase by a single point mutation.
PubMed:Liver ergothioneine accumulation in a guinea pig model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. A possible mechanism of defence?
PubMed:Growth and metabolism of Beauveria bassiana spores and mycelia.
PubMed:Production of ergothioneine by Methylobacterium species.
PubMed:Submerged Cultivation of Mycelium with High Ergothioneine Content from the Culinary-Medicinal Golden Oyster Mushroom, Pleurotus citrinopileatus (Higher Basidiomycetes).
PubMed:Chemical Composition and Medicinal Value of Fruiting Bodies and Submerged Cultured Mycelia of Caterpillar Medicinal Fungus Cordyceps militaris CBS-132098 (Ascomycetes).
PubMed:L-ergothioneine supplementation during culture improves quality of bovine in vitro-produced embryos.
PubMed:The versatile low-molecular-weight thiols: Beyond cell protection.
PubMed:Amniotic fluid l-ergothioneine concentrations in pregnant sheep after natural mating and transfer of vitrified/thawed in-vitro produced embryos.
PubMed:Dietary modifications in Parkinson's disease: A neuroprotective intervention?
PubMed:A mushroom-derived amino acid, ergothioneine, is a potential inhibitor of inflammation-related DNA halogenation.
PubMed:Regulation of Ergothioneine Biosynthesis and Its Effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Growth and Infectivity.
PubMed:Mechanistic studies of a novel C-S lyase in ergothioneine biosynthesis: the involvement of a sulfenic acid intermediate.
PubMed:The Physiology and Genetics of Oxidative Stress in Mycobacteria.
PubMed:Structure of the Ergothioneine-Biosynthesis Amidohydrolase EgtC.
PubMed:Spithioneines A and B, Two New Bohemamine Derivatives Possessing Ergothioneine Moiety from a Marine-Derived Streptomyces spinoverrucosus.
PubMed:Dermato-protective properties of ergothioneine through induction of Nrf2/ARE-mediated antioxidant genes in UVA-irradiated Human keratinocytes.
PubMed:Organic cation transporter Octn1-mediated uptake of food-derived antioxidant ergothioneine into infiltrating macrophages during intestinal inflammation in mice.
PubMed:Effect of UV-B Irradiation on Physiologically Active Substance Content and Antioxidant Properties of the Medicinal Caterpillar Fungus Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes).
PubMed:Memantine transport by a proton-coupled organic cation antiporter in hCMEC/D3 cells, an in vitro human blood-brain barrier model.
PubMed:Identification of novel biomarkers for Parkinson's disease by metabolomic technologies.
PubMed:Knockout of the ergothioneine transporter ETT in zebrafish results in increased 8-oxoguanine levels.
PubMed:Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Solid-State Fermented Products from a Medicinal Mushroom, Taiwanofungus salmoneus (Higher Basidiomycetes) from Taiwan.
PubMed:Reproductive safety evaluation of L-Ergothioneine.
PubMed:Ergothioneine protects Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) from oxidative stresses.
PubMed:Retracted: 'Ergothioneine represses inflammation and dysfunction in human endothelial cells exposed to oxidized low-density lipoprotein' by Lunna Saing, Yu-Chi Wei and Chih-Jen Tseng.
PubMed:Biochemistry: Elusive source of sulfur unravelled.
PubMed:Metabolic coupling of two small-molecule thiols programs the biosynthesis of lincomycin A.
PubMed:Structure of the sulfoxide synthase EgtB from the ergothioneine biosynthetic pathway.
PubMed:Ergothioneine produces relaxation in isolated rat aorta by inactivating superoxide anion.
PubMed:An uncommon redox behavior sheds light on the cellular antioxidant properties of ergothioneine.
PubMed:Improved synthesis of the super antioxidant, ergothioneine, and its biosynthetic pathway intermediates.
PubMed:Endogenous ergothioneine is required for wild type levels of conidiogenesis and conidial survival but does not protect against 254 nm UV-induced mutagenesis or kill.
PubMed:Ergothioneine biosynthetic methyltransferase EgtD reveals the structural basis of aromatic amino acid betaine biosynthesis.
PubMed:Bioinformatic and biochemical characterizations of C-S bond formation and cleavage enzymes in the fungus Neurospora crassa ergothioneine biosynthetic pathway.
PubMed:Structural insights into the histidine trimethylation activity of EgtD from Mycobacterium smegmatis.
PubMed:Ultra-performance liquid chromatographic determination of L-ergothioneine in commercially available classes of cow milk.
PubMed:The evolutionary history of the genes involved in the biosynthesis of the antioxidant ergothioneine.
PubMed:Protective effect of trehalose-loaded liposomes against UVB-induced photodamage in human keratinocytes.
PubMed:Uptake and protective effects of ergothioneine in human endothelial cells.
PubMed:Chemical composition and nutritional and medicinal value of fruit bodies and submerged cultured mycelia of culinary-medicinal higher Basidiomycetes mushrooms.
PubMed:Different concentrations of cysteamine and ergothioneine improve microscopic and oxidative parameters in ram semen frozen with a soybean lecithin extender.
PubMed:Genetic and metabolomic dissection of the ergothioneine and selenoneine biosynthetic pathway in the fission yeast, S. pombe, and construction of an overproduction system.
PubMed:Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the ergothioneine-biosynthetic methyltransferase EgtD.
PubMed:Mushrooms and Health Summit proceedings.
PubMed:Physicochemical responses and quality changes of red sea bream (Pagrosomus major) to gum arabic coating enriched with ergothioneine treatment during refrigerated storage.
PubMed:Ergothioneine and melatonin attenuate oxidative stress and protect against learning and memory deficits in C57BL/6J mice treated with D-galactose.
PubMed:Cysteine oxidation reactions catalyzed by a mononuclear non-heme iron enzyme (OvoA) in ovothiol biosynthesis.
PubMed:Antioxidant property of edible mushrooms collected from Ethiopia.
PubMed:Effects of UV-B Radiation Levels on Concentrations of Phytosterols, Ergothioneine, and Polyphenolic Compounds in Mushroom Powders Used As Dietary Supplements.
PubMed:Organic cation transporter-mediated ergothioneine uptake in mouse neural progenitor cells suppresses proliferation and promotes differentiation into neurons.
PubMed:The cell line NCl-H441 is a useful in vitro model for transport studies of human distal lung epithelial barrier.
PubMed:Clinical and biochemical correlates of serum L-ergothioneine concentrations in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults.
PubMed:Effect of mushroom diet on pharmacokinetics of gabapentin in healthy Chinese subjects.
PubMed:Knockout of a putative ergothioneine transporter in Caenorhabditis elegans decreases lifespan and increases susceptibility to oxidative damage.
PubMed:Regioselectivity of the oxidative C-S bond formation in ergothioneine and ovothiol biosyntheses.
PubMed:Plasma L-ergothioneine measurement by high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis after a pre-column derivatization with 5-iodoacetamidofluorescein (5-IAF) and fluorescence detection.
PubMed:Thiohistidine biosynthesis.
PubMed:Metabolic effect of an exogenous gene on transgenic Beauveria bassiana using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics.
PubMed:Effect of shiitake (Lentinus edodes) extract on antioxidant and inflammatory response to prolonged eccentric exercise.
PubMed:In vivo evidence of organic cation transporter-mediated tracheal accumulation of the anticholinergic agent ipratropium in mice.
PubMed:Involvement of carnitine/organic cation transporter OCTN1/SLC22A4 in gastrointestinal absorption of metformin.
PubMed:Functional analysis of novel variants in the organic cation/ergothioneine transporter 1 identified in Singapore populations.
PubMed:Comparative study of contents of several bioactive components in fruiting bodies and mycelia of culinary-medicinal mushrooms.
PubMed:Antioxidant properties of fruiting bodies, mycelia, and fermented products of the culinary-medicinal king oyster mushroom, Pleurotus eryngii (higher Basidiomycetes), with high ergothioneine content.
PubMed:Ergothioneine is a secreted antioxidant in Mycobacterium smegmatis.
PubMed:A density functional theory investigation into the binding of the antioxidants ergothioneine and ovothiol to copper.
PubMed:Submerged cultivation of mycelium with high ergothioneine content from the culinary-medicinal king oyster mushroom Pleurotus eryngii (higher Basidiomycetes) and its composition.
PubMed:Large-scale neurochemical metabolomics analysis identifies multiple compounds associated with methamphetamine exposure.
PubMed:Quantification of L-ergothioneine in human plasma and erythrocytes by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Quantification of L-ergothioneine in whole blood by hydrophilic interaction ultra-performance liquid chromatography and UV-detection.
PubMed:Metabolomic analysis of fission yeast at the onset of nitrogen starvation.
PubMed:Quality of bread supplemented with mushroom mycelia.
PubMed:Genotoxic and mutagenic effects of lipid-coated CdSe/ZnS quantum dots.
PubMed:Metabolic footprinting of mutant libraries to map metabolite utilization to genotype.
PubMed:Glutathione analogs in prokaryotes.
PubMed:Characterization of ergothionase from Burkholderia sp. HME13 and its application to enzymatic quantification of ergothioneine.
PubMed:Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants and metabolic modulators as pharmacological interventions to slow ageing.
PubMed:Pharmacological and dietary antioxidant therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
PubMed:Functional expression of carnitine/organic cation transporter OCTN1 in mouse brain neurons: possible involvement in neuronal differentiation.
PubMed:Ergothioneine protects against neuronal injury induced by β-amyloid in mice.
PubMed:The Aspergillus fumigatus protein GliK protects against oxidative stress and is essential for gliotoxin biosynthesis.
PubMed:A rapid HPLC post-column reaction analysis for the quantification of ergothioneine in edible mushrooms and in animals fed a diet supplemented with extracts from the processing waste of cultivated mushrooms.
PubMed:Functional benefits of ergothioneine and fruit- and vegetable-derived nutraceuticals: overview of the supplemental issue contents.
PubMed:Improvement of joint range of motion (ROM) and reduction of chronic pain after consumption of an ergothioneine-containing nutritional supplement.
PubMed:Preparation of culinary-medicinal king oyster mushroom Pleurotus eryngii-fermented products with high ergothioneine content and their taste quality.
PubMed:The bioavailability of ergothioneine from mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) and the acute effects on antioxidant capacity and biomarkers of inflammation.
PubMed:The Neurospora crassa mutant NcΔEgt-1 identifies an ergothioneine biosynthetic gene and demonstrates that ergothioneine enhances conidial survival and protects against peroxide toxicity during conidial germination.
PubMed:Preparation of Chaga medicinal mushroom, Inonotus obliquus-fermented rice using solid-state fermentation and its taste quality and antioxidant property.
PubMed:Comparative study of contents of several bioactive components in fruiting bodies and mycelia of culinary-medicinal mushrooms.
PubMed:Effect of ergothioneine on acute lung injury and inflammation in cytokine insufflated rats.
PubMed:The ergothioneine transporter controls and indicates ergothioneine activity--a review.
PubMed:Pharmacological antioxidant strategies as therapeutic interventions for COPD.
PubMed:Paramount levels of ergothioneine transporter SLC22A4 mRNA in boar seminal vesicles and cross-species analysis of ergothioneine and glutathione in seminal plasma.
PubMed:Kinetics of ergothioneine inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase.
PubMed:Ergothioneine; antioxidant potential, physiological function and role in disease.
PubMed:Functional characterization of apical transporters expressed in rat proximal tubular cells (PTCs) in primary culture.
PubMed:Genotype-phenotype correlation in primary carnitine deficiency.
PubMed:Alterations of red blood cell metabolome in overhydrated hereditary stomatocytosis.
PubMed:Synthesis, transport and mechanism of a type I prodrug: L-carnitine ester of prednisolone.
PubMed:Crohn's disease and genetic hitchhiking at IBD5.
PubMed:The effect of ergothioneine on clastogenic potential and mutagenic activity: genotoxicity evaluation.
PubMed:Reconstitution in liposomes of the functionally active human OCTN1 (SLC22A4) transporter overexpressed in Escherichia coli.
PubMed:Oxaliplatin transport mediated by organic cation/carnitine transporters OCTN1 and OCTN2 in overexpressing human embryonic kidney 293 cells and rat dorsal root ganglion neurons.
PubMed:Discovery of the strong antioxidant selenoneine in tuna and selenium redox metabolism.
PubMed:Edible mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) extract inhibits melanosis in Kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus).
PubMed:Effects of cysteine and ergothioneine on post-thawed Merino ram sperm and biochemical parameters.
PubMed:Organic hydroperoxide resistance protein and ergothioneine compensate for loss of mycothiol in Mycobacterium smegmatis mutants.
PubMed:Identification in human urine and blood of a novel selenium metabolite, Se-methylselenoneine, a potential biomarker of metabolization in mammals of the naturally occurring selenoneine, by HPLC coupled to electrospray hybrid linear ion trap-orbital ion trap MS.
PubMed:Specific biomarkers for stochastic division patterns and starvation-induced quiescence under limited glucose levels in fission yeast.
PubMed:Chemical Research in Toxicology. In this issue.
PubMed:The bioactive agent ergothioneine, a key component of dietary mushrooms, inhibits monocyte binding to endothelial cells characteristic of early cardiovascular disease.
PubMed:Ergothioneine prevents copper-induced oxidative damage to DNA and protein by forming a redox-inactive ergothioneine-copper complex.
PubMed:Effectiveness of sulfur-containing antioxidants in delaying skeletal muscle fatigue.
PubMed:Ergothioneine protects against neuronal injury induced by cisplatin both in vitro and in vivo.
PubMed:Top 10 botanical ingredients in 2010 anti-aging creams.
PubMed:Antioxidant defence system of boar cauda epididymidal spermatozoa and reproductive tract fluids.
PubMed:Evaluation of the safety of the dietary antioxidant ergothioneine using the bacterial reverse mutation assay.
PubMed:Functional expression of carnitine/organic cation transporter OCTN1/SLC22A4 in mouse small intestine and liver.
PubMed:Value-added use of mushroom ergothioneine as a colour stabilizer in processed fish meats.
PubMed:Involvement of an influx transporter in the blood-brain barrier transport of naloxone.
PubMed:In vitro reconstitution of Mycobacterial ergothioneine biosynthesis.
PubMed:Identification of a novel selenium-containing compound, selenoneine, as the predominant chemical form of organic selenium in the blood of bluefin tuna.
PubMed:Antioxidative activities of hydrophilic extracts prepared from the fruiting body and spent culture medium of Flammulina velutipes.
PubMed:Gene knockout and metabolome analysis of carnitine/organic cation transporter OCTN1.
PubMed:Effects of ergothioneine from mushrooms (Flammulina velutipes) on melanosis and lipid oxidation of kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus).
PubMed:The unusual amino acid L-ergothioneine is a physiologic cytoprotectant.
PubMed:Genetic variations of the SLC22A4 gene in Chinese and Indian populations of Singapore.
PubMed:Substrate discrimination by ergothioneine transporter SLC22A4 and carnitine transporter SLC22A5: gain-of-function by interchange of selected amino acids.
PubMed:Metabonomic characterization of aging and investigation on the anti-aging effects of total flavones of Epimedium.
PubMed:Imidazole-based erythrocyte markers of oxidative stress in preeclampsia--an NMR investigation.
PubMed:Modulation of palmitic acid-induced cell death by ergothioneine: evidence of an anti-inflammatory action.
PubMed:[Studies on chemical constituents of Tylopilus plumbeoviolaceus].
PubMed:Characteristics of antioxidant system in dog semen.
PubMed:Skin cells and tissue are capable of using L-ergothioneine as an integral component of their antioxidant defense system.
PubMed:Antioxidative activities of mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) extract added to bigeye tuna meat: dose-dependent efficacy and comparison with other biological antioxidants.
PubMed:Ergothioneine contents in fruiting bodies and their enhancement in mycelial cultures by the addition of methionine.
PubMed:Functional genetic variation in the basal promoter of the organic cation/carnitine transporters OCTN1 (SLC22A4) and OCTN2 (SLC22A5).
PubMed:Increased ergothioneine tissue concentrations in carriers of the Crohn's disease risk-associated 503F variant of the organic cation transporter OCTN1.
PubMed:The metallothionein/thionein system: an oxidoreductive metabolic zinc link.
PubMed:The carnitine transporter SLC22A5 is not a general drug transporter, but it efficiently translocates mildronate.
PubMed:Partial oxidation and oxidative polymerization of metallothionein.
PubMed:Antioxidative activity and antidiscoloration efficacy of ergothioneine in mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) extract added to beef and fish meats.
PubMed:Characterization of a mycothiol ligase mutant of Rhodococcus jostii RHA1.
PubMed:Supplementation of methionine enhanced the ergothioneine accumulation in the Ganoderma neo-japonicum mycelia.
PubMed:Functional characterization of ergothioneine transport by rat organic cation/carnitine transporter Octn1 (slc22a4).
PubMed:Involvement of the pyrilamine transporter, a putative organic cation transporter, in blood-brain barrier transport of oxycodone.
PubMed:Genotoxicity of visible light (400-800 nm) and photoprotection assessment of ectoin, L-ergothioneine and mannitol and four sunscreens.
PubMed:Antioxidants block proteasome inhibitor function in endometrial carcinoma cells.
PubMed:Catalysis of zinc transfer by D-penicillamine to secondary chelators.
PubMed:A comparison of the relative antioxidant potency of L-ergothioneine and idebenone.
PubMed:Effects of low oxygen levels on the expression and function of transporter OCTN2 in BeWo cells.
PubMed:Functional effects of protein sequence polymorphisms in the organic cation/ergothioneine transporter OCTN1 (SLC22A4).
PubMed:Dual nanomolar and picomolar Zn(II) binding properties of metallothionein.
PubMed:Dietary sources and antioxidant effects of ergothioneine.
PubMed:Ergothioneine modulates proinflammatory cytokines and heat shock protein 70 in mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion injury.
PubMed:Probing the substrate specificity of the ergothioneine transporter with methimazole, hercynine, and organic cations.
PubMed:A hydroquinone formulation with increased stability and decreased potential for irritation.
PubMed:Decreased proliferation and erythroid differentiation of K562 cells by siRNA-induced depression of OCTN1 (SLC22A4) transporter gene.
PubMed:Different redox states of metallothionein/thionein in biological tissue.
PubMed:A scent of therapy: pharmacological implications of natural products containing redox-active sulfur atoms.
PubMed:Association of rheumatoid arthritis with ergothioneine levels in red blood cells: a case control study.
PubMed:Activity of the dietary antioxidant ergothioneine in a virus gene-based assay for inhibitors of HIV transcription.
PubMed:An in vitro study on the free radical scavenging capacity of ergothioneine: comparison with reduced glutathione, uric acid and trolox.
PubMed:Zinc-buffering capacity of a eukaryotic cell at physiological pZn.
PubMed:Pharmacological characterization of the ergot alkaloid receptor in the salivary gland of the ixodid tick Amblyomma hebraeum.
PubMed:Antioxidant therapeutic targets in COPD.
PubMed:Thionein can serve as a reducing agent for the methionine sulfoxide reductases.
PubMed:Modulation of hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage, MAPKs activation and cell death in PC12 by ergothioneine.
PubMed:Functional role of the 503F variant of the organic cation transporter OCTN1 in Crohn's disease.
PubMed:Phenolics as potential antioxidant therapeutic agents: mechanism and actions.
PubMed:Domain-specific fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) sensors of metallothionein/thionein.
PubMed:Evaluation of photolyase (Photosome) repair activity in human keratinocytes after a single dose of ultraviolet B irradiation using the comet assay.
PubMed:Toxicity and detoxification of lipid-derived aldehydes in cultured retinal pigmented epithelial cells.
PubMed:Discovery of the ergothioneine transporter.
PubMed:L-Ergothioneine scavenges superoxide and singlet oxygen and suppresses TNF-alpha and MMP-1 expression in UV-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts.
PubMed:Biological chemistry of naturally occurring thiols of microbial and marine origin.
PubMed:beta-Hydroxyergothioneine, a new ergothioneine derivative from the mushroom Lyophyllum connatum, and its protective activity against carbon tetrachloride-induced injury in primary culture hepatocytes.
PubMed:Ab initio studies of the properties of intracellular thiols ergothioneine and ovothiol.
PubMed:The interaction of selected natural products with human recombinant glutathione transferases.
PubMed:Ergothioneine pretreatment protects the liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by increasing hepatic heat shock protein 70.
PubMed:The use of ozone as an oxidizing agent to evaluate antioxidant activities of natural substrates.
PubMed:Ergothioneine rescues PC12 cells from beta-amyloid-induced apoptotic death.
PubMed:L-ergothioneine modulates oxidative damage in the kidney and liver of rats in vivo: studies upon the profile of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
PubMed:Kinetic study on the reaction of cisplatin with metallothionein.
PubMed:Cellular zinc and redox states converge in the metallothionein/thionein pair.
PubMed:Ergothioneine inhibits oxidative stress- and TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappa B activation and interleukin-8 release in alveolar epithelial cells.
PubMed:Effects of ergothioneine on diabetic embryopathy in pregnant rats.
PubMed:Doxorubicin-dependent reduction of ferrylmyoglobin and inhibition of lipid peroxidation: implications for cardiotoxicity of anticancer anthracyclines.
PubMed:Ergothioneine treatment protects neurons against N-methyl-D-aspartate excitotoxicity in an in vivo rat retinal model.
PubMed:Nitric oxide-induced changes in intracellular zinc homeostasis are mediated by metallothionein/thionein.
PubMed:Comparative (13)C and (31)P NMR studies of the ligand exchange reactions of auranofin with ergothionine, imidazolidine-2-thione and diazinane-2-thione.
PubMed:Novel thiols of prokaryotes.
PubMed:Role of ergothioneine on S-nitrosoglutathione catabolism.
PubMed:L-ergothioneine level in red blood cells of healthy human males in the Western province of Saudi Arabia.
PubMed:Protection against oxidative damage and cell death by the natural antioxidant ergothioneine.
PubMed:Intracellular antioxidants: from chemical to biochemical mechanisms.
PubMed:Uptake and antioxidant effects of ergothioneine in human erythrocytes.
PubMed:Metabolic transformation of neuropeptide carnosine modifies its biological activity.
PubMed:Molecular crowding and viscosity as determinants of translational diffusion of metabolites in subcellular organelles.
PubMed:Thiols and disulphides can aggravate peroxynitrite-dependent inactivation of alpha1-antiproteinase.
PubMed:Ergothioneine distribution in bovine and porcine ocular tissues.
PubMed:Quenching of singlet molecular oxygen by carnosine and related antioxidants. Monitoring 1270-nm phosphorescence in aqueous media.
PubMed:Antioxidant action of ergothioneine: assessment of its ability to scavenge peroxynitrite.
PubMed:One-electron oxidation of ergothioneine and analogues investigated by pulse radiolysis: redox reaction involving ergothioneine and vitamin C.
PubMed:In vitro administration of ergothioneine failed to protect isolated ischaemic and reperfused rabbit heart.
PubMed:Heterocyclic thiols as antioxidants: why ovothiol C is a better antioxidant than ergothioneine.
PubMed:Identification and zinc dependence of the bovine herpesvirus 1 transactivator protein BICP0.
PubMed:In vitro ergothioneine administration failed to protect isolated ischaemic and reperfused rabbit heart.
PubMed:Stability and nonreactivity of ergothioneine in human erythrocytes studied by 1H NMR.
PubMed:Low-molecular-weight thiols in streptomycetes and their potential role as antioxidants.
PubMed:UV-radiation protecting efficacy of thiols, studied with UVA-induced binding of 8-MOP and CPZ to rat epidermal biomacromolecules in vivo.
PubMed:Thiols as potential UV radiation protectors: an in vitro study.
PubMed:Effects of thiols on prostaglandin synthesis in bovine bladder epithelium.
PubMed:Direct interception of mutagens and carcinogens by biomolecules.
PubMed:Reduction of sperm whale ferrylmyoglobin by endogenous reducing agents: potential reducible loci of ferrylmyoglobin.
PubMed:Copper and cobalt complexes of carnosine and anserine: production of active oxygen species and its enhancement by 2-mercaptoimidazoles.
PubMed:Possible mechanism of inhibition of nitrite-induced oxidation of oxyhemoglobin by ergothioneine and uric acid.
PubMed:Inhibition by thiols of copper(II)-induced oxidation of oxyhemoglobin.
PubMed:Stimulation of mucosal uptake of selenium from selenite by some thiols at various sites of rat intestine.
PubMed:Effects of various chemical compounds on spontaneous and hydrogen peroxide-induced reversion in strain TA104 of Salmonella typhimurium.
PubMed:The 13C NMR study of the binding of gold(I) thiomalate with ergothionine in aqueous solution.
PubMed:The reactivity of thiols and disulfides with different redox states of myoglobin. Redox and addition reactions and formation of thiyl radical intermediates.
PubMed:Zinc transfer from transcription factor IIIA fingers to thionein clusters.
PubMed:Clinical analysis in intact erythrocytes using 1H spin echo NMR.
PubMed:Measurement of biological thiols and disulfides by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection of silver mercaptide formation.
PubMed:The antioxidant action of ergothioneine.
PubMed:Activity of thiols as singlet molecular oxygen quenchers.
PubMed:Reduction of ferrylmyoglobin in rat diaphragm.
PubMed:The reduction of ferryl myoglobin by ergothioneine: a novel function for ergothioneine.
PubMed:Scavenging of singlet molecular oxygen by imidazole compounds: high and sustained activities of carboxy terminal histidine dipeptides and exceptional activity of imidazole-4-acetic acid.
PubMed:Ergothioneine as antioxidant.
PubMed:Detection of ferryl myoglobin in the isolated ischemic rat heart.
PubMed:In search of a physiological function for L-ergothioneine--II.
PubMed:Photodynamic production of superoxide in vitro by altertoxins in the presence of reducing agents.
PubMed:Determination of ergothioneine in red blood cells by high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Study of the ergothioneine concentration in the blood of individuals with diabetes mellitus.
PubMed:Cellular response to oxidative stress at sulfhydryl group receptor sites on the erythrocyte membrane.
PubMed:Ergothioneine, histidine, and two naturally occurring histidine dipeptides as radioprotectors against gamma-irradiation inactivation of bacteriophages T4 and P22.
PubMed:Spin-echo 1H NMR detected response of ergothioneine to oxidative stress in the intact human erythrocyte.
PubMed:Control of ram sperm adenylate cyclase by divalent cations.
PubMed:Analysis of the physiological processes connected with sexual maturation of stallions.
PubMed:Interception of some direct-acting mutagens by ergothioneine.
PubMed:Thiol-induced hydroxyl radical formation and scavenger effect of thiocarbamides on hydroxyl radicals.
PubMed:Interception of toxic agents/mutagens/carcinogens: some of nature's novel strategies.
PubMed:In search of a physiological function for L-ergothioneine.
PubMed:Direct observation of the NAD glycohydrolase reaction in human erythrocytes using NMR spectroscopy.
PubMed:Characteristics of Mycoplasma strains isolated from stallion semen.
PubMed:Occurrence and synthesis of a non-thionein, zinc-binding protein in the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri).
PubMed:Effect of MPG on glucocorticoid-induced cataract formation in developing chick embryo.
PubMed:Assay of biological thiols by a combination of high-performance liquid chromatography and postcolumn reaction with 6,6'-dithiodinicotinic acid.
PubMed:Cell volume dependence of 1H spin-echo NMR signals in human erythrocyte suspensions. The influence of in situ field gradients.
PubMed:Lithium, red blood cell choline and clinical state. A prospective study in manic-depressive patients.
PubMed:The protective role of thiol reducing agents in the in vitro inhibition of rat liver DNA methylase by direct acting carcinogens.
PubMed:The role of ergothioneine in the oxidation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide by metmyoglobin or methemoglobin.
PubMed:Studies on ergothioneine. XI. Inhibitory effect on lipid peroxide formation in mouse liver.
PubMed:Studies on ergothioneine. X. Effects of ergothioneine on the hepatic drug metabolizing enzyme system and on experimental hepatic injury in rats.
PubMed:Effect of acute stresses on Zn-thionein production in rat liver.
PubMed:Proton NMR studies of creatine in human erythrocytes.
PubMed:Cysteine as precursor and sulfur donor in the biosynthesis of natural sulfur-containing compounds.
PubMed:A proton nuclear magnetic resonance study of the interaction of mercury with intact human erythrocytes.
PubMed:The role of dietary ergothioneine in the development of diabetes mellitus.
PubMed:Studies on ergothioneine. VII. Some effects on ergothioneine on glycolytic metabolism in red blood cells from rats.
PubMed:Studies on ergothioneine. VIII. Preventive effects of ergothioneine on cadmium-induced teratogenesis.
PubMed:Studies on ergothioneine. VI. Distribution and fluctuations of ergothioneine in rats.
PubMed:A proton nuclear magnetic resonance study of the binding of methylmercury in human erythrocytes.
PubMed:Estimation of thionein synthesis in cultured cells by slab gel electrophoresis.
PubMed:Passage of chemicals into human and animal semen: mechanisms and significance.
PubMed:Effect of adrenergic neurotransmitters upon the ejaculatory process in the stallion.
PubMed:Zinc(II), cadmium(II), and mercury(II) thiolate transitions in metallothionein.
PubMed:Metabolism of zinc and copper in the neonate: effect of cadmium administration during late gestation in the rat on the zinc and copper metabolism of the newborn.
PubMed:Ergothioneine content in normal and senile human cataractous lenses.
PubMed:[Covalent chromatography of Mytilus edulis L. thioneine using thiosepharose 4B].
PubMed:Effect of various compounds on the reaction of tris-(2-chloroethyl)amine with ribonucleic acid in vitro and on its toxicity in mice.
PubMed:Quantitative determination of ergothioneine in plasma and tissues by TLC-densitometry.
PubMed:Effects of ergothioneine, cysteine, and glutathione on nitrosation of secondary amines under physiologic conditions.
PubMed:Isolation of a (copper, zinc)-thionein from the small intestine of neonatal rats.
PubMed:[Studies of sulfhemoglobin formation by various drugs (4). Influences of various antidotes on chemically induced methemoglobinemia and sulfhemoglobinemia (author's transl)].
PubMed:Analysis of biological thiols: derivatization with monobromotrimethylammoniobimane and characterization by electrophoresis and chromatography.
PubMed:Aqueous solutions of some basic dyes--their use in the cytochemical detection of DNA.
PubMed:The effect of adrenalectomy on zinc thionein levels in rat liver.
PubMed:Dose dependent formation of zinc-thionein in livers and kidneys of rats and mice by zinc injection.
PubMed:Oxidation-reduction reactions of copper-thiolate centres in Cu-thionein.
PubMed:Metabolic similarities between fertilization and phagocytosis. Conservation of a peroxidatic mechanism.
PubMed:[Seasonal changes in spermatozoas and fertility of stallions in the tropics].
PubMed:Early cellular effects of circulating cadmium-thionein on kidney proximal tubules.
PubMed:Cadmium, an effector in the synthesis of thionein.
PubMed:Regulation of zinc absorption: role of intracellular ligands.
PubMed:The effect of vesiculectomy on seminal characteristics in the stallion.
PubMed:Studies on ergothioneine. V. Determination by high performance liquid chromatography and application to metabolic research.
PubMed:The 4-hydroxybenzoate/4-aminophenazone chromogenic system used in the enzymic determination of serum cholesterol.
PubMed:[Ergothioneine and reduced ergothioneine/glutathione (GSH) ratio in erythrocytes of patients with cystinosis and in heterozygotes].
PubMed:Methallothioneins and their role in the metabolism and toxicity of metals.
PubMed:[Selective photooxidation of methionine, tyrosine and tryptophane using thionine and toluidine blue as sensitizers (author's transl)].
PubMed:Radioprotective effect of ergothioneine on gamma-irradiation of metmyoglobin: comparison with cysteine on sulfmyoglobin-formation.
PubMed:Homologous copper(I)-(thiolate)2-chromophores in yeast copper thionein.
PubMed:Acid dissociation of 2-mercaptohistamine and its related compounds.
PubMed:[The pafs method for the diagnosis of intestinal parasites (author's transl)].
PubMed:Copper-thionein from fetal bovine liver.
PubMed:Complexing of copper ion by ergothioneine.
PubMed:Letter: Zinc-thionein and heritable disorders associated with aberrant zinc metabolism.
PubMed:Cadmium-thionein and the protection by cadmium against the nephrotoxicity of mercury.
PubMed:[Central action of ergothioneine (author's transl)].
PubMed:Characteristics of the successive jets of ejaculated semen of stallions.
PubMed:Biochemistry of stallion semen.
PubMed:Metabolism of intravenously injected cadmium-binding protein.
PubMed:The inductive effect of cadmium on protein synthesis of rat intestine.
PubMed:Metal contaminants in commercial thiazine dyes.
PubMed:[Relationship of citric acid concentration to various quality indices of the equine ejaculate].
PubMed:Metabolism and toxicity of aliphatic amines.
PubMed:The effect of divalent cations on bovine spermatozoal adenylate cyclase activity.
PubMed:Analysis of the pattern of ejaculation in stallions.
PubMed:[Congenital and acquired methemoglobinemias in children].
PubMed:Participation of an intermediate sulfoxide in the enzymatic thiolation of the imidazole ring of hercynine to form ergothioneine.
PubMed:A convenient spectrophotometric assay for the determination of L-ergothioneine in blood.
PubMed:Reactions of L-ergothioneine and some other aminothiones with2,2'-and 4,4'-dipyridyl disulphides and of L-ergothioneine with iodoacetamide. 2-Mercaptoimidazoles, 2- and 4-thiopyridones, thiourea and thioacetamide as highly reactive neutral sulphur nucleophils.
PubMed:Studies on the identity of the optic nerve transmitter.
PubMed:The inhibitory effect of phenothiazine stains on rat and guinea-pig mast cell damage induced by antihistamines and compound 48-80.
PubMed:Anticonvulsant effects of uridine: comparative analysis of metrazol and penicillin induced foci.
PubMed:Studies on the staining of deoxyribonucleic acid with basic dyes by a modified Feulgen procedure.
PubMed:Studies on the binding of methylmercury by thionein.
PubMed:[Studies on ergothioneine. IV. Effect of ergothioneine upon spermatozoa from guinea pig].
PubMed:The biological regulation of copper homeostasis in the rat.
PubMed:Relation between the oxidation state of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide and the metabolism of spermatozoa.
PubMed:Fate of seminal plasma after intrauterine insemination in the pig.
PubMed:Ergothioneine in the central nervous system.
PubMed:Automated determination of uric acid, with use of a uricase-peroxidase system.
PubMed:Interaction of ergothioneine with metal ions and metalloenzymes.
PubMed:[Investigations of the interdependence between the ergothioneine concentration and fetal hemoglobin concentration in cord blood samples].
PubMed:A uterine fluid-mediated sperm-inhibitory system.
PubMed:Biochemical studies on acrylamide, a neurotoxic agent.
PubMed:Ultraviolet-absorbing compounds in urine of normal newborns and young children.
PubMed:Biosynthesis of ergothioneine and hercynine by fungi and Actinomycetales.
PubMed:Cerebellar granule cells in vitro. A light and electron microscope study.
PubMed:[Newborn infant maturity morphological features versus fetal hemoglobin and umbilical blood ergothioneine level].
PubMed:Conversion of histidine to hercynine by Neurospora crassa.
PubMed:Effect of carnitine and ergothioneine on human platelet metabolism.
PubMed:Delayed lysis with salmonella bacteriophage p22: induction of lysis by addition of cysteine or histidine to the growth medium.
PubMed:Transneuronal degeneration in brains of monkeys asphyxiated at birth.
PubMed:[On the nature of Feyter's rhodiochrome reaction].
PubMed:[A silver-thionine method for brain tumors].
PubMed:A new route to the imidazole-2-thiones from 2-thiohydantoins. Implications in the study of ergothioneine.
PubMed:Determination of urinary constituents in solutions by least-squares resolution of ultraviolet spectrums.
PubMed:Biosynthesis of ergothioneine from endogenous hercynine in Mycobacterium smegmatis.
PubMed:Chemical mediators in the central nervous system.
PubMed:Synaptic transmission in the central nervous system and its relevance for drug action.
PubMed:On the morphology and subdivision of the cerebellar nuclei of the rat.
PubMed:[Determination of ergothioneine in human blood cells].
PubMed:Effects of tremorine and harmine in the chick.
PubMed:A comparison of the actions of ergothioneine and chlorpromazine applied to single neurones by two different methods.
PubMed:Isolation and some properties of human metallothionein.
PubMed:[Different hyperglutathionemic responses in rabbits administered high amounts of sodium or potassium or glucose].
PubMed:The presence of ergothioneine in the central nervous system and its probable identity with the cerebellar factor.
PubMed:Acetylcholine sensitivity of cerebellar neurones.
PubMed:A COLORIMETRIC MICRO-METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF GLUTATHIONE.
PubMed:ERGOYHIONEINE AND CENTRAL NEURONES.
PubMed:THE ASCORBIC ACID-DEPENDENT OXIDATION OF REDUCED NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE BY CILIARY AND RETINAL MICROSOMES.
PubMed:[Xanthochrome pigments and ergothioneine in the interstitial cells of equine fetal gonads].
PubMed:IDENTITY OF THE CEREBELLAR FACTOR.
PubMed:DISSOCIATION CONSTANTS AND STRUCTURE OF ERGOTHIONEINE.
PubMed:EFFECT OF THIOL COMPOUNDS ON SULPHAEMOGLOBIN FORMATION.
PubMed:COENZYME A-INDUCED INHIBITION OF CONVERSION OF PALMITIC ACID TO KETONE BODIES IN RAT LIVER HOMOGENATES.
PubMed:BIOSYNTHESIS OF ERGOTHIONEINE AND HERCYNINE BY MYCOBACTERIA.
PubMed:SYNTHESIS IN VITRO OF THYROXINE FROM DIIODOTYROSINE BY MYELOPEROXIDASE AND BY A CELL-FREE PREPARATION OF BEEF THYROID GLANDS. II. FLAVIN MONONUCLEOTIDE AND MN2+ SYSTEM.
PubMed:[DETERMINATION OF ERYTHROCYTE GLUTATHIONE BY AN AROMATIC NITRO DISULFIDE: 5,5'-DITHIOBIS-(2-NITROBENZOIC) ACID].
PubMed:RADIATION PROTECTIVE EFFECT AND PHARMACOLOGICALLY CHANGED ACTIVITY OF THE RETICULO-ENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM.
PubMed:QUININE DIMORPHISM: A CARDINAL DETERMINANT OF TASTE SENSITIVITY.
PubMed:BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE PROSTATE GLAND AND ITS SECRETION.
PubMed:SYNTHESIS IN VITRO OF THYROXINE FROM DIIODOTYROSINE BY MYELOPEROXIDASE AND BY A CELL-FREE PREPARATION OF BEEF THYROID GLANDS. I. GLUCOSE-GLUCOSE OXIDASE SYSTEM.
PubMed:METHAEMOGLOBIN FORMATION INDUCED BY THIOLS.
PubMed:[COMPOSITION AND CHEMICOPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EQUINE SPERM].
PubMed:DEGRADATION OF ERGOTHIONEINE BY CELL-FREE EXTRACTS OF ALCALIGENES FAECALIS. II. PRODUCTION OF GLUTAMIC ACID.
PubMed:An ergothioneine-dependent oxidation of reduced pyridine nucleotides by methemoglobin and metmyoglobin. Stimulation by thyroxine.
PubMed:Some new compounds in the lens.
PubMed:The reaction sequence in ergothioneine biosynthesis: hercynine as an intermediate.
PubMed:Ergothionase from Escherichia coli.
PubMed:An interrelationship between ergothioneine, certain phenolic hormones and peroxidase.
PubMed:Metabolism studies with DL-[alpha-14C]ergothioneine.
PubMed:Degradation of ergothioneine by cell-free extracts of Alcaligenes faecalis.
PubMed:On the mechanism of Hunter's reaction for the estimation of ergothioneine.
PubMed:[Hormonal regulation of ergothioneine metabolism. II].
PubMed:[Ergothioneine in various functional states of the thyroid].
PubMed:Transmethylation in the biosynthesis of ergothionelne.
PubMed:The enzymic formation of haem by the incorporation of iron into protoporphyrin; importance of ascorbic acid, ergothioneine and glutathione.
PubMed:[Occurrence of herzynine together with ergothioneine in boar ejaculate and cattle erythrocytes and the biological relationship of the two bases].
PubMed:The distribution of ergothioneine in blood as determined by a new method of estimation.
PubMed:Studies on the sulfur metabolism of tissues cultivated in vitro. IV. Ergothioneine, oxidized glutathione, and lanthionine.
PubMed:Biosynthesis of ergothioneine by Claviceps purpurea. 3. The incorporation of labelled histidine.
PubMed:The preparation and properties of ergothioneine disulphide.
PubMed:[Incidence of herzynine, ergothioneine, homarine, trigonelline, glycocoll betaine, choline, trimethylamine, adenine and almost all amino acids of proteins in Limulus polyphemus L].
PubMed:[Ergothioneine and its appearance and role in nature].
PubMed:[Occurrence of ergothioneine in shaggy-mane, Coprinus comatus].
PubMed:Degradation of ergothioneine by Alcaligenes faecalis.
PubMed:The effect of age, sex, and androgen on blood ergothioneine.
PubMed:The biosynthesis of ergothioneine.
PubMed:Further studies on seminal ergothioneine of the pig.
PubMed:Biosynthesis of ergothioneine by Claviceps purpurea. II. Incorporation of [35S]methionine and the non-utilization of [2(ring)-14C]histamine.
PubMed:Biosynthesis of ergothioneine.
PubMed:The biosynthesis of ergothioneine and histidine by Claviceps purpurea. I. The incorporation of [2-14C]acetate.
PubMed:Ergothioneine in microorganisms.
PubMed:Production of ergothioneine by Claviceps purpurea in defined culture.
PubMed:The occurrence of ergothioneine in plant material.
PubMed:Role of ergothioneine and catalase in infection by ergot fungus (Claviceps purpurea Tul.).
PubMed:On the origin of animal ergothioneine.
PubMed:Blood ergothioneine and dietary oats.
PubMed:Studies on the origin of ergothioneine in animals.
PubMed:Ergothioneine in the equine ampullar secretion.
PubMed:Tissue ergothioneine.
PubMed:[Is there a truly efficient way to control periodontitis?].
PubMed:The metabolism of 35S-labelled 2-thiolhistidine and ergothioneine in the rat.
PubMed:Studies using radioactive sulphur on ergothioneine formation in the pig.
PubMed:Blood ergothioneine in the germ-free chicken.
PubMed:Diet and the ergothioneine content of blood.
PubMed:A method for the determination of ergothioneine in blood.
PubMed:Studies on the metabolism of semen. VIII. Ergothioneine as a normal constituent of boar seminal plasma; purification and crystallization; site of formation and function.
PubMed:Levels of ergothioneine in the red blood cell in experimental diabetes.
PubMed:Estimation of ergothioneine in urine, blood and organs by determination of the alkaline perhydrol-labile sulfur.
PubMed:The ergothioneine content of human erythrocytes; the effect of age, race, malignancy, and pregnancy.
PubMed:Some effects of administering ergothioneine to rats.
PubMed:Ergothioneine in the seminal vesicle secretion.
PubMed:Ergothioneine depletion in rabbit erythrocytes and its effect on methemoglobin formation and reversion.
PubMed:Blood ergothioneine levels in euthyroid and hyperthyroid subjects.
PubMed:On ergothioneine in blood and diazo-reacting substances in maize.
PubMed:Blood ergothioneine levels in disease.
PubMed:Specificity and mechanism of the Hunter reaction for ergothioneine.
PubMed:Estimation of blood ergothioneine by determination of brominelabile sulfur.
PubMed:The determination of ergothioneine; the non-occurrence of ergothioneine in urine.
PubMed:Synthesis of ergothioneine.
PubMed:Blood ergothioneine levels in diabetes mellitus.
PubMed:Note on the ergothioneine content of ergot from different plant hosts.
PubMed:The determination of ergothioneine in simple solution and in blood.
PubMed:On ergothioneine; its preparation from blood and ergot.
PubMed:Estimation of ergothioneine in urine by paper partition chromatography.
PubMed:Antithyroid activity of ergothioneine.
PubMed:Blood ergothioneine values in normal individuals and thyrotoxicosis.
PubMed:A colorimetric method for the estimation of ergothioneine in human blood.
PubMed:Antithyroid activity of ergothioneine in man.
PubMed:The antithyroid activity of ergothioneine.
PubMed:A new synthesis of 2-thiolhistidine together with experiments towards the synthesis of ergothioneine.
PubMed:Improved methods for the isolation of methionine and ergothioneine.
PubMed:A note on the isolation of ergothioneine from blood.
PubMed:A note on the determination of ergothioneine in blood-filtrates.
PubMed:The ergothioneine content of the blood in health and disease.
PubMed:A new test for ergothioneine upon which is based a method for its estimation in simple solution and in blood-filtrates.
 
Notes:
A naturally occurring metabolite of histidine that has antioxidant properties. -- Pubchem. Ergothioneine is a product of plant origin that accumulates in animal tissues. Ergothioneine is biosynthesized exclusively by fungi and mycobacteria and is captured by plants through their roots. As an ingredient of human food, ET is distributed very unevenly. By far, the highest levels of Ergothioneine have been found in mushrooms (0.1-1 mg/g dried material). Ergothioneine is rapidly cleared from the circulation and then avidly retained with minimal metabolism: the whole-body half-life of ingested Ergothioneine in rats is 1 month. The content of Ergothioneine varies greatly among tissues and is strongly dependent on its dietary level. In addition to erythrocytes and bone marrow, high Ergothioneine levels have also been found in seminal fluid. The precise physiological role of ET has remained elusive since its discovery in 1909. It is known that Ergothioneine is a powerful scavenger of hydroxyl radicals and an inhibitor of iron or copper ion-dependent generation of hydroxyl radicals from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). A specific ergothioneine transporter has recently been identified (gene symbol SLC22A4 - PMID: 15795384). Ergothioneine appears to play a pivotal protective role in monocytes, because the occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease has very recently been linked to variant ergothioneine transporter genes (PMID: 15795384). SLC22A4 is highly expressed in the kidney, where it is thought to aid in active secretion of organic cations, and may facilitate the active reabsorption of ergothioneine.
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