dipeptide-9
synthetic peptide consisting of glutamic acid and lysine

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CAS Number: 17105-15-6 3D/inchi FDA UNII: Search MDL: MFCD00055787 XlogP3-AA: -6.30 (est) Molecular Weight: 275.30537000 Formula: C11 H21 N3 O5 NMR Predictor: Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox) Category:hair conditioning, humectants, skin conditioning   US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information: Google Scholar: Search Google Books: Search Google Scholar: with word "volatile" Search Google Scholar: with word "flavor" Search Google Scholar: with word "odor" Search Google Patents: Search US Patents: Search EU Patents: Search Pubchem Patents: Search PubMed: Search NCBI: Search   Physical Properties: Assay: 95.00 to 100.00 Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No Soluble in:   water, 1.177e+005 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)   Organoleptic Properties: Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).   Cosmetic Information: CosIng: cosmetic data Cosmetic Uses: hair conditioning humectants skin conditioning   Suppliers: Sigma-Aldrich: Sigma For experimental / research use only. ?-Glu-e-Lys sds   Safety Information: Preferred SDS: View   Hazards identification   Classification of the substance or mixture GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) None found. GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements   Pictogram   Hazard statement(s) None found. Precautionary statement(s) None found. Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: Not determined Dermal Toxicity: Not determined Inhalation Toxicity: Not determined   Safety in Use Information: Category: hair conditioning, humectants, skin conditioning Recommendation for dipeptide-9 usage levels up to:   not for fragrance use.   Recommendation for dipeptide-9 flavor usage levels up to:   not for flavor use.   Safety References: EPI System: View AIDS Citations:Search Cancer Citations:Search Toxicology Citations:Search EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data (2R)-2-amino-6-[[(4S)-4-amino-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]hexanoic acid Chemidplus:0017105156   References:   (2R)-2-amino-6-[[(4S)-4-amino-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]hexanoic acid NIST Chemistry WebBook: Search Inchi Pubchem (cid): 6427014 Pubchem (sid): 135023015   Other Information: (IUPAC): Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) Videos: The Periodic Table of Videos tgsc: Atomic Weights use for this web site (IUPAC): Periodic Table of the Elements HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): HMDB03869 FooDB: FDB023239 ChemSpider: View   Potential Blenders and core components note None Found   Potential Uses: None Found   Occurrence (nature, food, other):note   not found in nature   Synonyms: (2R)-2- amino-6-[[(4S)-4-amino-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]hexanoic acid   synthetic peptide consisting of glutamic acid and lysine   Articles:   None found yet. Try the PubMed Search.

Notes: In non-diabetic kidney scarring the protein crosslinking enzyme tissue transglutaminase (tTg) has been implicated in the process by the formation of increased epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine bonds between ECM components in both experimental and human disease. Changes in tTg and epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine occur in human Diabetic nephropathy as well, the leading cause of chronic kidney failure. (PMID 15292688) In Parkinson's disease (PD), conformational changes in the alpha-synuclein monomer precede the formation of Lewy bodies. Both tTG and its substrate-characteristic N(epsilon)-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine crosslink are increased in PD nigral dopamine neurons. (PMID 15001552) Expression of tissue transglutaminase (tTgase) and epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine was present in all scarring of the blebs sites, being the main cause of failure in glaucoma filtration surgery. Transglutaminases are calcium-dependent enzymes that catalyze the posttranslational modification of proteins through an acyl transfer reaction between the gamma-carboxamide group of a peptide-bound glutaminyl residue and various amines. Covalent cross-linking using epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine bonds is stable and resistant to enzymatic, chemical, and mechanical disruption. (PMID: 16936095) [HMDB]

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